[Physiological effects of cold and cool Chinese herbal medicine of channel tropism of stomach on rats with stomach-heat syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: Stomach physiological effects of channel tropism of stomach, cold & cool Chinese herbal medicine on rats with stomach-heat syndrome were studied. METHOD: Using water decoction of warm &heat medicine, Rhizoma Zingiberis to feed rats for 15 days continuously, causing the stomach-heat sydrome model, then decoction of Rhizoma Coptidis, Herba Taraxaci, Fractus Aurantii Immaturus was used to feed rats for 10 days, respectively. Biochemical indexes of blood reflecting the physiological function of stomach, including thromboxaneB2 (TXB2), 6-keto-PGF(1alpha), Gastrin (Gas), Motilin (MTL), and Somatostation (SS) were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULT: Symptom of stomach-heat syndrome prevailed in body of rats after filled with decoction of Rhizoma Zingiberis, values of TXB2/6-keto-PGF(1alpha), MTL, and Gas in blood raised up evidently, compared with the control (P < 0.05), but values of 6-keto-PGF(1alpha). decreased conspicuously (P < 0.05). After treated with decoction of Rhizoma Coptidis, Herba Taraxaci or Fractus Aurantii Immaturus for 10 days, respectively. Symptoms of stomach heat syndrome were eliminated or alleviated, values of 6-keto-PGF(1alpha), and SS in blood elevated at different degrees, and those of TXB2, TXB2/6-keto-PGF(1alpha), MTL, and Gas felled down at different degrees. Difference of efficacy existed at different groups, group of Rhizoma Coptidis was the strongest, group of Herba Taraxaci was the second, group of Fractus Aurantii Immaturus was the third. Efficacy of medicine in groups with high dosage was stronger than those with low dosage. CONCLUSION: Channel tropism of stomach, cold and cool Chinese herbal medicine could improve the physiological functions of stomach effectively, and the efficacy concerns with the degree of their cold and cool characteristics.

[Analysis of anthraquinones in serum and urine after oral administration of semen Cassiae].

OBJECTIVE: To analysie the anthraquinones absorbed into serum by different animals (or human beings) after oral administration of Semen Cassiae. METHOD: Anthraquinones in serum and urine of rats and urine of healthy men after taking Semen Cassiae orally were detected with HPLC. RESULT: Only some of the anthraquinones were absorbed into serum. There were differences in absorption and metabolism of anthraquinones between rats and men and some new anthraquinones were produced in the process. CONCLUSION: Anthraquinones absorbed into serum by the experimental animals or men should become target for researching into active compounds of anthraquinones in Semen Cassiae.

[Genetic effects on grain shape traits of indica black pericarp rice and their genetic correlations with main mineral element contents in grains].

Complete diallel crosses with 7 varieties of indica black pericarp rice were conducted to analyze the genetic effects on grain shape traits such as 100-grain weight, grain length, grain width and length/width and their genetic correlations with main mineral elements of Fe, Zn, Mn and P contents in kernels of parents and their F1s and F2s, by using the full genetic model including seed, cytoplasmic and maternal effects on quantitative traits of seeds in cereal crops. The results indicated that the grain shape traits were controlled by seed direct genetic effects, maternal genetic effects as well as by cytoplasmic effects. The seed direct genetic effects were more important than the maternal genetic effects for grain shape traits, and seed direct additive effects constituted a major part of their genetic effects. The narrow heritabilities of seed direct effects were high for 100-grain weight, grain width and grain length/grain width, while those of seed and maternal effects were intermediate for grain length. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the single seed selection on the 100-grain weight, grain width and grain length/grain width in early generations of hybrid offspring, while in the case of grain length, attention should be paid to single plant selection and single seed selection in late generations. The results also showed that there existed significant genetic correlations of seed direct additive, seed direct dominance, cytoplasm, maternal additive and maternal dominance between most of grain shape traits such as 100-grain weight, grain length, grain width, grain length/grain width and main mineral elements of Fe, Zn, Mn and P contents in grains. The improvement for nutrient quality traits of main mineral elements Fe, Zn, Mn and P contents in indica black pericarp rice could be realized by the indirect selection of grain shape traits in speciality rice quality breeding.

[Optimization of cultivation conditions in se-enriched Spirulina platensis].

Orthogonal combination design was adopted in examining the Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) yield and the influence of four factors (Se content, Se-adding method, S content and NaHCO3 content) on algae growth. The results showed that Se content, Se-adding method and NaHCO3 content were key factors in cultivation conditions of Se-enriched S. platensis with the optimal combination being Se at 300 mg/L, Se-adding amount equally divided into three times and NaHCO3 at 16.8 g/L. Algae yield had a remarkable correlation with OD560 and floating rate by linear regression analysis. There was a corresponding relationship between effects of the four factors on algae yield and on OD560, floating rate too. In conclusion, OD560 and floating rate could be served as yield-forming factors.

[Effect of protein and anthraquinone glucosides from cassia seed on serum lipid of hyperlipidemia rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of protein and anthraquinone glucosides from cassia seed on serum lipid of hyperlipidemia rats. METHOD: The rat hyperlipidemia model was set up by ig lipid emulsion. The effects of the protein 0.25 and 1 mg.kg-1. d-1, the anthraquinone glucosides 5 and 20 mg.kg-1.d-1, and the protein 0.25 mg.kg-1.d-1 plus the anthracene glucosides 5 mg.kg-1.d-1 on total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in serum of the rats were determined. RESULT: The protein 1 mg.kg-1.d-1, the anthraquinone glucosides 20 mg.kg-1.d-1 reduced the raised TC, TG, LDL-C of hyperlipidemia rats (P < 0.05). The above indexes could also be reduced by the protein 0.25 mg.kg-1.d-1 plus the anthraquinone glucosides 5 mg.kg-1.d-1(P < 0.05, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Protein and anthraquinone glucosides from cassia seed can lower TC, TG, LDL-C of hyperlipidemia rats.