Effects of appropriate low-temperature treatment on the yield and quality of pigmented potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers.

Temperature is one of the important environmental factors affecting plant growth, yield and quality. Moreover, appropriately low temperature is also beneficial for tuber coloration. The red potato variety Jianchuanhong, whose tuber color is susceptible to temperature, and the purple potato variety Huaxinyangyu, whose tuber color is stable, were used as experimental materials and subjected to 20 °C (control check), 15 °C and 10 °C treatments during the whole growth period. The effects of temperature treatment on the phenotype, the expression levels of structural genes related to anthocyanins and the correlations of each indicator were analyzed. The results showed that treatment at 10 °C significantly inhibited the potato plant height, and the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters in the leaves were reduced, and the enzyme activities of SOD and POD were significantly increased, all indicating that the leaves were damaged. Treatment at 10 °C also affected the tuberization of Huaxinyangyu and reduced the tuberization and coloring of Jianchuanhong, while treatment at 15 °C significantly increased the stem diameter, root-to-shoot ratio, yield and content of secondary metabolites, especially anthocyanins. Similarly, the expression of structural genes were enhanced in two pigmented potatoes under low-temperature treatment conditions. In short, proper low temperature can not only increase yield but also enhance secondary metabolites production. Previous studies have not focused on the effects of appropriate low-temperature treatment during the whole growth period of potato on the changes in metabolites during tuber growth and development, these results can provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the selection of pigmented potatoes with better nutritional quality planting environment and the formulation of cultivation measures.

YY1-induced lncRNA00511 promotes melanoma progression via the miR-150-5p/ADAM19 axis.

Increasing evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are therapeutic targets and key regulators of tumors development and progression, including melanoma. Long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 511 (LINC00511) has been demonstrated as an oncogenic molecule in breast, stomach, colorectal, and lung cancers. However, the precise role and functional mechanisms of LINC00511 in melanoma remain unknown. This study confirmed that LINC00511 was highly expressed in melanoma cells (A375 and SK-Mel-28 cells) and tissues, knockdown of LINC00511 could inhibit melanoma cell migration and invasion, as well as the growth of subcutaneous tumor xenografts in vivo. By using Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, it was demonstrated that the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is capable of binding to the LINC00511 promoter and enhancing its expression in cis. Further mechanistic investigation showed that LINC00511 was mainly enriched in the cytoplasm of melanoma cells and interacted directly with microRNA-150-5p (miR-150-5p). Consistently, the knockdown of miR-150-5p could recover the effects of LINC00511 knockdown on melanoma cells. Furthermore, ADAM metallopeptidase domain expression 19 (ADAM19) was identified as a downstream target of miR-150-5p, and overexpression of ADAM19 could promote melanoma cell proliferation. Rescue assays indicated that LINC00511 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge miR-150-5p and increase the expression of ADAM19, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. In summary, we identified LINC00511 as an oncogenic lncRNA in melanoma and defined the LINC00511/miR-150-5p/ADAM19 axis, which might be considered a potential therapeutic target and novel molecular mechanism the treatment of patients with melanoma.

Efficacy and safety of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in acute ischaemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) based on existing evidence. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search through April 15, 2023, of seven major databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing adjunctive hyperbaric HBOT with non-HBOT (no HBOT or sham HBOT) treatments for AIS. Data extraction and assessment were independently performed by two researchers. The quality of included studies was evaluated using the tool provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. Meta-analysis was conducted using Rev Man 5.3. RESULTS: A total of 8 studies involving 493 patients were included. The meta-analysis showed no statistically significant differences between HBOT and the control group in terms of NIHSS score (MD = -1.41, 95%CI = -7.41 to 4.58), Barthel index (MD = 8.85, 95%CI = -5.84 to 23.54), TNF-α (MD = -5.78, 95%CI = -19.93 to 8.36), sICAM (MD = -308.47, 95%CI = -844.13 to 13227.19), sVCAM (MD = -122.84, 95%CI = -728.26 to 482.58), sE-selectin (MD = 0.11, 95%CI = -21.86 to 22.08), CRP (MD = -5.76, 95%CI = -15.02 to 3.51), adverse event incidence within ≤ 6 months of follow-up (OR = 0.98, 95%CI = 0.25 to 3.79). However, HBOT showed significant improvement in modified Rankin score (MD = 0.10, 95%CI = 0.03 to 0.17), and adverse event incidence at the end of treatment (OR = 0.42, 95%CI = 0.19 to 0.94) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: While our findings do not support the routine use of HBOT for improving clinical outcomes in AIS, further research is needed to explore its potential efficacy within specific therapeutic windows and for different cerebral occlusion scenarios. Therefore, the possibility of HBOT offering clinical benefits for AIS cannot be entirely ruled out.

Enhanced indigenous consortia for the remediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater by bioaugmentation: Reducing and phosphate-solubilizing consortia.

To investigate the strengthening effects and mechanisms of bioaugmentation on the microbial remediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater via bioreduction coupled to biomineralization, two exogenous microbial consortia with reducing and phosphate-solubilizing functions were screened and added to uranium-contaminated groundwater as the experimental groups (group B, reducing consortium added; group C, phosphate-solubilizing consortium added). ß-glycerophosphate (GP) was selected to stimulate the microbial community as the sole electron donor and phosphorus source. The results showed that bioaugmentation accelerated the consumption of GP and the proliferation of key functional microbes in groups B and C. In group B, Dysgonomonas, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_11 and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_13 were the main reducing bacteria, and Paenibacillus was the main phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. In group C, the microorganisms that solubilized phosphate were mainly unclassified_f_Enterobacteriaceae. Additionally, bioaugmentation promoted the formation of unattached precipitates and alleviated the inhibitory effect of cell surface precipitation on microbial metabolism. As a result, the formation rate of U-phosphate precipitates and the removal rates of aqueous U(VI) in both groups B and C were elevated significantly after bioaugmentation. The U(VI) removal rate was poor in the control group (group A, with only an indigenous consortium). Propionispora, Sporomusa and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_11 may have played an important role in the removal of uranium in group A. Furthermore, the addition of a reducing consortium promoted the reduction of U(VI) to U(IV), and immobilized uranium existed in the form of U(IV)-phosphate and U(VI)-phosphate precipitates in group B. In contrast, U was present mainly as U(VI)-phosphate precipitates in groups A and C. Overall, bioaugmentation with an exogenous consortium resulted in the rapid removal of uranium from groundwater and the formation of U-phosphate minerals and served as an effective strategy for improving the treatment of uranium-contaminated groundwater in situ.

Electroacupuncture at Sensitized Acupoints Relieves Somatic Referred Pain in Colitis Rats by Inhibiting Sympathetic-Sensory Coupling to Interfere with 5-HT Signaling Pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) at sensitized acupoints could reduce sympathetic-sensory coupling (SSC) and neurogenic inflammatory response by interfering with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)ergic neural pathways to relieve colitis and somatic referred pain, and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Rats were treated with 5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) solution for 7 days to establish a colitis model. Twelve rats were randomly divided into the control and model groups according to a random number table (n=6). According to the "Research on Rat Acupoint Atlas", sensitized acupoints and non-sensitized acupoints were determined. Rats were randomly divided into the control, model, Zusanli-EA (ST 36), Dachangshu-EA (BL 25), and Xinshu (BL 15) groups (n=6), as well as the control, model, EA, and EA + GR113808 (a 5-HT inhibitor) groups (n=6). The rats in the control group received no treatment. Acupuncture was administered on 2 days after modeling using the stimulation pavameters: 1 mA, 2 Hz, for 30 min, with sparse and dense waves, for 14 consecutive days. GR113808 was injected into the tail vein at 5 mg/kg before EA for 10 min for 7 consecutive days. Mechanical sensitivity was assessed with von Frey filaments. Body weight and disease activity index (DAI) scores of rats were determined. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to observe colon histopathology. SSC was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect 5-HT and substance P (SP) expressions. The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in skin tissue and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein levels in DRG were detected by Western blot. The levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), bradykinin (BK), prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) in skin tissue, 5-HT, tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), serotonin transporters (SERT), 5-HT 3 receptor (5-HT3R), and 5-HT 4 receptor (5-HT4R) in colon tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: BL 25 and ST 36 acupoints were determined as sensitized acupoints, and BL 15 acupoint was used as a non-sensitized acupoint. EA at sensitized acupoints improved the DAI score, increased mechanical withdrawal thresholds, and alleviated colonic pathological damage of rats. EA at sensitized acupoints reduced SSC structures and decreased TH and CGRP expression levels (P<0.05). Furthermore, EA at sensitized acupoints reduced BK, PGI2, 5-HT, 5-HT3R and TPH1 levels, and increased HA, 5-HT4R and SERT levels in colitis rats (P<0.05). GR113808 treatment diminished the protective effect of EA at sensitized acupoints in colitis rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: EA at sensitized acupoints alleviated DSS-induced somatic referred pain in colitis rats by interfering with 5-HTergic neural pathway, and reducing SSC inflammatory response.

Long-term outcome of children with acute promyelocytic leukemia: a randomized study of oral versus intravenous arsenic by SCCLG-APL group.

Realgar-Indigo naturalis formula (RIF), an oral traditional Chinese medicine mainly containing Realgar (As4S4), is highly effective in treating adult acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, the treatment efficacy and safety of RIF have not been verified in pediatric patients. SCCLG-APL group conducted a multicenter randomized non-inferiority trial to determine whether intravenous arsenic trioxide (ATO) can be substituted by oral RIF in treating pediatric APL. Of 176 eligible patients enrolled, 91 and 85 were randomized to ATO and RIF groups, respectively. Patients were treated with the risk-adapted protocol. Induction, consolidation, and 96-week maintenance treatment contained all-trans-retinoic acid and low-intensity chemotherapy, and either ATO or RIF. The primary endpoint was 5-year event-free survival (EFS). The secondary endpoints were adverse events and hospital days. After a median 6-year follow-up, the 5-year EFS was 97.6% in both groups. However, the RIF group had significantly shorter hospital stays and lower incidence of infection and tended to have less cardiac toxicity. All 4 relapses occurred within 1.5 years after completion of maintenance therapy. No long-term arsenic retentions were observed in either group. Substituting oral RIF for ATO maintains treatment efficacy while reducing hospitalization and adverse events in treating pediatric APL patients, which may be a future treatment strategy for APL.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture for poststroke dysphagia.

Introduction: Optimal treatment strategies for post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) remain to be explored. Electroacupuncture (EA) has attracted widespread attention due to its simplicity, cheapness, and safety. However, the efficacy of EA in the treatment of PSD lacks high-level evidence-based medical support. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the clinical value of EA in the treatment of PSD. Methods: A total of seven databases were searched for relevant literature. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on EA alone or EA combined with other interventions for the treatment of PSD were assessed using the modified Jadad scale. The studies with a score of ≥4 were included. The quality of the included studies was then assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool. The meta-analysis was performed using Rev. Man 5.3 software. Results: Twelve studies involving 1,358 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis results showed that the EA group was superior to the control group in terms of clinical response rate (OR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.97 to 3.53) and videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) score (MD = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.29 to 1.16). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the standardized swallowing assessment (SSA) score (MD = -3.11, 95% CI = -6.45 to 0.23), Rosenbek penetration-aspiration scale (PAS) score (MD = -0.68, 95% CI = -2.78 to 1.41), Swallowing Quality of Life (SWAL-QOL) score (MD = 13.24, 95% CI = -7.74 to 34.21), or incidence of adverse events (OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 0.73 to 3.38). Conclusion: This study shows that EA combined with conventional treatment or other interventions can significantly improve the clinical response rate and VFSS score in patients with PSD without increasing adverse reactions.Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=396840.

Electroacupuncture at HT5 + GB20 produces stronger activation effect on swallowing cortex and muscle than single points.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture on cortical activation and swallowing muscle groups. The study examined brain activation in healthy subjects performing swallowing tasks during electroacupuncture. Additionally, the study analyzed electromyographic signals of swallowing muscle groups after electroacupuncture. Methods: Twenty-seven healthy subjects were randomly separated into three groups. They underwent electroacupuncture at HT5 acupoint (HT5 group), or GB20 acupoint (GB20 group), or HT5 + GB20 acupoint (HT5 + GB20 group) for 30 min of intervention. Subjects performed a swallowing task while receiving electroacupuncture. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to detect cortical activation and functional connectivity (FC). The mean amplitude values of the swallowing muscle groups after electroacupuncture were also measured. Statistical analysis was used to investigate the differences between the three groups. The protocol was registered with the China Clinical Trials Registry with the registration number ChiCTR2300067457. Results: Compared with the HT5 group, the HT5 + GB20 group showed higher cortical activation in the LM1 (t = 2.842, P < 0.05) and a tighter FC in the RM1 and LM1 (t = 2.4629, P < 0.05) with considerably increased mean amplitude values of the swallowing muscle groups (t = 5.2474, P < 0.0001). Increased FC was found in the HT5 + GB20 group compared to the GB20 group between the RM1 and RS1 (t = 2.9997, P < 0.01), RM1 and RPM (t = 2.2116, P < 0.05), RM1 and LM1 (t = 3.2078, P < 0.01), RPM and LM1 (t = 2.7440, P < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in cortical activation or mean amplitude values of swallowing muscle groups. Conclusion: This study showed that electroacupuncture at HT5 + GB20 acupoints particularly engaged the cerebral cortex related to swallowing, resulting in tighter functional connectivity and higher amplitude values of swallowing muscle groups than electroacupuncture at single acupoints. The results may reveal the mechanism of electroacupuncture for post-stroke swallowing dysphagia.

Electroacupuncture at HT5 + GB20 promotes brain remodeling and significantly improves swallowing function in patients with stroke.

Background: This study compared the differences in the degree of brain activation, and swallowing function scales in patients with post-stroke dysphagia after treatment. We explored the mechanism of cortical remodeling and the improvement effect of electroacupuncture on swallowing function in patients and provided a theoretical basis for the clinical application of electroacupuncture. Methods: Fifty patients with post-stroke dysphagia were randomized to the control or electroacupuncture group. The control group underwent conventional swallowing rehabilitation for 30 min each time for 12 sessions. In the electroacupuncture group, electroacupuncture was performed based on conventional swallowing rehabilitation for 30 min each time for 12 sessions. Cortical activation tests and swallowing function assessments were performed before and after treatment. Statistical analyses were used to investigate the differences within and between the two groups to explore the treatment effects. Results: There were no statistical differences in clinical characteristics and baseline data between the two groups before treatment. Cortical activation and swallowing function were improved to different degrees in both groups after treatment compared with before treatment. After treatment, the electroacupuncture group showed higher LPM (t = 4.0780, p < 0.001) and RPM (t = 4.4026, p < 0.0001) cortical activation and tighter functional connectivity between RS1 and LM1 (t = 2.5336, p < 0.05), RM1 and LPM (t = 3.5339, p < 0.001), RPM and LM1 (t = 2.5302, p < 0.05), and LM1 and LPM (t = 2.9254, p < 0.01) compared with the control group. Correspondingly, the improvement in swallowing function was stronger in the electroacupuncture group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that electroacupuncture based on conventional treatment activated more of the cerebral cortex associated with swallowing and promoted functional connectivity and remodeling of the brain. Accompanying the brain remodeling, patients in the electroacupuncture group also showed greater improvement in swallowing function. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, ChiCTR2300067457.

[Clinical efficacy of fire needling combined with cupping therapy on herpes zoster of acute stage and the effect on Th17/Treg cellular immune balance].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy between the combined therapy of fire needling and cupping, and western medication on herpes zoster of acute stage, as well as the effects on Th17 and Treg cells and inflammatory factors, i.e. IL-10 and IL-17 in the peripheral blood. METHODS: Eighty patients with herpes zoster of acute stage were randomly divided into a combined therapy (fire needling plus cupping) group and a western medication group, 40 cases in each one. In the combined therapy group, the pricking and scattering techniques with fire needle were used at ashi points and Jiaji (EX-B 2) corresponding to the affected spinal segments; afterwards, cupping therapy was delivered. The combined treatment was given once daily. In the western medication group, valaciclovir hydrochloride tablet and vitamin B1 tablet were administered orally. The duration of treatment in each group was 10 days. Before each treatment from day 1 to day 10 and on day 11 , the score of symptoms and physical signs was observed in the two groups separately. Before each treatment from day 1 to day 10 and on day 11, 30, 60, the score of visual analogue scale (VAS) and skin lesion indexes were observed in the two groups. On day 60, the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia was recorded in the two groups. The levels of Th17 and Treg cells, Th17/Treg ratio in the peripheral blood, as well as serum levels of IL-10 and IL-17 were detected before and after treatment in the two groups. The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. RESULTS: From day 6 to day 10 during treatment and on day 11, the scores of symptoms and physical signs in the combined therapy group were lower than those of the western medication group (P<0.05, P<0.01). On day 3, day 6 to day 10 during treatment and day 11, day 30, VAS scores in the combined therapy group were lower than those of the western medication group (P<0.05, P<0.01). On day 60, the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia in the combined therapy group was lower compared with that in the western medication group (P<0.05). The blister arresting time and scabbing time in the combined therapy group were shorter than those of the western medication group (P<0.05). After treatment, the level of Th17, and Th17/Treg ratio in the peripheral blood, as well as the serum levels of IL-10 and IL-17 were all lower in comparison with those in the western medication group (P<0.05). The curative and remarkably effective rate was 82.5% (33/40) in the combined therapy group, higher than 62.5% (25/40) in the western medication group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The early application of fire needling combined with cupping therapy can effectively treat herpes zoster of acute stage, relieve pain, and reduce the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia, which may be related to reducing the levels of Th17 and Treg cells, and Th17/Treg ratio in the peripheral blood, as well as the serum levels of IL-10 and IL-17 so that the cellular immune balance is modulated.

Impact of Nursing Interventions Targeting Vital Signs and Complication Risk on Perioperative Parameters and Complication Rates in Aortic Dissection Patients.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of nursing interventions targeting vital signs and complication risk on perioperative outcomes and complications in patients diagnosed with aortic dissection. Methods: This retrospective study included patients presenting to our emergency department with acute chest pain as the primary complaint. Inclusion criteria encompassed identifiable chest pain symptoms, documented occurrence time and a time from symptom onset to blood collection of ≤ 24 hours. The cases of aortic dissection were selected from April 2018 to April 2022 and were diagnosed as major arterial dissection based on the Chinese Expert Consensus on the Criteria for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Dissection. The control group received conventional nursing care for aortic dissection, while the observation group received a nursing plan incorporating vital signs monitoring and addressing complication risk in addition to standard care. Results: All 120 enrolled patients successfully recovered and were discharged from the hospital. Age, body weight, operation time, anesthesia time, preoperative albumin levels, hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P > .05). However, 24 hours post-operation, the observation group exhibited significantly lower IL-6 levels compared to the control group (P < .001), with no significant differences in hs-CRP levels (P > .05). Postoperative albumin levels in both aortic dissection groups significantly decreased compared to pre-surgery levels (P < .001) without statistical group differences (P > .05). Compared to controls, the observation group had reduced intraoperative sufentanil dosage, postoperative tracheal catheter extubation time, hospital stay, and costs (P < .001). No anastomotic complications occurred, and edema incidence was lower in the observation group (P = .021), with no significant differences in other complications (P > .05). Conclusions: Nursing interventions improve aortic dissection patient outcomes, reduce complications, and warrant broader clinical use.

Performance and mechanism of phosphorus adsorption removal from wastewater by a Ce-Zr-Al composite adsorbent.

With the increasingly serious eutrophication of global water bodies and the strict discharge standards of tail water in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), there is an urgent technology need for efficient deep phosphorus removal from wastewater. A composite cerium-based adsorbent (Ce-Zr-Al) was synthesized by coprecipitation method for the adsorption of low concentration phosphorus in water. The performance of the Ce-Zr-Al composite adsorbent was explored, and the mechanism was also revealed through the analyses including SEM, BET, XPS, and FT-IR. The results showed that the composite adsorbent had excellent phosphorus removal performance. The phosphorus removal rate reached up to 92.6%, and the phosphorus concentration in effluent was less than 0.074 mg/L. The phosphate adsorption capacity of saturation was 73.51 mg/g. The adsorption process of phosphate was in accordance with pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. In addition, the composite adsorbent had a high zero potential point (pH PZC= 8) and a wide range of pH application. After the repeated desorption for 10 times in NaOH solution, the composite adsorbent still maintained good adsorbability (adsorption rate > 94%). The ligand exchange and electrostatic adsorption played the main role for the phosphorus removal from water using the composite adsorbent.

Directional screening and identification of potential cytotoxic components from Achnatherum inebrians by a combination of surface palsmon resonance and chromatography.

Objective: To establish a method for directional screening of the cytotoxic components from the medicinal herb of Achnatherum inebrians by a combination of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor and chromatographic isolation technology. Methods: Under the guidance of bioactive assessment based on binding abilities between objects and the α-Mannosidase (α-Man) target, the active components from different solvents extracts, different polar extraction parts and fractions were screened orderly and directionally using SPR. Components with a high binding ability to α-Man can be precisely oriented in a narrower fractions range and are easy to isolate. Three human cancer cells were used to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of component with the highest affinity to α-Man. Results: Eight compounds were isolated and identificated from A. inebrians for the first time. Deoxyvasicinone possessed the highest affinity to α-Man among them. Moreover, deoxyvasicinone showed good effects on inhibited proliferation of human hepatoma cells HepG2 (IC50 = 5.7 µmol/L), human breast cancer cells MCF7 (IC50 = 7.21 µmol/L) and human lung cancer cells HCC827 (IC50 = 0.75 µmol/L), respectively. In particular, its inhibitory effect on HCC827 was stronger than the positive drug gefitinib (IC50 = 1.65 µmol/L). Conclusion: A comprehensive strategy of directional screening potential cytotoxic components from herb based on biomolecular interaction and chromatography was established. Deoxyvasicinone as an effective anti-cancer component was initially isolated from A. inebrians. It is expected that this screening strategy could provide new perspectives for rapid screening and identification of active components from natural plants with the complex matrix.

Soil quality evaluation of different land use patterns on the southern and northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau based on minimal data set.

To evaluate soil quality status of forest, grassland, and cropland in the southern and northern Tibetan Plateau, and to clarify the key influencing factors of productivity levels under three land use types, we measured the basic physical and chemical properties of 101 soil samples collected in the northern and southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to select three indicators as the minimum data set (MDS) to comprehensively evaluate soil quality of the southern and northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The result showed that soil physical and chemical properties of the three land use types were significantly different in the north and south. The contents of soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) in the north were higher than those in the south, while the contents of SOM and TN of forest were signi-ficantly higher than those of cropland and grassland in both the north and south. Soil ammonium (NH4+-N) content showed a pattern of cropland > forest > grassland, with significant difference in the south. Soil nitrate (NO3--N) content in the north and south was the highest in the forest. Soil bulk density (BD) and electrical conductivity (EC) of cropland were significantly higher than those of grassland and forest, and that of cropland and grassland in the northern part was higher than that of southern part. Soil pH of grassland in the south was significantly higher than that of forest and cropland, and that of forest was the highest in northern part. The selected indicators for eva-luating soil quality in the north were SOM, AP, and pH, and soil quality index of forest, grassland, and cropland was 0.56, 0.53 and 0.47. The selected indicators were SOM, total phosphorus (TP), and NH4+-N in the south, and soil quality index of grassland, forest and cropland was 0.52, 0.51 and 0.48, respectively. There was a significant correlation between soil quality index obtained by the total data set and the minimum data set, and the regression coefficient was 0.69. Soil quality in the north and south of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were grade Ⅲ, and soil organic matter was the main indicator limiting soil quality in this area. Our results provide a scientific basis for eva-luating soil quality and ecological restoration in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Efficacy and safety of dietary polyphenols in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To evaluate safety and efficacy of dietary polyphenols in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: CNKI, Pubmed, Cochrane library, Embase were searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of dietary polyphenols in the treatment of RA. The databases were searched from the time of their establishment to November 8nd, 2022. After 2 reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies, Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.4 software. Results: A total of 49 records (47 RCTs) were finally included, involving 3852 participants and 15 types of dietary polyphenols (Cinnamon extract, Cranberry extract, Crocus sativus L. extract, Curcumin, Garlic extract, Ginger extract, Hesperidin, Olive oil, Pomegranate extract, Puerarin, Quercetin, Resveratrol, Sesamin, Tea polyphenols, Total glucosides of paeony). Pomegranate extract, Resveratrol, Garlic extract, Puerarin, Hesperidin, Ginger extract, Cinnamon extract, Sesamin only involve in 1 RCT. Cranberry extract, Crocus sativus L. extract, Olive oil, Quercetin, Tea polyphenols involve in 2 RCTs. Total glucosides of paeony and Curcumin involve in more than 3 RCTs. These RCTs showed that these dietary polyphenols could improve disease activity score for 28 joints (DAS28), inflammation levels or oxidative stress levels in RA. The addition of dietary polyphenols did not increase adverse events. Conclusion: Dietary polyphenols may improve DAS28, reduce C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and improve oxidative stress, etc. However, more RCTs are needed to verify or modify the efficacy and safety of dietary polyphenols. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022315645.

Protective Mechanism of Cordyceps sinensis Treatment on Acute Kidney Injury-Induced Acute Lung Injury through AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate protective effect of Cordyceps sinensis (CS) through autophagy-associated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in acute kidney injury (AKI)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups according to a random number table, including the normal saline (NS)-treated sham group (sham group), NS-treated ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) group (IRI group), and low- (5 g/kg·d) and high-dose (10 g/kg·d) CS-treated IRI groups (CS1 and CS2 groups), 12 rats in each group. Nephrectomy of the right kidney was performed on the IRI rat model that was subjected to 60 min of left renal pedicle occlusion followed by 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of reperfusion. The wet-to-dry (W/D) ratio of lung, levels of serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin- ß and tumor necrosis factor- α, and biomarkers of oxidative stress such as superoxide dismutase, malonaldehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), were assayed. Histological examinations were conducted to determine damage of tissues in the kidney and lung. The protein expressions of light chain 3 II/light chain 3 I (LC3-II/LC3-I), uncoordinated-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), P62, AMPK and mTOR were measured by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS: The renal IRI induced pulmonary injury following AKI, resulting in significant increases in W/D ratio of lung, and the levels of Scr, BUN, inflammatory cytokines, MDA and MPO (P<0.01); all of these were reduced in the CS groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the IRI groups, the expression levels of P62 and mTOR were significantly lower (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while those of LC3-II/LC3-I, ULK1, and AMPK were significantly higher in the CS2 group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION: CS had a potential in treating lung injury following renal IRI through activation of the autophagy-related AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in AKI-induced ALI.

A LAMP-Based Toolbox Developed for Detecting the Major Pathogens Affecting the Production and Quality of the Chinese Medicinal Crop Aconitum carmichaelii.

Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb that has been utilized for approximately 2,000 years. However, as cultivation has increased, there have been more reports of A. carmichaelii infections caused by four major pathogenic fungal species, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Mucor circinelloides, and Sclerotium rolfsii, resulting in increased disease incidences and limited production and quality. To detect these infections, we developed a LAMP-based toolbox in this study. The cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene, translation elongation factor-1α (EF-1α), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA, and alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1) gene, respectively, were used to design species-specific LAMP primer sets for F. oxysporum, F. solani, S. rolfsii, and M. circinelloides. The results showed that the LAMP-based toolbox was effective at detecting pathogens in soil and plant materials. We also used this toolbox to investigate pathogen infection in the main planting regions of A. carmichaelii. Before harvesting, F. oxysporum, M. circinelloides, and S. rolfsii were commonly found in the planting fields and in infected A. carmichaelii plants. Therefore, the toolbox we developed will be useful for tracking these infections, as well as for disease control in A. carmichaelii.

8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methylester protects against sleep deprivation-induced cognitive deficits and anxiety-like behaviors by regulating NLRP3 and Nrf2 pathways in mice.

Sleep deprivation (SD) is prevalent throughout the world, which has negative effects on cognitive abilities, and causing mood alterations. 8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methylester (8-OaS), a chief component in Lamiophlomis rotata (L. rotata) Kudo, possesses potent neuroprotective properties and analgesic effects. Here, we evaluated the alleviative effects of 8-OaS on memory impairment and anxiety in mice subjected to SD (for 72-h). Our results demonstrated that 8-OaS (0.2, 2, 20 mg/kg) administration dose-dependently ameliorated behavioral abnormalities in SD mice, accompanied with restored synaptic plasticity and reduced shrinkage and loss of hippocampal neurons. 8-OaS reduced the inflammatory response and oxidative stress injury in hippocampus caused by SD, which may be related to inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory process and activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. SD also led to increases in the expressions of TLR-4/MyD88, active NF-κB, pro-IL-1ß, TNFα and MDA, as well as a decrease in the level of SOD in mice hippocampus, which were reversed by 8-OaS administration. Moreover, our molecular docking analyses showed that 8-OaS also has good affinity for NLRP3 and Nrf2 signaling pathways. These results suggested that 8-OaS could be used as a novel herbal medicine for the treatment of sleep loss and for use as a structural base for developing new drugs.

Corrigendum: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture for poststroke dysphagia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1270624.].

Molecular mechanisms of Baihedihuang decoction as a treatment for breast cancer related anxiety: A network pharmacology and molecular docking study.

BACKGROUND: The therapeutic effects of a combination of Chinese medicines called Baihedihuang decoction (BD) have been clinically verified, although its molecular targets in breast cancer related anxiety remain unknown. AIM: To explore the molecular mechanisms of BD for breast cancer related anxiety treatment. METHODS: We used the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database to screen the active ingredients and potential targets of BD, and constructed the "drug-ingredient-target" network map with the help of Cytoscape 3.8 software. Also, we used the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, DrugBank, and Gencards databases to collect the disease targets of breast cancer related anxiety, and used the STRING platform to perform protein interaction analysis and construct the protein-protein interaction network. Metascape platform was used for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis of key targets. Molecular docking technology was used to verify the drug component/target disease network. RESULTS: We screened 16 active ingredients of BD for breast cancer related anxiety, with 113 target proteins. There are 931 disease targets of breast cancer related anxiety, and finally, 43 key targets and 305 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were generated. The main active ingredients of BD for breast cancer related anxiety are verbascoside, ß-sitosterol, stigmasterol, catalpol, etc. CDK2, TP53, HTR2A, ESR1, etc. are its key targets, and the main involved signaling pathways may include neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, 5-hydroxytryptaminergic synapse, P53 signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, the cAMP signaling pathway, etc. Finally, molecular docking was performed with Vina software to validate the key active ingredients in BD with the selected key action targets. The molecular docking results showed that verbascoside, ß-sitosterol, stigmasterol and CDK2 could stably bind and interact through amino acid residues SER249, ARG260, PRO228, ALA282, SER276, LYS273, ASN272, etc. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic effect of BD for breast cancer related anxiety is multi-level, multi-target, and multi-pathway. The findings of this study provide ideas and basis for further research.