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1.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 29(49): 75043-75056, 2022 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35648345

RESUMEN

The present study evaluated the effects of Hail Salvia officinalis total extract (SOTE) and its high flavonoid fraction (SOHFF) on the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and hepatorenal damage in rats. Salvia officinalis plants were collected from Hail region, Saudi Arabia. Rats were fed HFD and supplemented orally with SOTE (250 mg kg-1) or SOHFF (100 mg kg-1) or simvastatin (SVS; 10 mg kg-1) every day for 8 weeks. Compared to the controls, HFD-induced obesity led to significant increases in body weight, body weight gained, blood insulin, leptin, cardiac enzymes (LDH and CPK) activity, and atherogenic index (AI). HFD rats also showed higher levels of hepatic and renal function biomarkers (ALT, urea, and creatinine), as well as lower levels of PPARγ and Nrf2-gene expression and a disrupted lipid profile. Moreover, HFD rats had lower levels of hepatic and renal antioxidant biomarkers (CAT, GPx, SOD, GR, and GSH), accompanied by higher levels of hepatic and renal lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), and inflammatory mediators (interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)). In addition, histological examination of hepatic and renal tissues revealed histopathological changes that validated the biochemical findings. Compared to HFD group, SOTE and SOHFF treatment led to marked amelioration of all the aforementioned parameters. Collectively, supplementation with SOTE and SOHFF effectively reversed HFD-induced alterations through its antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Hence, SOTE and SOHFF have therapeutic potential in controlling obesity and related pathologies.


Asunto(s)
Insulinas , Salvia officinalis , Animales , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Peso Corporal , Creatinina , Dieta Alta en Grasa/efectos adversos , Flavonoides/farmacología , Mediadores de Inflamación/metabolismo , Mediadores de Inflamación/farmacología , Mediadores de Inflamación/uso terapéutico , Insulinas/metabolismo , Insulinas/farmacología , Insulinas/uso terapéutico , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Leptina , Lípidos , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/farmacología , Obesidad , Estrés Oxidativo , PPAR gamma/metabolismo , PPAR gamma/farmacología , PPAR gamma/uso terapéutico , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Ratas , Simvastatina , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Urea/farmacología
2.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 29(25): 38606-38617, 2022 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35083696

RESUMEN

The perennial plant Echinops spinosus (ES) grows in the Hail area of Saudi Arabia, and its traditional formulations are often employed in folk medicine. The goal of this study is to identify the active components present in Hail Echinops spinosus and to investigate the anti-diabetic properties of both ES total extract (ESTE) and its high flavonoids fraction (ESHFF) in experimental diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection in rats. Forty-two rats were divided into six groups. Diabetes was induced using STZ (55 mg/kg). Seven days after STZ administration, the diabetic animals were treated daily with ESTE, ESHFF, or metformin (MET) as a standard anti-diabetic drug for 28 days. Blood and tissues samples were collected for biochemical, molecular, and histological investigations. Both ESTE and ESHFF demonstrated anti-diabetic properties, as evidenced by lowering glucose levels and increasing the levels of insulin, insulin receptor expression rate, and glycogen synthesis. Additionally, ESTE as well as ESHFF alleviated diabetic complications in the kidneys and liver by decreasing oxidative stress, modulating inflammatory mediators, and suppressing the apoptotic cascade along with correcting diabetic dyslipidemia. It could be deduced that Hail ES extracts could play a role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and diabetes-related lesions as well as oxidative damage in hepatic and renal tissues.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Flavonoides , Animales , Glucemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Flavonoides/metabolismo , Flavonoides/farmacología , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacología , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Hígado , Estrés Oxidativo , Extractos Vegetales/química , Ratas , Estreptozocina/metabolismo , Estreptozocina/farmacología , Estreptozocina/uso terapéutico , Tenrecidae
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