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1.
Brain Res Bull ; 205: 110812, 2023 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37951276

RESUMEN

Acoustic stimulation is one of the most influential techniques for distressing tinnitus, while how it functions to reverse neural changes associated with tinnitus remains undisclosed. In this study, our objective is to investigate alterations in brain networks to shed light on the enigma of acoustic intervention for tinnitus. We designed a 75-day long-term acoustic intervention experiment, during which chronic tinnitus patients received daily modulated acoustic stimulation with each session lasting 15 days. Every 15 days, professional tinnitus assessments were conducted, collecting both electroencephalogram (EEG) and tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) data from the patients. Thereafter, we investigated the changes in EEG network organizations during continuous acoustic stimulation and their progressive evolution throughout long-term therapy, alongside exploring the associations between the evolving changes of the network alterations and THI. Our current study findings reveal reorganization in alpha/beta long-range frontal-parietal-occipital connections as well as local frontal and parietal-occipital regions induced by acoustic stimulation. Furthermore, we observed a decrease in modulation effects as therapy sessions progressed. These alterations in brain networks reflect the reversal of tinnitus-related neural activities, particularly distress and perception; thus contributing to tinnitus rehabilitation through long-term modulation effects. This study provides unique insights into how long-term acoustic intervention affects the network organizations of tinnitus patients and deepens our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying tinnitus rehabilitation.


Asunto(s)
Acúfeno , Humanos , Estimulación Acústica/métodos , Acúfeno/terapia , Electroencefalografía , Lóbulo Parietal
2.
Anal Chim Acta ; 1280: 341869, 2023 Nov 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37858569

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The fruits and seeds of genus Amomum are well-known as medicinal plants and edible spices, and are used in countries such as China, India and Vietnam to treat malaria, gastrointestinal disorders and indigestion. The morphological differences between different species are relatively small, and technical characterization and identification techniques are needed. RESULTS: Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), combined with principal component analysis and two-dimensional correlation analysis were used to characterize the chemical differences of Amomum tsao-ko, Amomum koenigii, and Amomum paratsaoko. The targets and pathways for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in three species were predicted using network pharmacology and screened for the corresponding pharmacodynamic components as potential quality markers. The results of "component-target-pathway" network showed that (+)-Nerolidol, 2-Nonanol, α-Terpineol, α-Pinene, 2-Nonanone had high degree values and may be the main active components. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was further used to select for differential metabolites and was identified as a potential quality marker, 11 in total. PLS-DA and residual network (ResNet) classification models were developed for the identification of 3 species of the genus Amomum, ResNet model is more suitable for the identification study of large volume samples. SIGNIFICANCE: This study characterizes the differences between the three species in a visual way and also provides a reliable technique for their identification, while demonstrating the ability of FT-NIR spectroscopy for fast, easy and accurate species identification. The results of this study lay the foundation for quality evaluation studies of genus Amomum and provide new ideas for the development of new drugs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.


Asunto(s)
Amomum , Diabetes Mellitus , Plantas Medicinales , Amomum/química , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas/métodos , Plantas Medicinales/química , Frutas
3.
Research (Wash D C) ; 6: 0061, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36930757

RESUMEN

Heptamethine cyanines (Cy7) are one of the most important dyes in bioimaging and phototherapy, but they often suffer from poor photostability or limited photothermal conversion efficiency. Here, a facile molecular engineering approach to regulating the photophysical properties of Cy7 by metal ions is demonstrated. By innovatively modifying the nitrogen with functional groups, a novel terpyridine-grafted nitrogen-terminated Cy7 scaffold (denoted as CydtPy) was synthesized and exhibited tunable photophysical properties when chelating with various metal ions (Mn2+, Fe2+, etc.). In comparison with metal-ion-free PEGylated CydtPy (LET-11), Mn2+-chelated LET-11 (namely, LET-11-Mn) exhibited the increased fluorescence emission intensity, and Fe2+-chelated LET-11 (namely, LET-11-Fe) showed the enhanced photostability with ~2-fold increase in photothermal conversion efficiency. By simply switching the chelated metal ion species, LET-11-Mn or LET-11-Fe could be used for near-infrared fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, or photoacoustic imaging. Furthermore, LET-11-Fe displayed superior synergistic efficacy of photothermal therapy and chemodynamic therapy both in vitro and in vivo. This work not only provides a new strategy for regulating the photophysical properties of cyanine dyes but also establishes a versatile nanoplatform for cancer theranostics.

4.
Adv Mater ; 35(22): e2208097, 2023 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36893436

RESUMEN

The development of blood-brain barrier (BBB)-crossing phototheranostic agents in second near-infrared window (NIR-II), especially in the range of 1500-1700 nm (NIR-IIb), affords great opportunities for glioblastoma (GBM) management. Herein, an organic assembly (denoted as LET-12) with the maximum absorption peak at 1400 nm and emission peak at 1512 nm with trailing over 1700 nm through the self-assembly of organic small molecule IR-1064 is designed and subsequently decorated with choline and acetylcholine analogs. The LET-12 can effectively cross BBB through the brain's choline-like receptors-mediated transcytosis and accumulated in tumor tissues, thus achieving fluorescence/photoacoustic (FL/PA) duplex imaging of orthotopic GBM with ≈3.0 mm depth and a superior tumor-to-normal tissue signal ratio (20.93 ± 0.59 for FL imaging and 32.63 ± 1.16 for PA imaging, respectively). Owing to its good photothermal conversion ability, the LET-12 also can serve as a photothermal conversion agent, achieving obvious tumor repression of orthotopic murine GBM model after once treatment. The findings indicate that the LET-12 holds great potential for BBB-crossing NIR-IIb phototheranostics of orthotopic GBM. This self-assembly strategy of organic small molecules opens a new avenue for the construction of NIR-IIb phototheranostics.


Asunto(s)
Glioblastoma , Hipertermia Inducida , Nanopartículas , Neoplasias , Ratones , Animales , Glioblastoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Glioblastoma/terapia , Barrera Hematoencefálica , Neoplasias/terapia , Fluorescencia , Hipertermia Inducida/métodos , Fototerapia/métodos , Nanomedicina Teranóstica/métodos
5.
Front Oncol ; 13: 1301781, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38288106

RESUMEN

Background: Multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings are the gold standard of cancer treatment. However, the limited participation of multiple medical experts and the low frequency of MDT meetings reduce the efficiency and coverage rate of MDTs. Herein, we retrospectively report the results of an asynchronous MDT based on a cloud platform (cMDT) to improve the efficiency and coverage rate of MDT meetings for digestive tract cancer. Methods: The participants and cMDT processes associated with digestive tract cancer were discussed using a cloud platform. Software programming and cMDT test runs were subsequently conducted to further improve the software and processing. cMDT for digestive tract cancer was officially launched in June 2019. The doctor response duration, cMDT time, MDT coverage rate, National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines compliance rate for patients with stage III rectal cancer, and uniformity rate of medical experts' opinions were collected. Results: The final cMDT software and processes used were determined. Among the 7462 digestive tract cancer patients, 3143 (control group) were diagnosed between March 2016 and February 2019, and 4319 (cMDT group) were diagnosed between June 2019 and May 2022. The average number of doctors participating in each cMDT was 3.26 ± 0.88. The average doctor response time was 27.21 ± 20.40 hours, and the average duration of cMDT was 7.68 ± 1.47 min. The coverage rates were 47.85% (1504/3143) and 79.99% (3455/4319) in the control and cMDT groups, respectively. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines compliance rates for stage III rectal cancer patients were 68.42% and 90.55% in the control and cMDT groups, respectively. The uniformity rate of medical experts' opinions was 89.75% (3101/3455), and 8.97% (310/3455) of patients needed online discussion through WeChat; only 1.28% (44/3455) of patients needed face-to-face discussion with the cMDT group members. Conclusion: A cMDT can increase the coverage rate of MDTs and the compliance rate with National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for stage III rectal cancer. The uniformity rate of the medical experts' opinions was high in the cMDT group, and it reduced contact between medical experts during the COVID-19 pandemic.

6.
Molecules ; 27(15)2022 Jul 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35956745

RESUMEN

Pomegranate peel extract (PPE), which is abundant in polyphenols, holds immerse prospects for the treatment of airway infection. In this study, water and ethanol of 30%, 50%, and 80% were used to prepare PPE. A total of 18 phenols belonging to 8 categories of polyphenols were identified in PPE by HPLC-MS/MS. The PPE from the four extraction solvents possessed different antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Principal component analysis revealed that though total flavonoids (TFs), total polyphenols (TPs), and total tannins (TTs) were responsible for the reducing power of PPE, only TFs contributed to the effect of PPE in inhibiting lipid membrane peroxidation. TPs, TTs, and punicalagin were positively correlated with the antibacterial strength against S. aureus while TTs alone contributed to the inhibition of methicillin-resistant S. aureus, implying the crucial role of TT in suppressing bacteria. Meanwhile, TTs was associated with the prevention of IL-6 release. The PPE with higher contents of TPs, TTs, and punicalagin had a weaker capacity to decrease nitric oxide secretion. PPE of 30% ethanol gained the highest integrated score due to its stronger antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. It is a suitable candidate for the therapy of respiratory tract infection.


Asunto(s)
Lythraceae , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina , Granada (Fruta) , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Etanol , Flavonoides/análisis , Flavonoides/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Polifenoles/farmacología , Solventes , Staphylococcus aureus , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Taninos/farmacología
7.
Food Sci Nutr ; 10(4): 1051-1057, 2022 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35432975

RESUMEN

As potential biomass resources, biomass waste products have been considered worldwide in recent decades. Peony seed meal (PSM) is a kind of agricultural resource waste containing polyphenols, in particular flavonoids. In this study, the total flavonoids of PSM were extracted and purified by AB-8 macroporous resin (MR), the antioxidant activities of three extract fractions were evaluated, and the total flavonoids were encapsulated with alginate and chitosan by the complex coacervation method. After purification, the yield of total flavonoids was 11.32% and the content in the product increased to 42.89% ± 2.66. The antioxidant activities of three fractions on ·OH, DPPH, and ABTS assays exhibited the following descending order: ethanol elution fraction (ELF) > ethyl acetate extract fraction (EAF) > ethanol extract fraction (EEF). The single-factor assay showed that the encapsulated total flavonoid microcapsules (EFMs) were prepared with a chitosan concentration of 10 mg/ml, a sodium alginate concentration of 30 mg/ml, a calcium chloride concentration of 50 mg/ml, a ratio of sodium alginate to total flavonoids of 1:3, a flavonoid concentration of 40 mg/ml, and an encapsulation yield of 80.7%. Most microcapsules are smooth-faced, spherical and uniform in size ranging from 2 to 3 mm in diameter. In vitro release studies suggested that the EFM was stable at pH 1.2 and dissolved at pH 7.5. The result indicated that the EFM is worthy for the development of functional foods and supplements, and PSM could be a potential resource in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

8.
Environ Pollut ; 293: 118611, 2022 Jan 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34861336

RESUMEN

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly released into the aquatic environments because of their extensive use in consumer products and industrial applications. Some researchers have explored the toxicity of AgNPs to nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) cycles, but little is known about the role of aquatic plants in regulating the impact of AgNPs on these biogeochemical processes and related microorganisms. Here, two 90-day pot experiments were conducted to determine the effect of AgNPs on denitrification rates and greenhouse gas emissions in riparian wetland soils, with or without emergent plants (Typha minima Funck). As a comparison, the toxicity of equal concentration of AgNO3 was also determined. The results showed that AgNPs released a great quantity of free Ag+, most of which was accumulated in soils, while little (less than 2%) was absorbed by plant shoots and roots. Both AgNPs and AgNO3 could increase the soil redox potential and affect the growth and nutrient (N and phosphorus) uptake of plants. In soils with plants, there was no significant difference in denitrification rates and emissions of N2O and CH4 between control and AgNPs or AgNO3 treatments at all tested concentrations (0.5, 1 and 10 mg kg-1). However, low levels of AgNPs (0.5 mg kg-1) significantly enhanced CO2 emission throughout the experiment. Interestingly, in the absence of plants, a high dosage (10 mg kg-1) of AgNPs generally inhibited soil denitrification and stimulated the emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O in the short-term. Meanwhile, the abundance of key denitrifying genes (nirS and nirK) was significantly increased by exposure to 10 mg kg-1 AgNPs or AgNO3. Our results suggest that emergent plants can alleviate the short-term negative effects of AgNPs on N and C cycling processes in wetland soils through different pathways.


Asunto(s)
Biodegradación Ambiental , Gases de Efecto Invernadero , Nanopartículas del Metal , Plata , Microbiología del Suelo , Ciclo del Carbono , Desnitrificación , Nanopartículas del Metal/toxicidad , Microbiota/efectos de los fármacos , Nitrógeno/análisis , Ciclo del Nitrógeno , Óxido Nitroso , Plata/toxicidad , Suelo , Typhaceae , Humedales
9.
J Nanobiotechnology ; 19(1): 365, 2021 Nov 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34789274

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Tumor phototherapy especially photodynamic therapy (PDT) or photothermal therapy (PTT), has been considered as an attractive strategy to elicit significant immunogenic cell death (ICD) at an optimal tumor retention of PDT/PTT agents. Heptamethine cyanine dye (IR-780), a promising PDT/PTT agent, which can be used for near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence/photoacoustic (PA) imaging guided tumor phototherapy, however, the strong hydrophobicity, short circulation time, and potential toxicity in vivo hinder its biomedical applications. To address this challenge, we developed mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles (MPDA) with excellent biocompatibility, PTT efficacy, and PA imaging ability, facilitating an efficient loading and protection of hydrophobic IR-780. RESULTS: The IR-780 loaded MPDA (IR-780@MPDA) exhibited high loading capacity of IR-780 (49.7 wt%), good physiological solubility and stability, and reduced toxicity. In vivo NIR fluorescence and PA imaging revealed high tumor accumulation of IR-780@MPDA. Furthermore, the combined PDT/PTT of IR-780@MPDA could induce ICD, triggered immunotherapeutic response to breast tumor by the activation of cytotoxic T cells, resulting in significant suppression of tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the as-developed compact and biocompatible platform could induce combined PDT/PTT and accelerate immune activation via excellent tumor accumulation ability, offering multimodal tumor theranostics with negligible systemic toxicity.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos , Carbocianinas , Colorantes Fluorescentes , Indoles/química , Nanopartículas/química , Polímeros/química , Animales , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Carbocianinas/química , Carbocianinas/farmacocinética , Línea Celular Tumoral , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Colorantes Fluorescentes/farmacocinética , Neoplasias Mamarias Animales , Ratones , Fototerapia , Nanomedicina Teranóstica , Distribución Tisular
10.
Biomed Mater ; 16(2): 022007, 2021 02 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33470976

RESUMEN

Being a carbon-based hybrid, graphene-semiconductor composites have attracted considerable attention in recent decades owing to their potential features such as high photosensitivity, extended light absorption, and effective separation of charge carriers, thus have been regarded as a promising platform for environmental and biomedical applications, respectively. In this mini-review, we first summarized the recent advancements in the development of graphene-based semiconductor nanocomposites via sol-gel, solution mixing, in situ growth, hydrothermal, and solvothermal approaches, and then comprehensively reviewed their potential light activated cancer phototherapeutic applications. Finally, we rationally analyze the current challenges and new perspectives for the future development of more effective phototherapeutic nanoagents. We hope to offer enriched information to harvest the utmost fascinating properties of graphene as a platform to construct efficient graphene/semiconductor hybrids for cancer phototherapy.


Asunto(s)
Carbono/química , Grafito/química , Nanocompuestos/química , Nanomedicina/instrumentación , Nanomedicina/métodos , Neoplasias/terapia , Fototerapia/instrumentación , Fototerapia/métodos , Semiconductores , Animales , Humanos , Ensayo de Materiales , Ratones
11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33216716

RESUMEN

The acoustic stimulation influences of the brain is still unveiled, especially from the brain network point, which can reveal how interaction is propagated and integrated between different brain zones for chronic tinnitus patients. We specifically designed a paradigm to record the electroencephalograms (EEGs) for tinnitus patients when they were treated with consecutive acoustic stimulation neuromodulation therapy for up to 75 days, using the tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) to evaluate the tinnitus severity or the acoustic stimulation treatment efficacy, and the EEG to record the brain activities every 2 weeks. Then, we used an EEG-based coherence analysis to investigate if the changes in brain network consistent with the clinical outcomes can be observed during 75-days acoustic treatment. Finally, correlation analysis was conducted to study potential relationships between network properties and tinnitus handicap inventory score change. The EEG network became significantly weaker after long-term periodic acoustic stimulation treatment, and tinnitus handicap inventory score changes or the acoustic stimulation treatment efficacy are strongly correlated with the varying brain network properties. Long-term acoustic stimulation neuromodulation intervention can improve the rehabilitation of chronic tinnitus patients, and the EEG network provides a relatively reliable and quantitative analysis approach for objective evaluation of tinnitus clinical diagnosis and treatment.


Asunto(s)
Acúfeno , Estimulación Acústica , Encéfalo , Electroencefalografía , Humanos , Resultado del Tratamiento
12.
Adv Mater ; 32(48): e2004481, 2020 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33015905

RESUMEN

Simultaneous photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) can reduce the risks of drug leakage, body burden, and preparation complexity in traditional combination PDT/PTT. Here, a versatile nanoporphyrin (Pp18-lipos) self-assembled from lipid-purpurin 18 conjugates (Pp18-lipids) and pure lipids is presented. The as-prepared Pp18-lipos with 2 mol% Pp18-lipids can perform effective PDT and fluorescence imaging. The Pp18-lipos with 65 mol% Pp18 can perform potent PTT and photoacoustic imaging. The chelation of Mn2+ endows the Pp18-lipids-Mn2+ a high T1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging contrast. Notably, pretreatment of low-dose PDT facilitates the endocytosis and tumor accumulation of Pp18-lipos, thus achieving synergistic PDT/PTT. Upon exposure to a single 705 nm-laser, the combination of PDT/PTT achieves a significantly higher tumor growth inhibition rate than PDT or PTT alone. In addition, it is found that the synergistic PDT/PTT triggers more potent anti-tumor immune response including tumor infiltration of immune cells and release of related cytokines.


Asunto(s)
Inmunomodulación/efectos de los fármacos , Rayos Láser , Nanomedicina/métodos , Nanoestructuras/química , Fototerapia/métodos , Porfirinas/química , Porfirinas/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Porfirinas/uso terapéutico
13.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 45(13): 3079-3084, 2020 Jul.
Artículo en Chino | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32726014

RESUMEN

The systematic breeding method was adopted to breed a new good cultivar of Curcuma longa, named "Chuanjianghuang 1". From 2014 to 2015, two consecutive years of multi-point test were carried out in Shuangliu, Chongzhou and Wenjiang. The biological characters, phenology, agronomic characters, yield and quality indexes of "Chuanjianghuang 1" were comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that compared with local traditional species, the rhizome yield of the new cultivar "Chuanjianghuang 1" increased by 20.61%.The average content of volatile oil was higher than 24.17% and the average content of curcumin in root tuber was higher than 26.62%. The yield of root tuber increased by 54.59%.The average content of volatile oil is higher than 36.28% and the average content of curcuminoids is higher than 25.31%. Compared with "Huangsi Yujin 1", "Chuanjianghuang 1" increased the average yield of rhizome by 123.68%,the volatile oil increased by an average of 7.69%and the curcumin content increased by an average of 58.23%. The average content of volatile oil is higher than 52.82% and the average content of curcuminoids in root tuber was higher than 38.34%. The new variety "Chuanjianghuang 1" has better yield than the local traditional species, and the internal quality of rhizome and root tuber is better. Compared with "Huangsi Yujin 1", the yield of rhizome is significantly increased, and the internal quality of rhizome and root tuber is better, especially the content of curcumin in rhizome and curcuminoids in root tuber is significantly higher than that of "Huangsi Yujin 1". "Chuanjianghuang 1" is high yield, good quality, good stability and strong adaptability, which is suitable for cultivation and promotion in Chengdu Jinma River Basin, such as Shuangliu, Chongzhou, Wenjiang.


Asunto(s)
Diarilheptanoides , Aceites Volátiles , Cruzamiento , Curcuma , Rizoma
14.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 12(23): 26432-26443, 2020 Jun 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32429664

RESUMEN

The development of a highly effective photosensitizer (PS) that can be activated with a low-power single light is a pressing issue. Herein, we report a PS for synergistic photodynamic and photothermal therapy constructed through self-assembly of poly(selenoviologen) on the surface of core-shell NaYF4:Yb/Tm@NaYF4 upconversion nanoparticles. The hybrid UCNPs/PSeV PS showed strong ROS generation ability and high photothermal conversion efficiency (∼52.5%) under the mildest reported-to-date irradiation conditions (λ = 980 nm, 150 mW/cm2, 4 min), leading to a high efficiency in killing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) both in vitro and in vivo. Remarkably, after intravenous injection, the reported PS accumulated preferentially in deep MRSA-infected tissues and achieved an excellent therapeutic index. This PS design realizes a low-power single-NIR light-triggered synergistic phototherapy and provides a simple and versatile strategy to develop safe clinically translatable agents for efficient treatment of deep tissue bacterial inflammations.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Nanopartículas/uso terapéutico , Compuestos de Organoselenio/uso terapéutico , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/uso terapéutico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Viológenos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/efectos de la radiación , Fluoruros/química , Fluoruros/efectos de la radiación , Hipertermia Inducida/métodos , Rayos Infrarrojos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Nanopartículas/química , Nanopartículas/efectos de la radiación , Compuestos de Organoselenio/química , Compuestos de Organoselenio/efectos de la radiación , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/química , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/efectos de la radiación , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/efectos de la radiación , Polímeros/uso terapéutico , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Tulio/química , Tulio/efectos de la radiación , Viológenos/química , Viológenos/efectos de la radiación , Iterbio/química , Iterbio/efectos de la radiación , Itrio/química , Itrio/efectos de la radiación
15.
Sci Rep ; 9(1): 20171, 2019 12 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31882930

RESUMEN

Anoectochilus roxburghii and Anoectochilus formasanus are the major species of genus Anoectochilus used in traditional Chinese medicine for their abundant content of flavonoids and some other medicinal constituents. In recent years, their wild resources are gradually exhausted due to over-collection and ecological deterioration. Artificial cultivation and tissue culture are employed to increase production. In this study, the open reading frame, promoter and genomic sequences of the chalcone synthase (CHS) gene were cloned from these two species according to their transcriptome information, and used for expression analysis in response to the induction of phenylalanine, ultraviolet light and NaCl, and its effect investigation on accumulation of flavonoids. The results showed that the expression of the CHS genes was upregulated in response to these inductions and resulted in increasing accumulation of total flavonoids. However, the increased flavonoids induced by phenylalanine and ultraviolet light were mainly allocated into the anthocyanidin branch of flavonoids biosynthesis. Not only did it improved the medicinal value, but might have inhibitory effect on plant growth because of the increased malondialdehyde accumulation. Under the induction of appropriate concentration of NaCl, the medicinal constituents of flavonoids were increased without inhibition to plant growth.


Asunto(s)
Aciltransferasas/genética , Aciltransferasas/metabolismo , Flavonoides/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Plantas Medicinales/genética , Plantas Medicinales/metabolismo , Aciltransferasas/química , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Clonación Molecular , Filogenia
16.
J Mater Chem B ; 7(1): 143-149, 2019 01 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32254958

RESUMEN

To overcome the unfavorable effects of the hydrophobicity of drugs and cancer resistance, mesoporous NiS2 nanospheres (mNiS2 NSs) have been successfully developed here to package hydrophobic camptothecin (CPT) and realize the synergistic photothermal-chemotherapy of cancer. The mNiS2 NSs which were prepared through a facile solvothermal method here exhibited not only considerable near-infrared (NIR) absorption and good photothermal conversion efficiency as high as 44.6%, but also achieved a NIR light induced CPT release property which were both beneficial for improving the cancer cell-killing efficacy. After a short period of NIR light illumination, a significant intensified cell killing efficacy was observed when 4T1 or HepG2 cancer cells were incubated with CPT@mNiS2 NSs. Thus, mNiS2 NSs have been demonstrated here to have potential as a novel NIR light-responsive hydrophobic drug delivery nanoplatform for realizing synergistic cancer treatment.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Terapia Combinada/métodos , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , Nanosferas/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Camptotecina/administración & dosificación , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Liberación de Fármacos , Quimioterapia/métodos , Células Hep G2 , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana , Humanos , Níquel/química , Fototerapia/métodos
17.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 647-652, 2017.
Artículo en Chino | WPRIM | ID: wpr-779642

RESUMEN

Persicae semen has been used for years as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat diseases. Because of their similar morphologies, Persicae semen was commonly inadvertently mixed with Armeniacae semen amarum (a toxic herbal seed). Development of a reliable method for discriminating Persicae semen from its adulterant is necessary to reduce confusion for the drug safety in clinical practices. This study evaluates the efficiency of high-resolution melting (HRM) combined with internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) to analyze Persicae semen. Our findings show that HRM allows not only the identification of adulteration but also the quantification of the most common admixture. HRM sensitivity in adulterant detection was assessed through the analysis of mixing samples with different proportions of Prunus persica and Prunus armeniaca control. The results are presented as a linear regression with r of 0.96 and imply the capability of the method to detect adulteration. In particular, HRM detected seeds of Prunus persica in Prunus armeniaca at concentrations as low as 1%, and commercial products labeled as ‘Persicae semen’ were purchased from markets and could rapid authenticated by HRM analyses. This study is significant in the verification of the authenticity in the quality control of herbal medicine. In the near future, it is promising to be the main trend for identifying traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

18.
Pharm Biol ; 54(10): 2276-81, 2016 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26971783

RESUMEN

Context Although olive mill wastewater (OMWW) is a good source of bioactive phenolic compounds, disposing OMWW is a serious environmental challenge. Production of wine via fermenting OMWW may be a promising alternative to deal with OMWW. However, whether or not olive wine from OMWW still reserves its original bioactivities remains unclear. Objective This study examines antioxidant activity of olive wine fermented from OMWW. Materials and methods Hydroxytyrosol in olive oil was determined by HPLC. Total flavonoid, total polyphenol and in vitro antioxidant activities were measured by spectrophotometry. Aged mice were intragastricly administered 7, 14 and 28 mL/kg olive wine consecutively for 30 d. Afterward, levels of malonaldehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, reduced glutathione (GSH) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assayed in mouse plasma and liver. Results Contents of hydroxytyrosol, total flavonoid and total polyphenol in olive wine were 0.14 ± 0.01, 0.29 ± 0.06 and 0.43 ± 0.03 mg/mL, respectively. The IC50 value of olive wine to scavenge DPPH and hydroxyl free radicals was 2.5% and 3.2% (v/v), respectively. Compared with the solvent control group, olive wine with a dose of 28 mL/kg remarkably lowered mouse MDA concentration in liver, and reduced protein carbonyl level in plasma (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, olive wine at doses of 7 and 28 mL/kg notably enhanced SOD activity in both mouse plasma and liver (p < 0.05). The beneficial effect on liver was superior to that of γ-tocopherol. Conclusion The study demonstrated that olive wine from OMWW has potential for treating oxidative stress-associated diseases.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/farmacología , Fermentación , Industria de Procesamiento de Alimentos , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Olea , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Alcohol Feniletílico/análogos & derivados , Aguas Residuales/química , Vino/análisis , Administración Oral , Animales , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Biomarcadores/sangre , Compuestos de Bifenilo/química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Frutas , Glutatión/sangre , Radical Hidroxilo/química , Hígado/metabolismo , Malondialdehído/sangre , Ratones , Olea/química , Alcohol Feniletílico/administración & dosificación , Alcohol Feniletílico/aislamiento & purificación , Alcohol Feniletílico/farmacología , Fitoterapia , Picratos/química , Plantas Medicinales , Carbonilación Proteica , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangre
19.
Acc Chem Res ; 49(4): 635-45, 2016 Apr 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27015079

RESUMEN

α-Amino acids (αAA) are one of the most useful chiral building blocks for synthesis. There are numerous general strategies that have commonly been used for αAA synthesis, many of which employ de novo synthesis focused on enantioselective bond construction around the Cα center and others that consider conversion of existing αAA precursors carrying suitable functional groups on side chains (e.g., serine and aspartic acid). Despite significant advances in synthetic methodology, the efficient synthesis of enantiopure αAAs carrying complex side chains, as seen in numerous peptide natural products, remains challenging. Complementary to these "conventional" strategies, a strategy based on the selective functionalization of side chain C-H bonds, particularly sp(3) hybridized C-H bonds, of various readily available αAA precursors may provide a more straightforward and broadly applicable means for the synthesis and transformation of αAAs. However, many hurdles related to the low reactivity of C(sp(3))-H bonds and the difficulty of controlling selectivity must be overcome to realize the potential of C-H functionalization chemistry in this synthetic application. Over the past few years, we have carried out a systematic investigation of palladium-catalyzed bidentate auxiliary-directed C-H functionalization reactions for αAA substrates. Our strategies utilize two different types of amide-linked auxiliary groups, attached at the N or C terminus of αAA substrates, to exert complementary regio- and stereocontrol on C-H functionalization reactions through palladacycle intermediates. A variety of αAA precursors can undergo multiple modes of C(sp(3))-H functionalization, including arylation, alkenylation, alkynylation, alkylation, alkoxylation, and intramolecular aminations, at the ß, γ, and even δ positions to form new αAA products with diverse structures. In addition to transforming αAAs at previously unreachable positions, these palladium-catalyzed C-H functionalization strategies enable new retrosynthetic logic for the synthesis of many basic αAAs from a common alanine precursor. This approach reduces the synthetic difficulty for many αAAs by bypassing the requirement for stereocontrol at Cα and relies on straightforward and convergent single-bond coupling transformations at the ß-methyl position of alanine to access a wide range of ß-monosubstituted αAAs. Moreover, these ß-monosubstituted αAAs can undergo further C-H functionalization at the ß-methylene position to generate various ß-branched αAAs in a stereoselective and programmable fashion. These new strategies offer readily applicable methods for synthesis of challenging αAAs and may facilitate the efficient total synthesis of complex peptide natural products.


Asunto(s)
Aminoácidos/química , Carbono/química , Hidrógeno/química , Paladio/química , Aminoácidos/síntesis química , Catálisis , Enlace de Hidrógeno , Péptidos/química
20.
Yao Xue Xue Bao ; 51(10): 1638-42, 2016 10.
Artículo en Chino | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29932620

RESUMEN

High-resolution-melting analysis (HRM) is a new technology derived from q PCR and is widely used in the study of polymorphism, genotyping, and single nucleotide mutation. Advantages of HRM include cost-effectiveness and time-efficiency over PCR-based genotyping. However, the application of HRM in the authentication of herbal products is still limited with few studies on the classification and identification of herbal products. In this study, Cimicifugae Rhizoma was used as an example to verify the stability and accuracy of HRM technique in identification of Chinese materia medica. HRM assay was established for identification based on ITS2 region of Cimicifugae Rhizomas and its adulterants(including 41 samples). Our findings showed that HRM allows not only the identification of adulteration but also the quantification of the most common admixture. This study is significant for better quality in the verification of the authenticity of herbal medicine. The method is promising for future identification of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.


Asunto(s)
Cimicifuga/clasificación , Contaminación de Medicamentos , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Rizoma/química , Cimicifuga/química , ADN de Plantas/genética , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/normas , Plantas Medicinales/química , Plantas Medicinales/clasificación , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa
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