RESUMEN
Selenium (Se) deficiency brings about defects in the biosynthesis of several selenoproteins and has been associated with aberrant chondrogenesis. Selenocysteine (Sec) Insertion Sequence (SECIS) and SECIS binding protein 2 (SBP2) interaction is a very critical node for the metabolic balance between Se and selenoproteins. The Gpx1, Gpx4 and SelS have different binding affinities with SBP2 in cells. According to our results, both miR-181a-5p and SBP2 appeared to be selenium-sensitive and regulated the expression of selenoproteins in C28/I2 cells under Se sufficient environment. However, they showed significantly opposite expression trend in Se deficiency rats cartilage and SeD C28/I2 cells. The SBP2 is a direct target gene of miR-181a-5p in C28/I2 cells as determined by reporter gene and off-target experiments. And the miR-181a-5p could regulate SBP2 and the selenoproteins in C28/I2 cells. Depending upon the Se supply levels, C28/I2 cells were divided into three groups, that is normal Se, SeD and SeS, which underwent through a 7-day Se deprivation process, then SBP2 was knocked-down and overexpressed in all the groups. Moreover, the selected selenoproteins were down-regulated in second-generation low Se diet rat cartilage. The selenoproteins expression was decreased by Se deficiency which depended on the Selenium-sensitive miR-181a-5p to participate and regulate SBP2 at post-transcriptional level. It involves a series of antioxidant and ECM (extracellular matrix) genes, to overcome the ROS-related stress for the protection of essential physiological functions and to maintain the balance between anabolism and catabolism of the cartilage.