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Medicinas Complementárias
Métodos Terapéuticos y Terapias MTCI
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1.
Mol Nutr Food Res ; 61(10)2017 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28726277

RESUMEN

SCOPE: Chronic inflammation plays a major role in the formation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. To clarify the mode of action of aged garlic extract (AGE) to retard atherosclerosis, we investigated whether AGE suppresses the inflammation in apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-KO) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS: ApoE-KO mice were fed standard diet with or without 3% AGE for 12 wk. AGE feeding inhibited the progression of atherosclerotic lesion by 27% and reduced the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2 ), a marker of platelet activation, in serum by 39 and 33%, respectively, compared to ApoE-KO mice without AGE treatment. AGE treatment also decreased the level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), a major stimulus inducing CRP production, in the liver by 35%. AGE decreased the level of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) by 60% and almost doubled the level of phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) in the liver. CONCLUSION: The anti-atherosclerotic effect of AGE involves the suppression of inflammation by reducing the serum level of CRP and TXB2 , and the protein level of TNF-α and IRAK4, and increasing AMPK activity in liver.


Asunto(s)
Ajo/química , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP/sangre , Animales , Aterosclerosis/prevención & control , Biomarcadores/sangre , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Dieta , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Inflamación/sangre , Quinasas Asociadas a Receptores de Interleucina-1/sangre , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Noqueados para ApoE , Extractos Vegetales/sangre , Tromboxano B2/sangre , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre
2.
J Nat Med ; 71(1): 249-256, 2017 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27766480

RESUMEN

Aged garlic extract (AGE), a garlic preparation rich in water-soluble cysteinyl moieties, has been reported to have multiple beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease including inhibition of platelet aggregation. However, the mode of AGE action on platelets has not been clear. In this study, we examined the effect of AGE on the functional property of platelet by administering AGE to rats and evaluating the platelet aggregation in response to collagen in vitro. We found that AGE treatment significantly reduced the ability of platelet to aggregate and this effect of AGE was manifested on the 14 day, but not 7 day of treatment. In addition, AGE treatment produced platelets that responded to collagen by significantly increasing the amount of both the extracellular ATP and the extra- and intracellular TXB2. AGE treatment also dose-dependently suppressed the phosphorylation of collagen-induced ERK, p38 and JNK. However, AGE administration did not affect the bleeding time. These findings suggest that AGE treatment results in suppression of platelet aggregation by changing the functional property of platelets to respond to collagen.


Asunto(s)
Plaquetas/efectos de los fármacos , Ajo/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/farmacología , Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Humanos , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar
3.
J Nutr ; 146(2): 460S-463S, 2016 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26764329

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Aged garlic extract (AGE) has been shown to retard the progression of coronary calcification in patients with coronary artery disease. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the mechanism of AGE's action to retard atherosclerosis, we investigated whether AGE suppresses the formation and progression of atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E (Apoe)-knockout (ApoE-KO) mice. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice (control mice, 5 wk old) were fed a standard diet, whereas male ApoE-KO mice (5 wk old) were fed a standard diet with or without 3% AGE for 12 or 24 wk. After the treatment, blood samples, aortas, and spleens were collected from all mice. Concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides (TGs) in serum were measured. The area of atherosclerotic lesion in the aorta was examined by Oil Red O staining. The relative abundances of monocytes plus macrophages (CD11b(+) cells) and interferon-γ-producing CD4(+) T cells in spleen were assessed by flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS: The atherosclerotic lesion areas in the aortas of ApoE-KO mice were 87 and 114 times as great (P < 0.01) as those in control mice at 12 and 24 wk, respectively. AGE feeding significantly inhibited the progression of atherosclerotic lesion area in ApoE-KO mice by 22% (P < 0.05) at 12 wk. In addition, serum concentrations of TC and TGs in ApoE-KO mice were significantly higher than those in control mice at 12 and 24 wk. Treatment with AGE significantly suppressed the increases in serum concentrations of TC and TGs in ApoE-KO mice by 21% (P < 0.05) and 19% (P < 0.05) at 24 wk, respectively, and reduced the relative abundance of CD11b(+) cells in ApoE-KO mice by 24% (P < 0.05) at 12 wk. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the antiatherosclerotic activity of AGE is at least partly due to the suppression of inflammation and lipid deposition in the vessels during the early stage of atherosclerotic development in ApoE-KO mice.


Asunto(s)
Aterosclerosis/prevención & control , Colesterol/sangre , Ajo , Inflamación/prevención & control , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Triglicéridos/sangre , Animales , Aorta/patología , Apolipoproteínas E/sangre , Aterosclerosis/sangre , Aterosclerosis/etiología , Aterosclerosis/patología , Antígenos CD11/metabolismo , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Inflamación/sangre , Inflamación/inmunología , Mediadores de Inflamación/sangre , Interferón gamma/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Noqueados , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Placa Aterosclerótica/sangre , Placa Aterosclerótica/etiología , Placa Aterosclerótica/prevención & control , Bazo/efectos de los fármacos , Linfocitos T/metabolismo
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