Dengzhan Shengmai inhibits nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via regulating intestinal microenvironment / 药学学报

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Dengzhan Shengmai (DZSM) against nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD). The animal experiment program was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The NAFLD model of Syrian golden hamsters was established by high fat diets. After 6 weeks of DZSM treatment, the serum lipid, hepatic lipid accumulation, liver function and inflammatory response were determined. The regulations of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids were detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method, respectively. The gut barrier function was evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blot and histopathological methods and further verified in HepG2 cells. The results showed that the efficacy of DZSM against NAFLD was remarkably reduced after removal of the gut microbiota. The study of mechanism showed that DZSM significantly regulated the composition of gut microbiota, promoted the production and absorption of intestinal short-chain fatty acids, then leading to the reduction of hepatic lipid accumulation. Moreover, after DZSM treatment, the decreased lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level by improving the intestinal barrier function significantly inhibited the hepatic inflammation through down-regulating Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)-nuclear factor kappa B (NFKB) signaling pathway. These results indicate that DZSM inhibits NAFLD via regulating intestinal microenvironment.

Effect of Astragali Radix-Curcumae Rhizoma compatibility combined with 5-fluorouracil on Th17/Treg balance and tumor-related mRNA and protein expression in orthotopic xenograft model mice of CT26.WT colorectal carcinoma / 中国中药杂志

Astragali Radix-Curcumae Rhizoma(AR-CR) is a combination commonly used in the clinical treatment of tumors. Based on the T helper 17(Th17)/regulatory T cell(Treg) balance, the present study explored the possible mechanism of AR-CR combined with 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) on the tumor growth of orthotopic xenograft model mice of colorectal carcinoma. Ninety male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into nine groups, i.e., a blank group, a model group, a 5-FU group, high-, medium-, and low-dose AR-CR(2∶1) groups, and high-, medium-, and low-dose AR-CR+5-FU groups, with 10 mice in each group. The orthotopic xenograft model of CT26.WT colorectal carcinoma was induced in mice except those in the blank group. Twenty-four hours after the ope-ration, mice in the blank group and the model group received normal saline by gavage(10 mL·kg~(-1), once per day), and those in the 5-FU group received 5-FU by intraperitoneal injection(25 mg·kg~(-1), once every other day). Mice in the AR-CR groups received AR and CR decoctions by gavage(12, 6, and 3 g·kg~(-1), once a day) and those in the combination groups received AR and CR decoctions and 5-FU(doses and administration methods were the same as above). After intervention for three weeks, all mice were sacrificed and tumor tissues were collected. The tumor mass was weighed and the average tumor weight was calculated. The changing trend of Th17/Treg(%) in the CD4~+T lymphocytes of the spleen tissues of the mice in each group was detected. The mRNA expression in the blood and protein expression in the tumor tissues of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interferon-γ(IFN-γ), Smad4, N-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7) were detected. The experimental results revealed that compared with the model group, the groups with drug intervention showed reduced tumor mass(P<0.01), decreased CD4~+IL-17~+ in the spleen tissues to varying degrees(P<0.001), and increased proportion of CD4~+Foxp3~+(P<0.001 or P<0.05), indicating that Th17/Treg maintained dynamic balance, and the effect of the combination groups was predominant. Additionally, the mRNA expression in the blood and protein expression in the tumor tissues of TGF-β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, Smad4, N-cadherin, and MMP-7 declined to varying degrees in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.01 or P<0.001). The AR-CR combined with 5-FU can inhibit the tumor growth of orthotopic xenograft model mice of CT26.WT colorectal carcinoma. The mechanism may be related to maintenance of Th17/Treg dynamic balance in the body and down-regulation of TGF-β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, Smad4, N-cadherin, and MMP-7 expression.

Application of umbrella design and basket design in evidence-based research for traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

This paper introduced the basic definition, application scope, advantages and challenges of the master protocol, basket design, umbrella design and platform trial, and put forward the idea of using master protocol, basket design and umbrella design in Chinese medicine(CM) by considering the characteristics of CM and research experiences. The author pointed out that master protocol, basket design and umbrella design, as a high-efficiency research and design strategy, can be used in the clinical research on the treatment of the same disease with different therapies, the treatment of different diseases with the same therapy and the combination of diseases and CM syndromes. In particular, the exploration from the classification of CM syndromes can supplement the gaps in the cli-nical research on CM syndromes. In the application of such designs, it is also necessary to pay attention to their potential challenges and develop reasonable and feasible plans on research implementation, management and statistical analysis in advance to meet these challenges.

Bloodletting acupuncture at -well points along three- meridians of foot combined with acupuncture on migraine:a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the analgesic effect of bloodletting acupuncture at -well points along three- meridians of foot combined with routine acupuncture and simple routine acupuncture on migraine.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients with migraine were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one, of which, 4 cases were dropped out in the observation group, 1 case was dropped out in the control group. In the observation group, bloodletting acupuncture at -well points combined with routine acupuncture were applied. The bloodletting acupuncture was applied at corresponding -well points of three- meridians of foot [Lidui (ST 45), Zhiyin (BL 67), Zuqiaoyin (GB 44)] according to pain location. And routine acupuncture was adopted at Sizhukong (TE 23), Shuaigu (GB 8), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Fengchi (GB 20), Hegu (LI 4), Taichong (LR 3), Zulinqi (GB 41), Yanglingquan (GB 34) and Waiguan (TE 5). In the control group, routine acupuncture was applied, acupoint selection and operation were the same as the observation group. The treatment was given once a day, 30 min a time, 5 days as one course with 2 days interval, and 2 courses were required. Before treatment, immediately after needle withdrawal, 4 h after needle withdrawal and after 2 courses of treatment, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score was compared in the two groups. Before and after treatment, the migraine comprehensive score was observed in the two groups, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Immediately after needle withdrawal, 4 h after needle withdrawal and after 2 courses of treatment, the VAS scores in the two groups were decreased (0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Bloodletting acupuncture at -well points along three- meridians of foot combined with routine acupuncture and simple routine acupuncture have analgesic effect, and the combined therapy is superior to simple routine acupuncture.

Efficacy of Loulu Shengma Tang Combined with Azithromycin in Treating Children with Mycoplasma Pneumonia with Obstruction of Lung by Pathogenic Heat and Its Effect on Treg and Foxp3 mRNA / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Loulu Shengma Tang combined with azithromycin in the treatment of pediatric mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia（MPP） with obstruction of lung by pathogenic heat， and its effect on inflammatory factors， treg and Foxp3 mRNA. Method:Totally 274 children with MPP were divided into observation group （137 cases） and control group （137 cases）. Observation group was treated with Loulu Shengma Tang combined with azithromycin dry suspension， while control group was treated with azithromycin dry suspension alone. The changes of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndrome score of pathogenic-heat obstruction in the lung， serum inflammatory cytokines ［interleukin-6 （IL-6），interleukin-10 （IL-10），tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α），C-reactive protein （CRP）］， CD4+CD25+Treg， CD4+Foxp3+Treg and Foxp3 mRNA expressions were observed after treatment. The clinical efficacy and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups. Result:The total effective rate of observation group was 94.16%（129/137） after treatment， which was significantly higher than 77.37% （106/137）of observation group （P<0.05）. The disappearance times of cough， lung rale， fever and lung shadow in observation group were shorter than that in control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， TCM syndrome score of pathogenic-heat obstruction in lung was significantly higher than those in control group （P<0.05）， serum IL-6， IL-10， TNF-α and CRP levels in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while CD4+CD25+Treg， CD4+Foxp3+Treg and Foxp3 mRNA expressions were significantly higher than those in control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in observation group was 7/137 （5.11%）， which was significantly lower than 16/137 （11.68%） in control group. Conclusion:The clinical efficacy of Loulu Shengma Tang combined with azithromycin dry suspension in the treatment of pediatric MPP and its effect on serum inflammatory factors （IL-6， IL-10， TNF-α， CRP）， regulatory T cells and Foxp3 mRNA expressions were better than those of azithromycin dry suspension alone. The incidence of adverse reactions of Loulu Shengma Tang was lower than that of azithromycin dry suspension alone.

Therapeutic effect of "Zhishen-Tiaosui" acupuncture for the stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of "Zhishen-Tiaosui" acupuncture treatment for the stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect. Methods A total of 66 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into two groups, 33 in each group. The control group was treated with conventional body acupuncture, and the treatment group was treated with Zhishen-Tiaosui acupuncture treatment. Both groups were treated for 20 days and followed up for 8 weeks. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) was used to assess limb motor function, and the Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS) was used to assess the daily living ability and the extent of unilateral spatial neglect. The Modified Barthel Index (MBI) assesses the ability of daily living and evaluates clinical outcomes. Results After treatment, FMA (39.21 ± 8.96 vs. 26.34 ± 8.06, t=6.135), MBI (49.62 ± 10.19 vs. 40.18 ± 9.52, t=5.919) in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01), CBS (9.55 ± 4.68 vs. 18.20 ± 6.97, t=3.889) were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). Treatment group brain regions in the left frontal back, the left inferior frontal gyrus, left occipital in back to back to back to before the left temporal and temporal, left and right side of the anterior cingulate, back in the right frontal, cingulate gyrus of the left side, left precuneus activation intensity were significantly higher than the control group (t=4.615, 3.052, 3.644, 3.575, 3.152, 2.816, 2.579, 3.511, P<0.01). The total effective rate was 78.8% (26/33) in the treatment group and 54.5% (18/33) in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=5.657, P=0.017). Conclusions The Zhishen-Tiaosui can improve the blood circulation of the brain in the unilateral space of the stroke, enhance the cognitive function and exercise capacity, and improve the daily living ability.

acupuncture on the unilateral spatial neglect after stroke: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the clinical curative effect of acupuncture on unilateral spatial neglect (USN) after stroke.@*METHODS@#Sixty-four patients with left hemiplegia after the first stroke and diagnosed with unilateral spatial neglect after stroke in the right hemisphere were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 32 cases in each group. In the control group, conventional acupuncture was used at Jianyu (LI 15), Quchi (LI 11), Shousanli (LI 10), Waiguan (TE 5), Hegu (LI 4), Huantiao (GB 30), Yanglingquan (GB 34), Zusanli (ST 36) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on the affected side. In the observation group, acupuncture was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Fengfu (GV 16), Fengchi (GB 20), Xuanzhong (GB 39) and . The treatment was given once a day, 5 times as one course for 4 courses in both groups. The cancellation test, digit cancellation test, bisection line test, clock drawing test, and copying drawing test were used to assess the degree of unilateral spatial neglect, and the Fugl-Meyer motor function scores and the modified Barthel index (MBI) scores were compared before and after treatment in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the scores of cancellation test, digit cancellation test, bisection line test, clock drawing test and copying drawing test were significantly lower than those before treatment in the two groups (all <0.05), and the scores of the above unilateral spatial neglect after treatment in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (all <0.01). After treatment, the scores of Fugl-Meyer motor function and MBI in the two groups were significantly higher than before treatment (all <0.05), and the difference of MBI scores before and after treatment in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@# acupuncture can improve the cognition of unilateral spatial neglect in stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect, improve the degree of bilateral spatial neglect and the motor function of hemiplegic limbs, and positively promote the improvement of cognitive impairment and self-care ability in daily life.

Analysis of Animal Model with Clinical Disease Characteristics of Uterine Dysplasia / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Uterine dysplasia or naive uterus mainly refers to a pathological state in which the uterus volume is significantly smaller than normal after adolescence. It is a common gynecological disease, which is caused by low levels of hormones during development process. The main symptoms are delayed menstruation, scanty menstruation, dysmenorrhea and even amenorrhea, and often manifested as infertility after marriage. The article summarizes existing animal models of uterine dysplasia based on clinical symptom characteristics of uterine dysplasia according to clinical diagnostic standard of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine. According to etiology and pathogenesis of uterine dysplasia and diagnostic criteria of TCM and Western medicine, advantages and disadvantages and coincidence of animal models with characteristics of uterine dysplasia and clinical symptoms of uterine dysplasia were proposed. The corresponding animal model evaluation index system and existing uterine dysplasia animal models were proposed to improve ideas and methods. At present, there are not many methods for establishing uterus dysplasia models. The existing models of uterine dysplasia are pathological models based on western medicine indexes. The existing models reflect clinical situations of uterine dysplasia in some aspects, but there is no evaluation index system of uterine dysplasia model and animal model reflecting cause of TCM. Based on existing single-factor animal models, a composite animal model with clinical conditions and similar typical symptoms of human uterine dysplasia is established, which is more consistent with characteristics of clinical symptoms. At same time, it is focus of future researches to improve evaluation index system of uterine animal models and establish a combination model of dysplasia of uterus with TCM syndromes.

Status of Organism Factors in Occurrence of Toxicity of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Through analysis of factors affecting toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), relationship between toxicity of TCM and physical constitution was explored, which provided a new idea for preventing occurrence of toxicity of TCM. Efforts were made to summarize causes of toxicity of TCM, and analyze relationship between physical constitution and toxicity of TCM. following aspects were taken into account:①main reason for people to use TCM is disease, which is pathological state of human beings. The pathological state may have more demands for corresponding TCM. The TCM rule of "disease-based treatment" is an important manifestation for correlating drugs with syndromes. Then how can normal animals reflect human toxicity under pathological conditions. ②People with pathological conditions, especially with a long disease course, may have abnormal liver and kidney functions. Then how to distinguish cause of toxicity of TCM in liver and kidney dysfunctions.③The long-term disease state can also lead to disorder of intestinal flora of body. Then how is impact of interaction between intestinal flora and TCM reflected in toxicity of TCM.④Although emotional and psychological factors account for a small proportion of toxicity of TCM, it still has an effect.⑤Although humans and animals have a high degree of similarity, there are still species differences (such as croton). Then how is human clinical toxicity consistent with animal research toxicity. The efficacy is related to expectation, while toxicity is related to background. At present, toxicity of TCM is more caused by factors of TCM (such as variety, quality, processing), and factors of TCM application (like compatibility, drug correspondence, dosage, course of treatment), which are external causes of toxicity of TCM. physiological condition, pathological state, emotional and psychological factors, and intestinal flora of body are internal factors. The physical constitution factors are internal factors of toxicity of TCM, and external factors play a role based on internal factors. At the same time, there are essential differences between humans and animals. Animal toxicological experiments are only for clinical reference. By analyzing concepts related to toxicity of TCM and physical constitution factors, modern researches on toxic effects of TCM are also promoted accordingly, and TCM toxicity theory is also improved, which provides a scientific basis for safe and rational application of TCM in clinical practice. Of course, research on animal models under pathological conditions shall be strengthened to promote study of toxicity of TCMs, so as to deepen people's understanding of toxicity of TCMs.

Chinese Herbal Medicine Combined with Entecavir for HBeAg Positive Chronic Hepatitis B: Study Protocol for a Multi-Center, Double-Blind Randomized-Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The domestic prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in China is 7.18% in 2006, imposing great societal healthcare burdens. Nucleot(s)ide analogues (NUCs) anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) therapies are widely applied despite the relatively low rate of seroconversion and high risk of drug-resistant mutation. More effective treatments for CHB deserve further explorations. Combined therapy of NUCs plus Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is widely accepted in China, which is recognized as a prospective alternative approach. The study was primarily designed to confirm the hypothesis that Tiaogan-Yipi Granule (, TGYP) or Tiaogan-Jianpi-Jiedu Granule (, TGJPJD) plus entecavir tablet (ETV) was superior over ETV monotherapy in enhancing HBeAg loss rate.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study was a nationwide, large-scale, multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a designed duration of 108 weeks. A total of 16 hospitals and 596 eligible Chinese HBeAg positive CHB patients were enrolled from November 2012 to September 2013 and randomly allocated into 2 groups in 1:1 ratio via central randomization system: experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). Subjects in EG received CM formulae (TGYP or TGJPJD, 50 g per dose, twice daily) plus ETV tablet (or ETV placebo) 0.5 mg per day in the first 24 weeks (stage 1), and CHM granule plus ETV tablet (0.5 mg per day) from week 25 to 108 (stage 2). Subjects in CG received CHM Granule placebo plus ETV tablet (0.5 mg per day) for 108 weeks throughout the trial. The assessments of primary outcomes (HBV serum markers and HBV-DNA) were conducted by a third-party College of American Pathologists (CAP) qualified laboratory. Adverse effects were observed in the hospitals of recruitment.</p><p><b>DISCUSSION</b>The study was designed to compare the curative effect of CM plus ETV and ETV monotherapy in respect of HBeAg loss, which is recognized by the European Association for the Study of the Liver as "a valuable endpoint". We believe this trial could provide a reliable status for patients' "journey" towards durable responses after treatment discontinuation. The trial was registered before recruitment on Chinese Clinical trial registry (No. ChiCTR-TRC-12002784, Version 1.0, 2015/12/23).</p>

Exploring Chinese medicine and Western medicine group modules in acute phase of ischemic stroke disease / 中国中药杂志

Under the theoretical guidance of "combination of disease and syndrome， correspondence between syndrome and prescription， and dynamic space-time"， 11 135 acute ischemic stroke patients were collected from hospital information system(HIS) of many 3A grade hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine. Complex network analysis was adopted to obtain the core syndrome elements in different periods of acute ischemic stroke patients， and it was found that the core syndrome elements were blood stasis syndrome， phlegm， endogenous wind， Yin deficiency， Qi deficiency， heat， hyperactivity of liver Yang， liver， and kidney of patients in hospital for the first day， and during 8-14 d in hospitalization， the core syndrome elements were blood stasis， phlegm， Yin deficiency， Qi deficiency， endogenous wind， hyperactivity of liver Yang， liver， and kidney. The data with "improved" and "cured" treatment outcomes were adopted for complex network analysis and correlation analysis to identify the Chinese and Western medicine group modules in patients with different disease conditions in different phases after hospitalization. It was found that the Chinese and Western medicine modules within 14 d after hospitalization mainly included "blood-activating and stasis-dissolving module "consisted by "anti-platelet drug + circulation-improving medicine(or anticoagulant drug and anti-fibrinogen drug， et al) + blood-activating and stasis-dissolving drugs"， as well as "stasis-dissolving and phlegm-reducing module" consisted by "anti-platelet drugs + circulation-improving medicine(or anticoagulant drug and anti-fibrinogen drug， et al) + phlegm refreshing drug". The core Chinese and Western medicine modules in patients with urgent and general conditions within 7 d after hospitalization mainly used "blood-activating and stasis-dissolving module" and "stasis-dissolving and phlegm-reducing module". Three or more Chinese medicine and Western medicines module with more than 1% utilization rate was not found in the patients with critical disease condition in admission. The urgent， general and critically ill patients in admission mainly used "blood-activating and stasis-dissolving module" in 8-14 d. From the real world medical big data research， it was found that the combined use of Chinese and Western medicines were consistent with "combination of disease and syndrome， correspondence between syndrome and prescription， and dynamic space-time" theory， and multiple multidimensional dynamic Chinese medicine and Western medicine group modules of "patient-syndrome-drug-time-effective" at the acute ischemic stroke stage were dug out， forming the method of Chinese and Western medicine combination research based on electrical medical big data.

Processing of calamine with modern analytical techniques: Processed with Huanglian Decoction () and Sanhuang Decoction () / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the pyrolysis characteristics of calcined and processed calamine, qualitatively and quantitatively compare the contents of related elements, morphology and functional groups of the pyrolysis products dried at different heating temperatures and explore the critical temperature and the optimal drying temperature for the process of calamine with Huanglian Decoction (HLD, ) and San Huang Decoction (SHD, ).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Pyrolysis products were prepared by programmable and constantly heating the calcined and processed calamine to or at different heating temperatures. Thermogravimetry (TG) was used to test their pyrolysis characteristics. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopeenergy dispersive spectrometer were used to determine their morphology, functional groups and element contents. Page model was used to investigate the constant drying kinetics of processed calamine.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The adding of HLD or SHD to calcined calamine (CC) can slow its weight loss in drying pyrolysis process. The temperature ranges where HLD and SHD can affect its weight loss were 65-150 °C and 74-180 °C, respectively. The drying temperature was optimized as 90 °C. The drying kinetic for the processed calamine fits Page model shows good linearity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Conclusions: The critical temperature and the optimal drying temperature where HLD and SHD can affect the weight loss rate in the process of calamine were explored using the theories and methods of both biophysical chemistry and processing of Chinese materia medica. This work provides a good example for the study of the process of other Chinese medicines using modern analytical techniques.</p>

Influence of Workplace Mindfulness on Emotional Exhaustion of Nursing Staffs in Public Hospital / 中国医院管理

Objective In this study,workplace mindfulness was introduced into the field of nursing management research firstly,and to explore the impact and mechanism of workplace mindfulness on emotional exhaustion of nursing staffs.Methods A cross-section survey method was performed with a self-management questionnaire,using the multiple line hierarchical regression analysis method to test the relations between variables.Results The level of workplace mindfulness of nurse is high (M=4.74,SD=0.63);Workplace mindfulness had a significantly negative prediction on emotional exhaustion (β=-0.333,P＜0.01) of nurse.Conclusion Workplace mindfulness with the high level could significantly reduced nurses' risk of emotional exhaustion,workplace mindfulness has positive significant for maintaining the nurses' health and work-related outcome.

Clinical Observation of Predominant Clinical Efficacy of Xiang Sha Liujunzi Decoction for Treatment of Chronic Gastritis / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To investigate the predominant clinical efficacy of syndrome differentiation treatment with Xiang Sha Liujunzi Decoction in treating chronic gastritis by observing its curative effect on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) symptoms and gastroscopy of chronic gastritis pationts . Methods Ninety cases of chronic gastritis patients were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,each group having 45 cases. The control group received Omeprazole Tablets combined with Domperidone Tablets orally,4 weeks constituting a course of treatment. For the patients in the control group with Helicobacter pylori(HP)positive,Amoxicillin Capsules and Metronidazole Tablets were added, and the antibiotics were suspended after one week. The treatment group was given syndrome differentiation treatment with Xiang Sha Liujunzi Decoction on the basis of treatment for the control group. After one course of treatment,the scores of TCM symptoms were evaluated and the gastroscopy was re-examined. Results (1)After one course of treatment, the total effective rate for TCM symptoms in the treatment group was 93.3%, and that in the control group was 66.7%, the difference being statistically significant(P < 0.05).(2)The total effective rate for gastroscopy in the treatment group was 86.7%, and that in the control group was 68.9%,the difference being statistically significant(P < 0.05).(3)The results of Mann-Whitney U rank-sum test showed that the effects on TCM symptoms were superior to the effects on gastroscopy in the treatment group, the difference being statistically significant(Z=-1.974, P < 0.05). However, the differences of the two kinds of clinical efficacy in the control group were not statistically significant(Z =-0.662, P > 0.05), indicating that the application of Chinese medicine in the treatment group had obvious effect on relieving TCM symptoms. Conclusion Compared to western medicine alone, syndrome differentiation treatment with Xiang Sha Liujunzi Decoction plus western medicine can enhance the therapeutic effect in treating chronic gastritis. The application of Chinese medicine alone or combined with western medicine exerts predominant efficacy on relieving TCM symptoms of chronic gastritis patients,in particular for the patients mainly with the manifestations of self-perceived discomforts.

Study on electroacupuncture along the visual conductive pathway for ocular cell apoptosis in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protective effect of electroacupuncture (EA) along the visual conductive pathway for the optic nerve tissue of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) in terms of the structure and apoptosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The AION model of right eye was established with laser in 48 New Zealand white ear rabbits. All rabbits were randomly divided into a model group, an acupuncture group and an acupuncture combined with EA group, 16 rabbits in each one. Other 16 normal left eyes were selected as a blank group. Acupuncture and EA of 30 min were used in the corresponding groups for 3 days at the right "Cuanzhu" (BL 2), "Yuyao" (EX-HN 4) and "Qiaomingxue" (Extra), once a day. There was no intervention in the model group and the blank group. The morphological structure and retinal thickness of lining of the optic nerve were detected with HE stain. The expressions of the Bcl-2 and Bax in the retina were detected with immunohistochemistry. And the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the retina was detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the model group, the ganglion cell layer revealed hyperplasia and disorder, and the retina ganglion cells revealed loose arrangements, thin inner nuclear layers, and reduction of cell amounts, some long parts missing cells. However, the above structural damages were much weaker in the acupuncture group and acupuncture combined with EA group. The inner layer of the retina in the model group was thinner than that in the blank group (<0.05). That in the acupuncture combined with EA group showed significant better results than those in the acupuncture and model groups (both<0.05), which was not statistically different from that in the normal group (>0.05). The Bcl-2 count in the model group was lower than that in the blank group (<0.05), and that in the acupuncture combined with EA group was better than those in the acupuncture and model groups (both<0.05), not significantly different from that in the blank group (>0.05). The number of Bax in the model group was higher than that in the blank group (<0.05), and that in the acupuncture combined with EA group was lower than those in the acupuncture and model groups (both<0.05), and was similar to that in the blank group (>0.05). Bcl-2/Bax in the model group was lower than that in the blank group (<0.05). The value in the acupuncture combined with EA group presented better than those in the acupuncture and model groups (both<0.05), which had no difference from that in the blank group (>0.05). TNF-α in the model group was higher than that in the blank group (<0.05), and no such differences were detected between other groups and the model group (both>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>EA along the visual conductive pathway is protective to some extent for optic nerve tissue, which can increase the expression of Bcl-2 and reduce the expression of Bax so as to restrain ganglion cell apoptosis.</p>

Therapeutic Observation of Wheat-sized Moxibustion for Epigastric Pain Due to Deficient Cold of Spleen and Stomach / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of wheat-sized moxibustion in treating epigastric pain due to deficient cold of spleen and stomach. Method Fifty-six patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 28 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by wheat-sized moxibustion; the control group was by orally taking Omeprazole enteric-coated tablets. For both groups, 7 treatment sessions were taken as a course, and the therapeutic efficacies were evaluated after 2 courses. Result There were significant differences in comparing the total effective rate, pain score, and relapse rate between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion It can be confirmed that wheat-sized moxibustion is effective in treating epigastric pain due to deficient cold of spleen and stomach, and it can effectively lower the relapse rate and significantly reduce the sufferings brought by the recurred symptoms.

Study Progress in DNA Barcode of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国药师

The numerous noxious reactions caused by misusing medicinal plant ingredients have been widely concerned at home and abroad. The problems of safe drug use needed to be solved. DNA barcode is a powerful molecular identification method, which can cover the shortage of tradditional morphological and chemical identification. In recent years, DNA barcode provided new aspects for the identification of Chinese herbal medicines and have obtained outstanding achievement. Several popular DNA regions ( ITS, ITS2, ps-bA-trnH, rbcL and matK) have been used for the identification of Chinese herbs.

Overview on application of metabonomics in study on Chinese materia medica property theory / 中草药

Metabonomics as an important component of systems biology, the research idea is similar to the overall concept in the research of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In recent years, with the vigorous development of metabonomics, its application is more and more widely in modern research of Chinese material medica (CMM). In this paper, based on the introduction of origin, development, research content, and method of metabonomics, and at the same time its application on medicinal properties in TCM theory, including four Qi, five tastes, meridian entry, direction of medicinal actions (upward, downward, outward, and inward), toxicity, compatibility of medicines, and the contraindication of application, are summarized. The preliminary analysis and sums up of research problems and development trend on the metabonomics applying in TCM property theory have been brought forward.

Effect of Zhuangyao Jianshen Wan (ZYJCW) on P2X1 and P2X3 mRNA expressions in rats with diuresis caused by kidney deficiency / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the urination-reducing effect and mechanism of Zhuangyao Jianshen Wan (ZYJCW). In this study, SI rats were subcutaneously injected with 150 mg · kg(-1) dose of D-galactose to prepare the sub-acute aging model and randomly divided into the model group, the Suoquan Wan group (1.17 g · kg(-1) · d(-1)), and ZYJCW high, medium and low dose groups (2.39, 1.20, 0.60 g · kg(-1) · d(-1)) , with normal rats in the blank group. They were continuously administered with drugs for eight weeks. The metabolic cage method was adopted to measure the 24 h urine volume and 5 h water load urine volume in rats. The automatic biochemistry analyzer was adopted to detect urine concentrations of Na+, Cl-, K+. The ELISA method was used to determine serum aldosterone (ALD) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The changes in P2X1 and P2X3 mRNA expressions in bladder tissues of rats were detected by RT-PCR. According to the results, both ZYJCW high and medium dose groups showed significant down-regulations in 24 h urine volume and 5 h water load urine volume in (P <0.05, P <0.01), declines in Na+ and Cl- concentrations in urine (P <0.01), notable rises in plasma ALD and ADH contents (P <0.05, P <0.01) and remarkable down-regulations in the P2X1 and P2X3 mRNA expressions in bladder tissues (P <0.01). The ZYJCW low dose group revealed obvious reductions in Na+ and Cl- concentrations in urine (P <0.01). The results indicated that ZYJCW may show the urination-reducing effect by down-regulating the P2X1 and P2X3 mRNA expressions in bladder tissues of rats with diuresis caused by kidney deficiency.

Study on identification of four kinds of Gentianaceae Mongolian medicine Digeda with spectroscopy techniques / 中国中药杂志

To study the identification of Gentianaceae Mongolian medicine Digeda with spectroscopy techniques, near infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry techniques were applied to study on the identification of 4 kinds of Gentianaceae Mongolian medicine Digeda, and characteristic spectrums obtained were systematically analyzed. In NIR study, the four species of Digeda exist some differences in 4 250-4 400 cm(-1) and 5 650-5 800 cm(-1) of one-dimensional spectra, and show significant differences in 4 100- 4 400 cm(-1), 4 401-4 900 cm(-1) and 5 400-5 800 cm(-1) of the second derivative spectra. DSC curves of them present distinct topological pattern, characteristic peak and peak temperature. Using near infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry analysis can realize efficient and accurate identification of four kinds of Mongolian medicine Digeda, and provide scientific basis for the efficient and accurate identification of other Gentianaceae Mongolian medicine Digeda.