RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Lameness is one of the major causes of reduced physical performance and early retirement in working horses. TamaFlex™ (NXT15906F6) is a standardized synergistic anti-inflammatory botanical formulation containing Tamarindus indica seed extract and Curcuma longa rhizome extract at a 2:1 ratio. METHODS: We conducted a 12-week single-center, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial demonstrating the efficacy of NXT15906F6 in horses with lameness grade 2-4 on the American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEP) scale. Twenty-two lame horses were supplemented with NXT15906F6 (2.5 gram/day) or placebo over a period of 84 days. Improvement in lameness over placebo was the primary endpoint, and changes in the levels of rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACC-peptide) in serum, and pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL-1ß and IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2 ) in serum and synovial fluid were the secondary endpoints. RESULTS: NXT15906F6 exhibited significant relief from lameness in a time-dependent manner. NXT15906F6 also reduced levels of ANA, PGE2 , IL-1ß, TNF-α and IL-6. Moreover, NXT15906F6 supplementation is safe and tolerable in alleviating joint pain in lame horses, and protects the joints from further degradation by reducing pro-inflammatory mediators. CONCLUSION: NXT15906F6 significantly reduces the lameness during walking and trotting, leading to an improvement in their joint flexibility, health, and working performances.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Caballos , Cojera Animal , Animales , Antiinflamatorios , Citocinas/uso terapéutico , Suplementos Dietéticos , Enfermedades de los Caballos/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de los Caballos/metabolismo , Caballos , Mediadores de Inflamación/uso terapéutico , Interleucina-6 , Cojera Animal/tratamiento farmacológico , Cojera Animal/prevención & control , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Prostaglandinas/uso terapéutico , Prostaglandinas E/uso terapéutico , Factor Reumatoide , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfaRESUMEN
Although the surgical extraction of the mandibular third molar is routinely performed in dental clinics, the precise management of complications associated with it requires thorough knowledge and experience in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Iatrogenic dislodgment of a tooth or its fragment is a rare complication and usually occurs when excessive, uncontrolled forces are applied via elevators. It also is possible that this rare complication may be underreported. This case report describes the retrieval, under local anesthesia, of a mandibular left third molar crown from the posterosuperior region of the pterygomandibular space after iatrogenic dislodgment.