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1.
J Microbiol Biotechnol ; 27(7): 1257-1265, 2017 Jul 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28535611

RESUMEN

The present study was carried out to investigate the antioxidative and neuroprotective effects of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) leaves (SBL) harvested at different times. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed five major phenolic compounds: ellagic acid, gallic acid, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, and quercetin. SBL harvested in August had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant capacity. Treatment of neuronal PC-12 cells with the ethyl acetate fraction of SBL harvested in August increased their viability and membrane integrity and reduced intracellular oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. The relative populations of both early and late apoptotic PC-12 cells were decreased by treatment with the SBL ethyl acetate fraction, based on flow cytometry analysis using annexin V-FITC/PI staining. These findings suggest that SBL can serve as a good source of antioxidants and medicinal agents that attenuate oxidative stress.


Asunto(s)
Hippophae/química , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Hojas de la Planta/química , Animales , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Flavonoides/análisis , Citometría de Flujo , Quempferoles/análisis , Neuronas/citología , Neuronas/metabolismo , Células PC12 , Fenoles/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/química , Quercetina/análisis , Ratas
2.
Mol Nutr Food Res ; 59(10): 1918-29, 2015 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26173809

RESUMEN

SCOPE: Although ingestion of coffee and its constituent chlorogenic acid (CGA) protects the retina from oxidative stress, the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of coffee metabolites are not well understood. The aim of this study was to determine which coffee metabolites reach the retina and protect against retinal degeneration. METHODS AND RESULTS: UPLC-MS/MS was used to detect CGA and coffee metabolites in the rat eye. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and double staining with Hoechst and propidium iodide showed that CGA, caffeic acid (CA), and dihydrocaffeic acid (DHCA) protect retinal ganglion cells from hypoxia-induced damage. Western blots showed that treatment with coffee metabolites up-regulated anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL and down-regulated pro-apoptotic proteins such as Bad, PARP, and cleaved caspase 3. Adult ICR mice were subjected to optic nerve crush-induced retinal ganglion cell death with intravitreal pre-treatment with coffee metabolites 1 day before and 1 h after the procedure. Retrograde Fluorogold(TM) labeling showed severe retinal ganglion cell loss after optic nerve crushing, and coffee metabolites significantly reduced damage to retinal ganglion cells. CONCLUSION: CGA and coffee metabolites, especially, CA, and DHCA, reach the eye, where they can significantly reduce apoptosis induced by hypoxia and optic nerve crush stress, and thus prevent retinal degeneration.


Asunto(s)
Ácidos Cafeicos/farmacología , Ácido Clorogénico/farmacocinética , Café , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Degeneración Retiniana/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Ácidos Cafeicos/análisis , Hipoxia de la Célula/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido Clorogénico/análisis , Ácido Clorogénico/metabolismo , Café/química , Café/metabolismo , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacocinética , Proteínas/metabolismo , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Degeneración Retiniana/patología , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem
3.
J Agric Food Chem ; 62(6): 1310-23, 2014 Feb 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24428171

RESUMEN

We investigated the effects of an ethanol extract of C. denticulatum (EECD) in a mouse model of glaucoma established by optic nerve crush (ONC), and found that EECD significantly protected against retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death caused by ONC. Furthermore, EECD effectively protected against N-methyl-d-aspartate-induced damage to the rat retinas. In vitro, EECD attenuated transformed retinal ganglion cell (RGC-5) death and significantly blunted the up-regulation of apoptotic proteins and mRNA level induced by 1-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine combined with glutamate, reduced reactive oxygen species production by radical species, and inhibited lipid peroxidation. The major EECD components were found to be chicoric acid and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DCQA) that have shown beneficial effects on retinal degeneration both in vitro and in vivo studies. Thus, EECD could be used as a natural neuroprotective agent for glaucoma, and chicoric acid and 3,5-DCQA as mark compounds for the development of functional food.


Asunto(s)
Asteraceae/química , Ácidos Cumáricos/administración & dosificación , Ácidos Cumáricos/análisis , Estrés Oxidativo , Enfermedades de la Retina/prevención & control , Animales , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Ácidos Cafeicos/administración & dosificación , Ácidos Cafeicos/análisis , Ácido Clorogénico/administración & dosificación , Ácido Clorogénico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Clorogénico/análisis , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Glaucoma/etiología , Glaucoma/prevención & control , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , N-Metilaspartato/administración & dosificación , Compresión Nerviosa , Fármacos Neuroprotectores , Nervio Óptico , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Enfermedades de la Retina/etiología , Succinatos/administración & dosificación , Succinatos/análisis
4.
J Agric Food Chem ; 62(1): 182-91, 2014 Jan 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24295042

RESUMEN

This study explored whether chlorogenic acid (CGA) and coffee have protective effects against retinal degeneration. Under hypoxic conditions, the viability of transformed retinal ganglion (RGC-5) cells was significantly reduced by treatment with the nitric oxide (NO) donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP). However, pretreatment with CGA attenuated cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, CGA prevented the up-regulation of apoptotic proteins such as Bad and cleaved caspase-3. Similar beneficial effects of both CGA and coffee extracts were observed in mice that had undergone an optic nerve crush (ONC) procedure. CGA and coffee extract reduced cell death by preventing the down-regulation of Thy-1. Our in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that coffee and its major component, CGA, significantly reduce apoptosis of retinal cells induced by hypoxia and NO, and that coffee consumption may help in preventing retinal degeneration.


Asunto(s)
Ácido Clorogénico/administración & dosificación , Coffea/química , Hipoxia/complicaciones , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Degeneración Retiniana/prevención & control , Animales , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Cannabinoides/metabolismo , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Café/química , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Degeneración Retiniana/etiología , Degeneración Retiniana/metabolismo , Degeneración Retiniana/fisiopatología , Células Ganglionares de la Retina/citología , Células Ganglionares de la Retina/efectos de los fármacos , Células Ganglionares de la Retina/metabolismo
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