Progress and prospect of machine learning in research of acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

The application progress of machine learning in research of acupuncture and moxibustion was reviewed from three aspects: mining of acupuncture and moxibustion prescription and indications, acupuncture efficacy prediction and its influencing factors, acupoint specificity and acupuncture manipulation research, and the existing problems in current research and future research trends were discussed. It is believed that the appropriate machine learning algorithm should be selected to build the model according to the research purpose and data characteristics in the future research; attention should be paid to feature design, feature selection and feature cleaning; sample data collection should be a priority, and data sharing platform and standardized data collection should be developed to improve the data quality.

Role of micro-RNAs in drug resistance of multiple myeloma.

While novel therapeutic approaches have profoundly improved survival of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, drug resistance and treatment refractoriness still persists. This obstacle highly demands thorough investigation into the root and underlying molecular mechanisms to develop more effective strategies. The advent of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in the study of cancer biology and pathogenesis in recent years has revolutionized therapy in this field and particularly opened new windows to further understanding of tumor drug resistance. However; in spite of the fact that miRNAs involvement in MM pathogenesis and progression has been substantially evidenced, miRNA investigation in MM drug resistance is still in its infancy. Our knowledge of the potential role of miRNAs in MM drug resistance comes from few recent reports confirming that some miRNAs including miR-137/197, miR-21 and miR-221/222 could negatively modulate drug sensitivity of MM cells. Further continuous researches are required to exploit miRNAs to elucidate the critical mechanisms controlling drug resistance in MM. In this review, we will highlight the most recent observations on the role of miRNAs in MM drug resistance. Moreover, approaches and insights into clinical application of miRNAs to overcome MM drug resistance will be discussed.

Relationship between hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes CYP450 and traditional Chinese medicine-induced hepatotoxicity / 中国中药杂志

In recent years, with the emergence of new methods and technologies in traditional Chinese medicines metabolism, the relationship between medicine metabolism and cytochrome P450 has gradually been revealed. The research on P450 drug metabolizing enzymes can be used to predict the side effects of traditional Chinese medicines and explore the relationship between compatibility of medicines and toxicity reducing and efficacy enhancing. This paper aims to summarize the progress of CYP450 research, the mechanism of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in the process of drug-metabolism and the relationship between CYP450 and medicine hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, we set out the regulation effects of typical traditional Chinese medicines on CYP450 to provide a reliable basis for the rational use of Chinese medicines.

Synergistic effect of Epimedii Folium fried with suet oil for warming kidney and enhancing yang in dosage form of self-assembled micelles / 中国中药杂志

The fried method with suet oil, which can strengthen the effect of Epimedii Folium in warming kidney and enhancing yang, has been widely used in the processing of Epimedii Folium in traditional Chinese medicine. In this paper, we adopted hydrocortisone-induced kidney-yang deficiency rat models, and took physical signs, serum testosterone, corticosterone levels and histopathological examination of rats as indictors to systematically study the synergistic effect of suet oil in warming kidney and enhancing yang of fried Epimedii Folium in the dosage form of self-assembled micelles. Drugs were given orally, and compared with model group, indicating normal physical signs and biochemical indicators, and significant alleviation in disorder of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-thymus (HPAT) axis suppression. All these experimental results indicated that both Epimedium flavonoids and its self-assembled micelles, especially the processed self-assembled micelles of Epimedii Folium, showed the significant effects in warming kidney and enhancing yang, which might be correlated with the regulation of the disorder of HPAT axis suppression and the improvement of major pathological conditions of testicular gonadal tissues. This discovery can further reveal the synergistic effect and mechanism of processing material suet oil on Epimedii Folium.

Therapeutic options for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma / 白血病·淋巴瘤

According to the latest classification of International Myeloma Working Group(IMWG),multiple myeloma(MM)is roughly classified into two groups,asymptomatic myeloma(smoldering myeloma)and symptomatic myeloma.The former is equal to the stage Ⅰ of Durie-Salmon(DS),and patients of this type only wait and see,and do not need any therapy.The later is equal to stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ of DS,and patients of this type need therapy immediately.Autologous stem cell transplantation(ASCT)is recommended by National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)for patients with stage Ⅱ or Ⅲ myeloma with good performance status in 2007.Different therapeutic regiwen should he selected for newly diagnosed MM patients according to whether ASCT is suitable or not.

Inhibitory effects of salviae miltiorrhizae and beta-aescinom natrium on the postburn acute lung injury in rats / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the inhibitory effect and its mechanism of salviae miltiorrhizae and beta-aescinom natrium on the postburn acute lung injury in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-five rats were randomly divided into sham control (C, n = 9), sodium chloride group (S, n = 9), salviae miltiorrhizae group (M, n = 9), beta-aescinom natrium group (A, n = 9), and combination group (MA, n = 9). The rats in M, A and MA groups were subjected to 30% TBSA III degree scald on the back, and all the rats were sacrificed at 24 PBH. The blood and pulmonary tissue samples were harvested from the rats at 24 PBH for the determination of leukocyte adhesiveness/aggregation (LAA) in peripheral blood, myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) contents, and the ratio of wet to dry weights (W/D) of lung tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with those in S group, the LAA in blood and the pulmonary tissue contents of MPO, MDA and W/D rate in M and A groups, and especially in MA group, were decreased significantly, but the SOD content in pulmonary tissue increased obviously in M and A groups, especially in MA group. Furthermore, blood LAA was positively correlated with pulmonary tissue MDA content.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Postburn intra-pulmonary agglutination and aggregation of PMNs and pulmonary injury by oxygen free radicals (OFRs) and their products could be inhibited by either Salviae Miltiorrhizae or beta-aescinom natrium. In addition, these agents could also increase the tissue content of antioxidant capacity and decrease pulmonary microvascular permeability and lung water content. The results indicated that all the agents used might be effective in prevention and treatment of postburn pulmonary injury, especially when used together.</p>