RESUMEN
There is evidence to suggest that tetracyclines have benefit beyond their antimicrobial activity. The ability to inhibit metalloproteinase activity may provide a disease-modifying effect in OA, and available data suggest that further investigation is warranted. Controlled, double-blind, prospective clinical studies have not been completed. The canine cruciate ligament transection model studies are frequently cited as the most convincing in vivo evidence of a benefit of oral tetracycline therapy for the treatment of OA. Until more evidence becomes available, the use of tetracyclines as therapeutic agents for OA should be considered investigational.
Asunto(s)
Antirreumáticos/uso terapéutico , Autacoides/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Osteoartritis/veterinaria , Administración Oral , Animales , Antirreumáticos/efectos adversos , Antirreumáticos/farmacocinética , Autacoides/efectos adversos , Autacoides/farmacocinética , Perros , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Glicosaminoglicanos/efectos adversos , Glicosaminoglicanos/farmacocinética , Glicosaminoglicanos/uso terapéutico , Ácido Hialurónico/efectos adversos , Ácido Hialurónico/farmacocinética , Ácido Hialurónico/uso terapéutico , Osteoartritis/tratamiento farmacológico , Poliéster Pentosan Sulfúrico/efectos adversos , Poliéster Pentosan Sulfúrico/farmacocinética , Poliéster Pentosan Sulfúrico/uso terapéutico , Tetraciclinas/efectos adversos , Tetraciclinas/farmacocinética , Tetraciclinas/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The organization of afferents to the pituitary was investigated by applying DiI crystals to the pituitary or pituitary stalk of the gymnotiform electric fish, Apteronotus leptorhynchus. Most hypophysiotrophic cells were found in the hypothalamus and were distributed throughout its rostrocaudal extent: nucleus preopticus periventricularis, pars anterior and posterior; suprachiasmatic nucleus; anterior, dorsal, ventral, lateral, and caudal hypothalamic nuclei; and nucleus tuberis lateralis, pars anterior and posterior. In addition a small number of retrogradely labeled cells were found in the ventral telencephalon (area ventralis, pars ventralis) and, most surprisingly, in a thalamic nucleus (nucleus centralis posterioris). The nucleus preopticus periventricularis pars posterior and the anterior hypothalamic nucleus appear to correspond to the parvicellular and magnocellular divisions of the nucleus preopticus of other teleosts. Integration of these results with immunohistochemical localization of monoamines and neuropeptides in the apteronotid brain suggests many homologies between the hypophysiotrophic nuclei of teleosts and other vertebrates, including mammals. Apteronotus communicates electrically during agonistic and sexual interactions. There are numerous anatomical links between the hypophysiotrophic systems and the brain areas related to electrocommunication.