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Métodos Terapéuticos y Terapias MTCI
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Indian J Med Microbiol ; 36(1): 32-36, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29735823

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The emergence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens in the hospital and community has increased the concern to the health-care providers due to the limited treatment options. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in frequently isolated bacterial pathogens causing severe infections is of great importance. The data generated will be useful for the clinicians to decide empiric therapy on the local epidemiological resistance profile of the antimicrobial agents. This study aims to monitor the distribution of bacterial pathogen and their susceptibility pattern to the commonly used antimicrobial agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study includes Gram-negative bacilli collected from intra-abdominal, urinary tract and respiratory tract infections during 2014-2016. Isolates were collected from seven hospitals across India. All the study isolates were characterised up to species level, and minimum inhibitory concentration was determined for a wide range of antimicrobials included in the study panel. The test results were interpreted as per standard Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 2731 isolates of gram-negative bacteria were tested during study period. The most frequently isolated pathogens were 44% of Escherichia coli (n = 1205) followed by 25% of Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 676) and 11% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 308). Among the antimicrobials tested, carbapenems were the most active, followed by amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam. The rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive isolates were ranged from 66%-77% in E. coli to 61%-72% in K. pneumoniae, respectively. Overall, colistin retains its activity in > 90% of the isolates tested and appear promising. CONCLUSION: Increasing rates of ESBL producers have been noted, which is alarming. Further, carbapenem resistance was also gradually increasing, which needs much attention. Overall, this study data show that carbapenems, amikacin and colistin continue to be the best agents available to treat drug-resistant infections. Thus continuous monitoring of susceptibility profile of the clinically important Gram-negative pathogens is of great importance to guide effective antimicrobial therapy.


Asunto(s)
Amicacina/uso terapéutico , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Carbapenémicos/uso terapéutico , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido Penicilánico/análogos & derivados , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Urinarias/tratamiento farmacológico , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple , Escherichia coli/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , India , Infecciones por Klebsiella/tratamiento farmacológico , Klebsiella pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificación , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Ácido Penicilánico/uso terapéutico , Piperacilina/uso terapéutico , Combinación Piperacilina y Tazobactam , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/tratamiento farmacológico , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/microbiología , Infecciones Urinarias/microbiología , beta-Lactamasas/aislamiento & purificación
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