RESUMEN
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory allergic skin disease, characterized by pruritic and eczematous skin lesions. Lycopus lucidus Turcz (LLT) is a perennial herb that has been reported to have various biological properties, including effects on blood circulation, as well as antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antivascular inflammation and woundhealing effects. However, whether LLT improves dermatitis and the underlying mechanisms has yet to be determined. The aim of the present study was to determine whether LLT can improve 2,4dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)induced dermatitis and to verify the inhibitory effect of LLT on the expression of chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines in the HaCaT immortalized keratinocyte cell line. In addition, the antiinflammatory function of LLT in RAW264.7 mouse macrophages was investigated. In the DNCBinduced AD mouse model, LLT inhibited infiltration by mast cells, eosinophils and CD8+ cells in the dorsal skin tissue of AD mice, and suppressed the expression of IgE and IL6 in serum. In addition, LLT inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK, as well as NFκB in skin tissue. In the HaCaT cell model induced by TNFα/IFNγ, LLT inhibited the expression of thymus and activationregulated chemokine, granulocytemacrophage colonystimulating factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein1, TNFα and IL1ß, whilst inhibiting the phosphorylation of NFκB. In addition, in the lipopolysaccharideinduced RAW 264.7 cell inflammation model, LLT inhibited the expression of TNFα and IFNγ, the nuclear translocation of NFκB and the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK. These results suggested that LLT may be a promising candidate for the treatment of inflammatory dermatitis.
Asunto(s)
Quimiocinas/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Dermatitis Atópica/tratamiento farmacológico , Dermatitis Atópica/metabolismo , Lycopus/química , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/metabolismo , Dinitroclorobenceno , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Eosinófilos/metabolismo , Células HaCaT , Humanos , MAP Quinasa Quinasa 4/metabolismo , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Mastocitos/metabolismo , Medicina Tradicional China , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismo , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Piel/patología , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is caused by an imbalance between osteoclasts and osteoblasts and causes severe bone loss. Osteoporotic medicines are classified into bone resorption inhibitors and bone formation promoters according to the mechanism of action. Long-term use of bisphosphonate and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) can cause severe side effects in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients. Therefore, it is important to find alternative natural products that reduce osteoclast activity and increase osteoblast formation. Sparganii Rhizoma (SR) is the dried tuberous rhizome of Sparganium stoloniferum Buchanan-Hamilton and is called "samreung" in Korea. However, to date, the effect of SR on osteoclast differentiation and the ovariectomized (OVX)-induced bone loss model has not been reported. In vitro, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, western blots, RT-PCR and other methods were used to examine the effect of SR on osteoclast differentiation and osteoblasts. In vivo, we confirmed the effect of SR in a model of OVX-induced postmenopausal osteoporosis. SR inhibited osteoclast differentiation and decreased the expression of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) and c-Fos pathway. In addition, SR stimulates osteoblast differentiation and increased protein expression of the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2)/SMAD signaling pathway. Moreover, SR protected against bone loss in OVX-induced rats. Our results appear to advance our knowledge of SR and successfully demonstrate its potential role as a osteoclastogenesis-inhibiting and osteogenesis-promoting herbal medicine for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.