RESUMEN
Dynamics of activity in the frequency band of theta waves during of procedures, listening of the acoustic image of the own EEG was investigated. The formation of the acoustic image EEG was performed with a significant reduction of musical properties. It is shown that the increase in activity in the theta range depends on the level of synchronization and consistency of the presentation of the acoustic image own EEG relative to the current bioelectrical activity of the brain. The maximum increase in activity in the theta range was observed with minimum time delay and maximum consistency requirements of sounds with the current EEG. It is concluded that the increase in activity in the range of theta waves in the listening environment acoustic image own EEG is determined by the correlation of sounds with the current bioelectric activity of the brain.
Asunto(s)
Percepción Auditiva/fisiología , Patrones de Reconocimiento Fisiológico/fisiología , Ritmo Teta/fisiología , Estimulación Acústica , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Masculino , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Behavioral, hormonal, and neurotransmitter reactions to foot shock were studied in adult rats treated with IL-1ß during week 3 of life. After stress, these animals differed from controls treated with saline by high levels of dopamine, serotonin, and 5-hydroxy-indolacetic acid in the hypothalamus. In contrast to controls, they developed a significant stress-induced increase of blood corticosterone level and exhibited lesser motor and exploratory activities in the open field test.
Asunto(s)
Interleucina-1beta/sangre , Neurotransmisores/sangre , Estrés Psicológico/sangre , Animales , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Corticosterona/sangre , Dopamina/sangre , Hipotálamo/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Serotonina/sangre , Estrés Psicológico/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
Dynamics of physiological and psychological characteristics of healthy volunteers (adolescents and adults), speech professionals (logopedics), and stutter patients (adolescents and adults) in process of adoptive self-regulation with biofeedback on objective physiologic indicator - changes of respiratory arrhythmia of hart rate were investigated. High level of efficacy and practicability of the method application was revealed to study, diagnostics, optimization and correction of breathing, speech and behavior.
Asunto(s)
Biorretroalimentación Psicológica , Ejercicios Respiratorios , Disartria/terapia , Logopedia/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Arritmias Cardíacas/fisiopatología , Niño , Diafragma , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Habla , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Arritmia Sinusal/fisiopatología , Biorretroalimentación Psicológica/fisiología , Mecánica Respiratoria/fisiología , Habla/fisiología , Adaptación Fisiológica , Adolescente , Adulto , Arritmia Sinusal/psicología , Arritmia Sinusal/terapia , Niño , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana EdadAsunto(s)
Galanina/metabolismo , Hipotálamo/metabolismo , Neuroinmunomodulación/fisiología , Receptores de Neuropéptido/metabolismo , Ácido 3,4-Dihidroxifenilacético/metabolismo , Animales , Temperatura Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Dopamina/metabolismo , Galanina/antagonistas & inhibidores , Galanina/farmacología , Ácido Homovanílico/metabolismo , Hipotálamo/efectos de los fármacos , Lipopolisacáridos/toxicidad , Masculino , Fragmentos de Péptidos/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Receptores de Galanina , Receptores de Neuropéptido/antagonistas & inhibidores , Sustancia P/farmacologíaRESUMEN
At a histochemical investigation of the rabbit lymphoid organs innervation certain peculiarities on histotopography of adrenergic and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-containing nervous elements have been established. At a chronic experiment by means of a dosed repeated bilateral electrostimulation of the posterior hypothalamic field in the organs mentioned, inhibition of the functional activity has been noticed. It is most specific not for the AChE-containing structures, but for the adrenergic ones, localized to some extent in the parenchyma, as well as along the course of the blood vessels and their adventitium. The results are discussed in terms of modulatory influence of the posterior hypothalamic field on trophic and functions of the lymphoid tissue. This influence is realized both humoraly and via the nervous pathways (either directly using certain ways and connections, or indirectly by means of neurogenic tonus of the intraorganic blood vessels regulation).
Asunto(s)
Fibras Adrenérgicas/ultraestructura , Fibras Colinérgicas/ultraestructura , Hipotálamo Posterior/anatomía & histología , Hipotálamo/anatomía & histología , Ganglios Linfáticos/inervación , Bazo/inervación , Timo/inervación , Acetilcolinesterasa/metabolismo , Fibras Adrenérgicas/metabolismo , Animales , Catecolaminas/metabolismo , Fibras Colinérgicas/metabolismo , Vías Eferentes/anatomía & histología , Vías Eferentes/fisiología , Estimulación Eléctrica , Hipotálamo Posterior/fisiología , Ganglios Linfáticos/metabolismo , Masculino , Conejos , Bazo/metabolismo , Timo/metabolismoRESUMEN
The intramural adrenergic nervous apparatus of cerebral arteries was studied in adult rabbits after 3-10 sessions of electrical stimulation of locus coeruleus. The activity of nerve structures was determined by estimating the density of adrenergic perivascular plexuses and by semi-quantitative cytophotometry of changes in the catecholamine content of nerve varicosities. The stimulation was followed by a 28.2 +/- 1.5% increase in adrenergic innervation density. while catecholamine content in perivascular nerve structures displayed a tendency to decrease. The problem of central effects on cerebral blood flow autoregulation is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Fibras Adrenérgicas/anatomía & histología , Arterias Cerebrales/inervación , Locus Coeruleus/fisiología , Fibras Adrenérgicas/fisiología , Animales , Catecolaminas/metabolismo , Estimulación Eléctrica , Electrodos Implantados , Histocitoquímica , Mediciones Luminiscentes , Bulbo Raquídeo/irrigación sanguínea , ConejosRESUMEN
In the course of long-term experiments on rabbits, functional dynamics of subcortical structures were studied by recording background (DC) and evoked potentials (EP) during immune responses elicited to various antigens. During the first day of the immune response process to the different antigens, changes in hypothalamus functioning were similar and occurred with a latency of 9 to 31 min. Inductive and productive primary immune responses were accompanied by successive phasic changes in the functioning of a number of subcortical structures.
Asunto(s)
Amígdala del Cerebelo/fisiología , Formación de Anticuerpos , Hipotálamo/fisiología , Potenciales de Acción , Animales , Chinchilla , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Potenciales Evocados , Caballos/inmunología , Masculino , Ratas/inmunología , Seroglobulinas/inmunología , Ovinos/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The intramural nervous apparatus of rabbit lymphoid organs was examined after 15 and 30 sessions of electric stimulation of the posterior hypothalamus. The function of nerve cells was evaluated by cytophotometry according to the content of catecholamines and acetylcholinesterase (ACE) activity. In the mesenteric lymph nodes, stimulation led to a decrease in the activity of both adrenergic and ACE-containing nerve cells. The spleen demonstrated a reduction in the catecholamine content in the perivascular nerve plexuses, with a simultaneous rise of the catecholamine content in the fibers located in the parenchyma, which evidences inhibition of the neurogenous mechanisms of vasomotor control and possible selective activation of the sympathetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of the immunogenesis. Thymic preparations impregnated with silver salts manifested high argyrophilia of the nerve cells, characteristic of the reactive phase of the destructive process. The problems of the hypothalamic effects on the blood supply and functions of the immune system organs are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Hipotálamo Posterior/fisiología , Hipotálamo/fisiología , Tejido Linfoide/fisiología , Acetilcolinesterasa/metabolismo , Fibras Adrenérgicas/anatomía & histología , Fibras Adrenérgicas/fisiología , Animales , Estimulación Eléctrica , Electrodos Implantados , Histocitoquímica , Tejido Linfoide/inervación , Neuronas/enzimología , ConejosRESUMEN
The functional states of subcortical brain structures were investigated with the aid of DC potential and EPs in the course of immune response. Change of the hypothalamic structures' functional state was the same after different antigen immunization during the 1st day of immune process and the latency of this process varied from 9 to 13 min. The inductive and productive periods of primary immune response developed with successive phasic changes in a number of subcortical structures.
Asunto(s)
Reacciones Antígeno-Anticuerpo , Corteza Cerebral/fisiología , Animales , Anticuerpos/análisis , Potenciales Evocados , Hipotálamo/fisiología , Inmunización/métodos , Masculino , Potenciales de la Membrana , Conejos , Tiempo de Reacción/fisiología , Análisis de Regresión , Factores de TiempoAsunto(s)
Encéfalo/fisiología , Conducta Alimentaria/fisiología , Gusto/fisiología , Animales , Reacción de Prevención/fisiología , Corteza Cerebral/fisiología , Estimulación Eléctrica , Potenciales Evocados , Femenino , Hipotálamo/fisiología , Masculino , Recuerdo Mental/fisiología , Analizadores Neurales/fisiología , Ratas , Convulsiones/psicologíaAsunto(s)
Amígdala del Cerebelo/fisiología , Reacción de Prevención/fisiología , Condicionamiento Clásico/fisiología , Ingestión de Líquidos , Hipotálamo/fisiología , Memoria/fisiología , Recuerdo Mental/fisiología , Gusto/fisiología , Animales , Aprendizaje Discriminativo/fisiología , Dominancia Cerebral/fisiología , Estimulación Eléctrica , Masculino , RatasRESUMEN
The mechanism of nervous control of licking was studied in the frame work of the electrophysiological analysis of conditioned taste aversion. The licking rhythm is so stable that the rats are unable to slow it down by 20 percent. If the solution which was previously used for establishing the conditioned taste aversion, appears in the drinking spout, the rat stops drinking after one or two licks. Analysis of temporal relationships between afferent and efferent impulse activity of licking shows that the comparison of gustatory signals with memory traces and the corresponding decision occurs within 80 to 120 ms after lick onset. Electrical stimulation of the hypothalamic centres through implanted electrodes has shown that the amplitude of evoked responses and the impairment of licking increases, in proportion to the delay between lick onset and stimulus application. Isolated discharges of epileptic foci in the frontal cortex and the hypothalamus cause an omission of one or several licks, without interfering with the activity of the licking generator.