RESUMEN
Background: S. setigera is widely used in traditional medicine throughout the world. Ethnobotanical surveys have revealed its use to handle diabetes. This present research investigated the antioxidant potential and improvement activities of S. setigera Delile on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: Male rats fed high-fat diet for 6 weeks followed by a single-dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) induced hyperglycemia. 72 hours after injection of streptozotocin, diabetic rats received treatment for 21 days. Fasting blood glucose was measured. Serum biochemical and hepatic biomarkers were evaluated. A hepatic histological study was performed. Oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed in liver. Results: Doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg reduced the blood glucose with the reduction index of 53.75 and 62.1%, respectively. There was also good improvement in lipid profile and insulin. The dose of 400 mg/kg better reduced subcutaneous fat mass with a difference in reduction index (1.5 to 5.8%). The extract resulted in a decrease in malondialdehyde levels and an increase in catalase activities. The extract showed significant inhibitory potential towards α-amylase 18.78% to 55.91% and α-glucosidase 23.91% to 67.76%. Conclusion: S. setigera extract could thus reverse insulin resistance and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic rats induced.
RESUMEN
A new glycoiridoid (1) together with seven (7) known compounds were isolated from the methanol crude extract of the root bark of Stereospermum kunthianum using chromatography methods. Their structures were elucidated using HR-ESI-MS, 1 D- & 2 D-NMR spectroscopies in comparison with previous literature. The antioxidant activity was investigated by using FRAP, DPPH, ABTS and HRSA methods while the antibacterial activity was assays on Escherichia coli (ATCC25922) and Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC14028) strains. The results showed that the isolated compounds had significantly (p < 0.01) high radical scavenging (IC50) and reducing power activity. All bacteria strains showed important minimal inhibitory concentration activity against isolated compounds started at 5 mg/mL with an inhibition zone of 6 mm. Thus, the isolated compounds in S. kunthianum justify the use of the plant in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases in humans. These isolated compounds can be used for formulation of new drug discovery to treat infectious diseases.