[Dynamics of the indices of the prostacyclin-thromboxane system in adolescents with hypotensive type vegetovascular dysfunction exposed to hyperbaric oxygenation]. / Dinamika pokazatelei prostatsiklin-tromboksanovoi sistemy pod vliianiem giperbaricheskoi oksigenatsii u podrostkov s vegetososudistoi disfunktsiei po gipotenzivnomu tipu.

As many as 185 juveniles aged between 11 to 14 years presenting with hypotensive type vegetovascular dysfunction have been examined to study the time-related changes in the blood content of prostacyclin and tromboxane under conditions of hyperbaric oxygenation. The control group copmrised 69 essentially healthy juvenile subjects the same age as those with dysfunction. Hyperbaric oxygenation has had a normalizing effect on indices for the prostacyclin-tromboxane system in those juveniles presenting with hypotensive type vegetovascular dysfunction, which fact can be explained by a drop in tenseness of mechanisms of the vegetative imbalance compensation.

[Convergence studies of hypothalamic neurons]. / Doslidzhennia konverhentsiï hipotalamichnykh neironiv.

In this study has been reveibed the peculiarities of convergence of afferent cortical inputs to the hypothalamic neurons. Single and the serial stimulation of phylogenetically distinct cortical areas (proreal cortex (field 8), cingular cortex (field 24), pyriform lobule (periamygdala cortex), and hippocampus (CA3) were used. We have established two main focuses of expressed convergence of signals from the above mentioned cortical areas. First of them was located in the lateral hypothalamus nucleus, second--in the centromedial hypothalamus nucleus. Single cortical stimulation was found to excite majority of hypothalamus neurons. Expressed prevalence of inhibitory responses over excitatory ones were found in case of serial stimulation application. This functional organisation of the hypothalamic nucleus allow to propose tonic character of the cortical influences due to serial stimulation and the eventual character of these influences due to single stimulation.

[Sources of cortical, hypothalamic and spinal serotoninergic projections: topical organization in the dorsal Raphe nucleus]. / Istochniki kortikal'nykh, gipotalamicheskikh i spinal'nykh serotoninergicheskikh proektsii: topicheskaia organizatsiia v predelakh dorsal'nogo iadra shva.

Distribution of primuline, fast blue, fluoro-gold and nuclear yellow-labelled monoamine-containing cells in periventricular gray and dorsolateral tegmentum (including locus coeruleus) was studied in the rat after injection of these fluorochromes into the frontal cortex, hypothalamus and spinal cord. Combination of monoamine fluorescence method and retrograde cell-labelling was used. Two big groups of serotonin-positive cells projecting into the upper thoracic spinal segments were found in dorsomedial zone of the dorsal raphe. Part of these units also had divergent axon projections to the frontal cortex. Such cellular arrangement allows a supposition that analgetic effects of dorsal raphe stimulation can be partially based on the direct participation of this structure in the descending control at the spinal level. Neurones, sources of cortical projections are intermingled with the cells projecting to the hypothalamus but some topical differentiation can be distinguished. Neurotransmitter and neuroregulatory roles of separate cortical and hypothalamic projections of serotonin-containing neurons of the dorsal raphe cells is discussed.

[An organizational analysis of the neurons forming the descending cortico-hypothalamic pathways]. / Analiz organizatsii neironov, obrazuiushchikh niskhodiashchie kortiko-gipotalamicheskie puti.

Quantitative assessment of spatial organization of cortical neurons forming descending fibre systems and hypothalamic structures has been made using technique of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase. Heterogeneity of cortico-hypothalamic bonds is determined: the prefrontal cortex exerts a more pronounced effect on the hypothalamus as compared with other cortical areas of the limbic brain. Cortico-hypothalamic neurons form neuronal groups on different frontal levels of the prefrontal cortex and convolution of the cingulum, a form and orientation of the group being determined by the topography of dominating axonal systems running to the hypothalamus. There are various forms of cell associations in the frames of neuronal populations. Ensemble groupings of neurons may underlie the principle of organization of direct cortico-hypothalamic ways.

[Responses of neurons of hypothalamic nuclei to stimulation of the frontobasal regions of the neocortex]. / Reaktsii neironov iader gipotalamusa na razdrazhenie frontaobazal'nykh otdelov neokorteksa.

Neuronal responses of different hypothalamic nuclei to frontobasal cerebral cortex (proreal, posterior orbital, basal and temporal regions) were studied in acute experiments on cats narcotized by membutal mixed with chloraloze. Neurons which could be activated antidromically during stimulation of another region were recorded. On the basis of their response a number of neuronal chains (circles) functioning in forebrain was distinguished. The first chain is orbital gyrus--preoptical zone--proreal gyrus. The second chain has the same cortical components as the first one, but switching over in the hypothalamus takes place in the region of mamillary bodies. The third chain is basal temporal cortex--lateral hypothalamus--prefrontal cortex.

[Electrophysiologic study of cortico-hypothalamic interrelationships in cats]. / Elektrofiziologicheskoe issledovanie kortiko-gipotalamicheskikh vzaimootnoshenii u koshki

In acute experiments on cats anesthetized with nembutal and chloralose the projections of different parts of orbito-frontal cortex, basal temporal cortex and hippocampus to hypothalamic nuclei were studied by focal potential recording. It was found that the proreal gyrus has local projections into the latero-dorsal parts of the preoptical region, rostral parts of the forebrain medial bundle, lateral and posterior hypothalamus with mammilary bodies. The orbital gyrus is projected mainly into latero-dorsal parts of the forebrain medial bundle, latero-ventral part of the preoptical region, and the region of lateral and latero-dorsal hypothalamic nuclei. Projections from the orbital gyrus are of a relatively diffuse character. The basal temporal cortex has diffuse projections into the central part of the preoptical region, latero-ventral part of the forebrain medial bundle and lateral mammilary body. No pronounced foci were observed in the hypothalamic structures during stimulation of the hyppocampus, but diffuse projections were found into ventral parts of the preoptical region and ventral regions of the forebrain medial bundle as well as into lateral hypothalamus and lateral mammilary nucleus.