Verbascoside attenuates acute inflammatory injury in experimental cerebral hemorrhage by suppressing TLR4.

Cerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common cerebrovascular condition with high mortality, disability and recurrence rates. TLR4-mediated acute inflammatory injury plays a pivotal role in ICH. Verbascoside (VB) is an active component of multiple medicinal plants, and exerts neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke by targeting the inflammatory response. However, the effects of VB on ICH and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the therapeutic effects of VB on acute ICH, and the possible involvement of TLR4-mediated inflammation. VB improved the behavioral score and reduced the hematoma volume, brain edema and neuronal apoptosis in a murine model of acute ICH. Mechanistically, VB attenuated macroglia activation and decreased inflammatory factor levels, which in turn protected the neurons. Furthermore, TLR4 knockout abolished the effects of VB both in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, VB attenuates the symptoms of ICH by targeting the TLR4-mediated acute inflammatory response.

Clinical analysis of thoracoscopic surgery combined with intraoperative autologous blood transfusion in the treatment of traumatic hemothorax / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

From January 2013 to January 2015, 19 patients of traumatic hemothorax with hemorrhagic shock were treated in our department by thoracoscopic surgery combined with autologous blood transfusion. This study retrospectively analyzed the therapeutic effect and shared our experience. The average amount of blood transfused back was 662.41 ml ± 269.15 ml. None of the patients developed transfusion reaction and were all discharged uneventfully. Thoracoscopic surgery combined with autologous blood trans- fusion is effective in the rescue of patients with progressive hemothorax and hemorrhagic shock. When corresponding indications are well managed, treatment for these patients is quicker, safer, and more effective.

[Chemical Constituents from Shoot of Phyllostachys edulis (II)].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the chemical constituents from the shoot of Phyllostachys edulis. METHODS: Normal-phase, reversed-phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 porous polymer gel column and HPLC chromatography were used for isolation. Spectroscopic methods (13C-NMR, 1H-NMR, DEPT and EI-MS) were used for identification. RESULTS: Eleven compounds were isolated and elucidated, which were skimmin(I), liquiritienin(II),1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-propanone(III), syringicaldehyde(IV), vanillin(V), isoliquiritigenin(VI), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(VII), methyl p-hydroxy benzeneacetate (VIII), 5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone (IX), daucosterol(X) and ß-sitosterol(X). CONCLUSION: All the compounds are obtained from this plant for the first time, and compounds VI, VIII and IX are firstly isolated from the plants of this genus.

Effect and mechanism of polydatin on diabetic myocardial hypertrophy in mice / 中国中药杂志

To observe the preventive effect of polydatin on diabetic myocardial hypertrophy in mice and discuss its and mechanism. The diabetic model was induced with low dose STZ (40 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) x 5 d, ip) for five days in mice. The myocardial hypertrophy was determined by hypertrophy indexes (LVHI, left ventricular/right ventricle and septum), left ventricular/body weight (LV/BW), the histological examination and the mRNA expression of atrial natriuretic factor(ANF). The fast blood glucose(FBG), serum insulin and plasma hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c) levels were detected, and then HOMA insulin resistance index ( HOMA. IR) was calculated. The mRNA and protein expressions were measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. According to the results, the FBG of the model group exceeded 11.1 mmol x L(-1), with notable decrease in BW and significant increase in insulin, HbA1c and HOME. IR, suggesting the successful establishment and stability of the diabetic model. The increases in LVHI, LV/BW, cell surface and ANF mRNA indicated a myocardial hypertrophy in diabetic mice. Meanwhile, the model group showed decrease in mRNA and protein expressions of PPARβ and significant increase in NF-κB p65, COX-2 and iNOS expressions. After the preventation with PD (50, 100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), diabetic mice showed increase in BW, reduction in the levels of FBG, insulin and HbA1 c, relief in insulin resistance and significant recovery in hypertrophy indexes, indicating PD has the protective effect in diabetic myocardial hypertrophy. Meanwhile, PD up-regulated the expression of PPARβ, inhibited the expressions of NF-κB p65, COX-2 and iNOS, demonstrating that PD's protective effect may be related to the activation of PPARβ and the inhibition of NF-κB, COX-2 and iNOS signaling pathways.

[Spatiotemporal variability of soil fertility parameters in Xinhui District of Guangdong Province].

By the methods of geostatistics and GIS, this paper studied the spatial distribution patterns of pH, organic matter, total nitrogen (N) and total phosphorus (P) in cultivated soils of Xinhui District, Guangdong Province from 1982 to 2003. The paired samples t test and Kriging results showed that soil pH and organic matter content were significantly lower in 2003 than in 1982, while the contents of soil total N and total P were in adverse. The spatial distribution of test parameters changed to different degrees over the past 20 years. Soil pH tended to decrease in most areas of the study district, soil organic matter decreased except at the banks of Yinzhou Lake and parts of south and northwest, soil total N increased in most areas except the parts of east and northwest, and soil total P increased in most areas.

[A new anthraquinone from the root of Lasianthus acuminatissimus].

To study the constituents from the chloroform extract of the roots of Lasianthus acuminatissimus Merr., various chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the constituents. The structure was established on the basis of ID, 2D NMR and HRMS spectroscopic analysis. A new compound was isolated and identified, which was 3, 8-dihydroxy-1-methoxy-2-methoxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinone (I). Compound I is a new anthraquinone, namely lasianthurin.