[Strategies for efficacy and function positioning of new resources of Chinese materia medica].

Chinese materia medica( CMM) serves as an important cornerstone for the development of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) culture and industry due to its unique ecological,medical,economic,scientific and technological,and cultural values. The supply shortage and unstable quality of some CMM resources have hindered the development of TCM. Ensuring the sustainable use of CMM resources has become essential for the development of TCM in China. Enriching CMM resources is the key to ensuring the sustainable utilization of TCM resources in China,which can be achieved via expanding the medicinal parts,developing the substitutes,seeking for analogues,exploring the ethnic and folk medicines,or introducing foreign medicinal materials. CMM efficacy or function positioning plays a very important role in the transformation of new CMM resources. The strategies and methods for efficacy or function positioning of new CMM resources,including analogy,plant genetic relationship exploration,medicinal property deduction,ethnobotanical investigation,text mining,network pharmacology,and structure-activity relationship exploration,were systematically proposed in this study based on CMM theory,textual research,and modern methodologies. This paper is expected to provide a theoretical reference for the continuous enrichment and development of CMM resources and the high-quality development of TCM culture and industry.

[Efficacy and mechanism of new resource medicinal materia Moringa oleifera leaves against hyperlipidemia].

High fat diet induced hyperlipidemia hamster model was used to explore the anti-hyperlipidemia effect of water extract of Moringa oleifera leaves( WEMOL). On this basis,the possible action mechanism was predicted by network pharmacology. Golden hamsters were randomly divided into normal diet group( NFD),high-fat diet group( HFD),simvastatin group,high dose group of WEMOL( HIWEMOL) and low dose group of WEMOL( LOWEMOL). The model was administered simultaneously for 66 days,during which the body weight changes of hamsters were recorded. At the end of the experiment,serum lipid level and serum transaminase level of golden hamsters in each group were detected,and the pathological changes of liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin( HE) staining. The results showed that WEMOL could significantly decrease the serum total cholesterol( TC),total triglyceride( TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol( LDL-c) levels,and reduce the lipid deposition in liver tissue,thus improving the hyperlipidemia of golden hamsters. According to the prediction of network pharmacology,219 targets of potential active components of M.oleifera leaves and 185 targets of water-soluble potential active components of M. oleifera leaves for the treatment of hyperlipidemia were obtained separately. The MCODE analysis was performed on the PPI network of 219 targets and 185 targets obtained above and got five and four clusters respectively. The signaling pathway analysis of clusters showed that among the common pathways,nonalcoholic fatty liver,insulin resistance,MAPK signaling pathway,estrogen signaling pathway,cell apoptosis and HIF-1 signaling pathway were associated with hyperlipidemia. In addition,the potential active components of M. oleifera leaves could also inhibit the metabolic inflammation of hyperlipidemia by modulating complement and coagulation cascades signaling pathway,and GSK3 B,F2,AKT1,RELA,SERPINE1 might be the key targets. The water-soluble potential active components of M. oliefera leaves could modulate lipid metabolism by modulating AMPK signaling pathway and JAK-STAT signaling pathway,with PIK3 CB,PIK3 CA,CASP3,AKT1 and BCL2 as the key targets. These results suggested that WEMOL had anti hyperlipidemia effect,and its mechanism might be related to the protein expression regulation of lipid metabolism,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis related signaling pathways.

[Network pharmacology study of Yi medicine Jinweitai Capsules in treating gastrointestinal diseases].

The network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were used to explore the mechanism of Jinweitai Capsules in the treatment of acute and chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and chronic colitis. The chemical components of herbs in Jinweitai Capsules were collected through TCMSP, CNKI and PubMed. Target prediction was performed through PubChem and SwissTargetPrediction databases; genes relating to acute and chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, chronic colitis were collected from OMIM database; potential targets of Jinweitai Capsules for relevant gastrointestinal diseases were obtained by Venny analysis; DAVID database was used to perform GO and KEGG enrichment analysis; protein interactions were obtained by STRING database and visua-lized by Cytoscape; AutoDockVina was used for molecular docking of AKT1, EGFR, PTPN11 and its reverse-selected chemical components. Potential mechanisms of Jinweitai Capsules in treating relevant gastrointestinal diseases were clarified according to the results of the docking. The results showed 86 potential active ingredients of Jinweitai Capsules and 268 potential targets for treatment of acute and chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and chronic colitis. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that 20 pathways relating to acute and chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and chronic colitis mainly involved calcium signaling pathway and chemokine signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed a good binding activity between AKT1, EGFR, PTPN11 and its reverse screening chemical components. Jinweitai Capsules may exert an effect in the treatment of acute and chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and chronic colitis by acting on AKT1, EGFR, PTPN11 and other targets in 15 signal pathways relating to cell inflammation and immunity, cell proliferation and apoptosis, Helicobacter pylori infection, and gastrointestinal tract.

Discovery and study on potential effect of herbal pair of Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis-Eucommiae Cortex on pregnancy hypertension based on network pharmacology and molecular docking / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the optimal indications and mechanism of Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis(UR)-Eucommiae Cortex(EC) in lowering blood pressure based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Chemical constituents were collected and screened by TCMSP database. Swiss Target Prediction platform was used to predict the related targets of the drug. OMIM, TCMIP and GeneCards databases were used to collect hypertension-related genes, and the intersections were taken to obtain potential targets for anti-hypertensive treatment of UR-EC. FunRich software was used to enrich the clinical phenotype and expression site of potential target of lowering blood pressure to analyze and predict the optimal indications of UR-EC. STRING database was used for KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and Cytoscape 3.7.2 was used to construct the network of "composition-target-pathway". The key targets and their corresponding components in the network were analyzed and obtained, and then molecular docking was applied for preliminary verification. Twenty potential active components of UR and 24 potential active components of EC were respectively collected, and 92 anti-hypertensive potential targets of UR-EC were obtained. According to FunRich enrichment results, the optimal indication of UR-EC was pregnancy hypertension, which involved calcium signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand receptor interaction, renin vascular tightening, VEGF signaling pathway, etc. In addition, AKT1, NOS2, ADRB2, F2, NOS3, SCN5 A, HTR2 A and JAK2 were considered as the key targets in the network. The molecular docking results showed that the screened potential active components had high binding activity with the key targets. This study preliminarily revealed that UR-EC may have therapeutic effects on pregnancy hypertension in terms of sedation, anti-hypertension, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, improvement of vascular endothelial function and so on.

[Pharmacophylogenetic study of genus Orobanche, Cistanche and Boschniakia].

The genus Orobanche, Cistanche and Boschniakia are taxonomically classified as members of Orobanchaceae. The medicinal plants of these three genera are closely related, and their traditional curative effects are similar. As representative compounds, phenethyl glycosides are predominantly dominant type both in amount and in chemical structural varieties, which are considered to be the important bioactive material basis of these genera. In this paper, phenethyl glycosides and their pharmacological activities are described in a single list. In addition, the other compounds were also reviewed in order to better compare the difference of the bioactive substances. These findings have important reference value for effective development and rational utilization of resources of medicinal plants in the family Orobanchaceae.

[Variation of rhizosphere environmental factors of sugarbeet seedlings under Na2CO3 stress and their correlation.] / Na2CO3èƒè¿«ä¸‹ç”œèœå¹¼è‹—æ ¹é™ åœŸå£¤çŽ¯å¢ƒå› å­çš„å˜åŒ–åŠå ¶ç›¸å ³æ€§.

To study the effect of saline-alkali stress on dry mass, rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and soil microbial quantities, pot experiments were designed two sugar beet varieties, 'KWS0143' (strong tolerance to saline-alkali) and 'Beta464' (weak tolerance to saline-alkali) planted in different Na2CO3 concentrations [0% (control), 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.2% of soil], and the dry mass of seedlings,soil enzyme activities and amount of microbiology in soil were recorded. The results showed that compared with the control, the dry mass of seedlings was significantly increased in the treatment of 0.4% Na2CO3, while it was significantly decreased in the 0.8% and 1.2% Na2CO3 treatments. Significant differences among treatments were observed. The soil urease, alkali phosphatase and peroxidase activities in the root rhizosphere of seedlings presented a similar tendency under different concentrations of Na2CO3. Compared with the control, the enzyme activities with the treatment 0.4% Na2CO3 were not significantly enhanced, while those in the treatment of 0.8% and 1.2% Na2CO3 were significantly reduced. All the soil enzymes' activities in 'KWS0143 were higher than in 'Beta464'. The 0.4% Na2CO3 did not lead to significant change of soil microbial community, but 0.8% and 1.2% Na2CO3 sharply decreased the amount of soil bacteria, fungi and actinomycets (P<0.05). The amount of rhizosphere soil microbe in 'KWS0143' was higher than in 'Beta464'. There were significantly positive correlation among the dry mass, soil enzymes and soil microbe of the two varietie. Path coefficient analysis showed the determinant coefficient of 'KWS0143' dry mass was in order of sctinomycetes > bacteria > peroxidase > urease > fungi > alkali phosphatase, while that 'Beta464' dry mass was in order of actinomycetes > peroxidase > urease > fungi > alkali phosphatase > bacteria.

[Determination of phenylethanoid glycosides in Orobanche coerulescens].

Orobanche caerulescens is an important medicinal resource in Orobanchaceae. The present study aims to establish methods for determination of acteoside, crenatoside, and total phenylethanoid glycosides in O. caerulescens, and determine the content in 15 samples to evaluate the resource utilization of this medicinal plant. The content of acteoside and crenatoside were quantitatively determined by HPLC, while total phenylpropanoid glycosides was estimated by UV-VIS spectrophotometry. According to the results, the content of acteoside was the highest in O. caerulescens, followed by crenatoside. The contents of acteoside, crenatoside, and total phenylethanoid glycosides were between 1.15% - 15.60%, 0.83% - 4.47%, and 6.78% - 27.43%, respectively, which had significant differences. The acquisition time has great influence on the content of main components of O. caerulescens. The content of phenylethanoid glycosides is higher in the samples which were collected at the flowering stage. The two determination methods were proved to be simple, accurate and reliable, and can be used to evaluate the quality and resource utilization of O. caerulescens.