Injectable Magnetic Hydrogel Filler for Synergistic Bone Tumor Hyperthermia Chemotherapy.

The therapeutic efficacy of bone tumor treatment is primarily limited by inadequate tumor resection, resulting in recurrence and metastasis, as well as the deep location of tumors. Herein, an injectable doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded magnetic alginate hydrogel (DOX@MAH) was developed to evaluate the efficacy of an alternating magnetic field (AMF)-responsive, chemothermal synergistic therapy for multimodality treatment of bone tumors. The prepared hydrogel exhibits a superior drug-loading capacity and a continuous DOX release. This multifunctionality can be attributed to the combined use of DOX for chemotherapy and iron oxide nanoparticle-containing alginate hydrogels as magnetic hyperthermia agents to generate hyperthermia for tumor elimination without the limit on penetration depth. Moreover, the hydrogel can be formed when in contact with the calcium ions, which are abundant in bone tissues; therefore, this hydrogel could perfectly fit the bone defects caused by the surgical removal of the bone tumor tissue, and the hydrogel could tightly attach the surgical margin of the bone to realize a high efficacy residual tumor tissue elimination treated by chemothermal synergistic therapy. The hydrogel demonstrates excellent hyperthermia performance, as evidenced by in vitro cytotoxicity tests on tumor cells. These tests reveal that the combined therapy based on DOX@MAH under AMF significantly induces cell death compared to single magnetic hyperthermia or chemotherapy. In vivo antitumor effects in tumor-bearing mice demonstrate that DOX@MAH injection at the tumor site effectively inhibits tumor growth and leads to tumor necrosis. This work not only establishes an effective DOX@MAH system as a synergistic chemothermal therapy platform for treating bone tumors but also sheds light on the application of alginate to combine calcium ions of the bone to treat bone defect diseases.

Magnetic resonance-guided ablation of liver tumors: A systematic review and pooled analysis.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to study the clinical outcomes of different types of magnetic resonance (MR)-guided ablation for the treatment of liver tumors by performing a systematic review and pooled analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed for clinical trials published from January 1997 to October 2019 in PubMed, the Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Pooled analyses were performed to obtain the complete ablation (CA), complication, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) rates. RESULTS: Thirty studies were eligible, including four studies on MR-guided microwave ablation (MWA); 14 studies on MR-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA); one study on both MR-guided MWA and RFA; eight studies on MR-guided, laser-induced thermotherapy (LITT); two studies on MR-guided percutaneous cryoablation (PC); and one study on MR-guided percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI). The CA rates in patients who underwent RFA, MWA, LITT, PC, and PEI were 95.60%, 98.86%, 77.78%, 47.92%, and 85.71%, respectively. The most frequent complications were pain (27.66%, 13/47) and postablation syndrome (27.66%, 13/47) in the PC group; pleural effusion (8.11%, 119/1,468) and subcapsular hematoma (2.25%, 33/1,468) in the LITT group; pleural effusion (2.67%, 2/75) in the MWA group; and subcapsular hematoma (4.18%, 20/478) and post-ablation syndrome (2.93%, 14/478) in the RFA group. There were few studies reporting PFS and OS. CONCLUSIONS: MR-guided ablation is a practicable alternative treatment for liver tumors, especially MR-guided RFA and MWA, which have high rates of CA and low occurrences of complications.

Expert consensus workshop report: Guidelines for thermal ablation of primary and metastatic lung tumors (2018 edition).

Although surgical resection with curative intent is the main therapy for both primary and metastatic lung tumors, about 80% of lung cancers cannot be removed by surgery. Because most patients with unresectable lung cancer only receive limited benefits from traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, many novel local treatment modalities have emerged including local ablation therapy. The Minimally Invasive Treatment of Lung Cancer Branch, Professional Committee of Minimally Invasive Treatment of Cancer of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and Committee on Tumor Ablations, Chinese College of Interventionalists have organized multidisciplinary experts to develop guidelines for this treatment modality. These guidelines aim at standardizing thermal ablation procedures, describing the indications for candidates, assessing outcomes, and preventing postablation complications.