[Study on in vitro release and percutaneous absorption for Zhitong cataplasm].

To evaluate in vitro release and transdermal behaviors of Zhitong cataplasm, modified Franz diffusion cell method was applied to investigate in vitro transdermal absorption of Zhitong cataplasm and the content of tetrahydropalmatine was determined by HPLC. In 24 hours, accumulative release rate of tetrahydropalmatine was 81. 9%, transmission rate was 2.26 microg x cm(-2) x h(-1). In 48 hours, accumulative transdermal rate and transmission rate of tetrahydropalmatine were 20.31%, 0.22 pg x cm(-2) x h(-1). So Zhitong cataplasm had a good release and transdermal properties and transdermal actions were consistent with zero-order kinetics process.

[Research on HPLC fingerprint of Rheum palmatum from Gansu Province called "quan-shui-da-huang"].

OBJECTIVE: To establish an analysis method for HPLC fingerprint of Rheum palmatum collected from Gansu province (called "Quan-shui-da-huang"), and provide basis for quality control of Quan-shui-da-huang. METHODS: The Cosmosil 5C18-PAQ column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) was used with the mixture of 0.1% acetic acid and acetonitrile as mobile phase in a gradient elution mode. The flow rate was 1 mL/min, column temperature was 30 degrees C and detection wavelength was set at 280 nm. The similarity evaluation, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis of crude drugs collected from different habitats were carried out. RESULTS: The analysis method of HPLC fingerprint was set up. The characteristic fingerprint was obtained by chemometrics methods. CONCLUSION: Under the selected chromatographic conditions, constituents in Rheum palmatum can be separated well. This method can be used for the quality control of Quan-shui-da-huang.

Variations in the composition of Fructus Evodiae after processing with Radix Glycyrrhizae extract.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the changes in the concentrations of five components in Fructus Evodiae used in Chinese medicine, including evodiamine and glycyrrhizic acid, during processing of Fructus Evodiae with Radix Glycyrrhizae extract by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and to provide a scientific basis for different clinical uses of processed and unprocessed Fructus Evodiae. METHODS: The concentrations of the Fructus Evodiae components in processed or unprocessed Fructus Evodiae were evaluated by HPLC using a YMC J'sphere ODS-H80 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 µm) with acetonitrile-water-tetrahydrofuran-acetic acid (41:59:1:0.2, v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 225 nm, the column temperature was 35°C, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and the injection volume was 10 µL. The concentrations of the Radix Glycyrrhizae components were determined by HPLC with a Kromasil-C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 4 µm) and a gradient elution of acetonitrile (A) and 0.05% aqueous phosphoric acid (B) as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 237 nm, the column temperature was 35 °C, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and the injection volume was 10 µL. RESULTS: The calibration curves of evodia lactone, evodiamine, rutaecarpine, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizin showed good linear relationships (r>0.99). The recoveries of evodia lactone, evodiamine, rutaecarpine, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizin were 96.59%, 104.18%, 101.91%, 97.75%, and 97.95%, respectively. The concentrations of the components in processed Fructus Evodiae were obviously different to those in unprocessed Fructus Evodiae. CONCLUSIONS: The developed method is rapid and accurate. The results provide a reference for processed Fructus Evodiae and the changes that could be expected in its effects compared to unprocessed Fructus Evodiae.

[The HPLC fingerprint analysis of Fructus citri].

OBJECTIVE: To study and establish the fingerprint of raw Fructus Citri by phased high performance liquid chromatography. METHOD: The chromatographic conditions were as follows: a Kromasil C18 column was used; the mobile phase was composed of methanol and acetic-water(3.1:100, v/v) with gradient elution; the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and the UV absorbance detection was set at 284 nm. RESULT: Under the selected chromatographic conditions, good HPLC fingerprints of Fructus Citri were obtained. CONCLUSION: Quality of raw Fructus Citri can be controlled effectively by HPLC fingerprint.

[Effects of different types and standard of processing vinegaron inherent constituents in rhizoma of Corydalis yanhusuo].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of processing adjuvants-different types of processing vinegar on effective constituents in rhizoma of Corydalis yanhusuo, and evaluate the quality of different types of vinegar in China. METHOD: The HPLC method was adopted to determine the extraction solubility of dl-tetrahydropalmation and total alkaloids in rhizoma of Corydalis yanhusuo processed by vinegar. The sample extracts were separated on kromasil ODS column with mobile phase of methanol-1% phosphoric acid solution(65:35) and detection wavelength was 280 nm. RESULT: There was a remarkable increase in extraction solubility of dl-tetrahydropalmation and total alkaloids in the rhizoma of Corydalis yanhusuo processed by the vinegar products with high content of total acids or with known trademarks. CONCLUSION: Some types of vinegar with known trademarks had been preliminarily selected for the process of Chinese traditional medicine and they also met the requitrement of processing adjuvants with medicine grade. The results will be benefited to the foundation of standardization of vinegar.

[Influence of processing rhubarb on it's anthraquinone contents].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of processing of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei on it's five anthraquinone components, and to develop a HPLC quantatitive method for these components in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. METHOD: Chromatographic conditions are as follow: Kromasil-C18 (4.6 mmx 150 mm, 5 microm) column, ethanol -H2O-H3PO4 (85:15:0.1) as mobile phase and the detection wavelength at 254 nm. RESULT: The average recoveries are 97.9% (aleo-emodin), 97.1% (rhein), 97.6% (emodin), 97.4% (chrysophanol) and 99.1% (physcion). RSD are 1.4%, 1.1%, 0.9%, 1.1% and 2.2% correspondingly. After processing, the contents of five anthraquinone aglycones descended compared with the crude material, the descending percentage are 15.9% (aleo-emodin), 28.0% (rhein), 25.8% (emodin), 10.0% (chrysophanol) and 10.3% (physcion). CONCLUSION: This method is simple, sensitive and repeatable. It' canbeased for quality control of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and it's processed products.

[Study on qualitative and quantitative methods for yinhuang liangxiao granule].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the quality standard of yinhuang langxiao granule. METHOD: The Panax notoginseng, Arnebia euchromq, Cornus officinalis, Lonicera japonica, Artemisiae annua were identified by TLC. The content of chrysophanol in granule was determined by HPLC. RESULT: Spots of samples on TLC can be well separated and the method had good specificity. The average recovery of chrysophanol was 98.7% and RSD was 0.67%. CONCLUSION: An accurate, simple and effective quality-controlling method has been developed, which can be used for quality control for yinhuang langxiao granule.

[Determination of synephrine and N-methyltyramine in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae viride by HPLC].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a quantitative method for determination of synephrine and N-methyltyramine in Citri Reticulatae. METHOD: Samples were extracted with 30% methanol. ODS column was used with methanol-water-sodium dodecyl sulfate (55:45:0.1) as mobile phase. Detection wavelength was 285 nm. RESULT: Synephrine and N-methyltyramine in sample solution were well separated. Linearity of synephrine was good (r = 0.9999) in range of 0.35-11.24 microg. The average recovery was 97.1%, and RSD of repeatability was 1.9%. CONCLUSION: This method can be used for quality control of Citri Reticulatae.

[Determination of carvacrol and thymol in Mosla chinensis by HPLC].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a quantitative method of determination of carvacrol and thymol in Mosla chinensis. METHOD: The sample was extracted with 95% ethanol, ODS column was used with methanol-water-acetic acid (60:40:2) as mobile phase. The detection wavelength was set at 274 nm. RESULT: The linearities of carvacrol and thymol were respectively in the range of 0.23-2.15 microg (r = 0.9999) and 0.39-2.36 microg (r = 0.9999); the average recoveries were 99.9% (RSD 1.4%) and 98.6% (RSD 1.3%); the RSD of repeatability were 1.1% and 1.6%. CONCLUSION: The method is reliable, and can be used for quality control of M. chinensis.