Investigations of Ascorbic Acid Synthesis and Distribution in Broiler Tissues at Different Post-Hatch Days.

Ascorbic acid (AA) is an indispensable nutrient required to sustain optimal poultry health and performance, which is commonly excluded from the diet of broilers. To investigate the synthesis and distribution of AA during broiler growth and clarify its possible turnover, 144 1 d old healthy Arbor Acres broilers with a body weight of approximately 41 g were randomly assigned to eight groups of 18 broilers each. The kidney, liver, ileum, and spleen of one bird from each group were collected every week until 42 d to detect the synthesis capacity, tissue distribution, and transporter gene expression of AA. The results showed that kidney L-gulonolactone oxidase (GLO) activity responded quadratically (p < 0.001), with maximum activity observed at 7 to 21 d old. Hepatic total AA and dehydroascrobate (DHA) concentration increased linearly (p < 0.001) with age, as did splenic total AA (p < 0.001). In the ileum, mRNA expression of sodium vitamin C transporter 1/2 (SVCT1/2) decreased with the growing age of the broilers (p < 0.05). The expression of SVCT1 in the kidney was not influenced by the growing age of the broilers. The progressive buildup of AA in the liver and spleen of broilers as they age implies an amplified demand for this nutrient. The waning synthesis capacity over time, however, raises concerns regarding the possible inadequacy of AA in the latter growth phase of broilers. The addition of AA to the broilers' diet might have the potential to optimize their performance. However, the effectiveness of such dietary supplementation requires further investigation.

Therapeutic Effect Analysis of Plasma Bipolar Intelligent Electrotonic for Cystostomy in the Treatment of Senile Prostatic Hyperplasia.

To solve prostatic hyperplasia in the elderly, a method of cystostomy with plasma bipolar resection was proposed. From January 2019 to March 2020, 42 patients with BPH who needed surgical treatment in the urological department were selected. Cystostomy was performed in bipolar TURP. The cystostomy group and robot group were divided into two groups. The surgical safety, surgical efficiency, complications, and nursing time between the two groups were compared. The results showed that the experimental and control groups' RUV values were significantly lower than those before surgery. In comparison, the Qmax value was considerably higher than that before surgery. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), suggesting that the cystostomy group in bipolar TURP had more substantial improvement of dysuria, better recovery of detrusor function, and better prognosis. It was proved that, for BPH below 80 g, cystostomy could reduce the operation time, bladder irrigation time, catheter indwelling time, and postoperative hospital stay, improve the operation efficiency, and have the same effect on patients' symptoms improvement, more excellent psychological support, and higher quality of life score. It is proved that plasma bipolar resection combined with cystostomy can effectively improve annual BPH surgery.

Susceptibility of epithelial tumour cell lines to hyperthermia.

BACKGROUND: Human skin or mucosa exposes cells to both an internal and exogeneous thermal environment and the cells survive within a certain range of temperature. Exogeneous hyperthermia has been applied for the treatment of various types of cancers, fungal disease, and warts. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether different cellular components in the skin adapt to hyperthermic conditions differentially and further elucidate the mechanisms involved. MATERIALS & METHODS: Cell lines derived from normal and tumour epithelial cells were treated with hyperthermic conditions and tested for viability (using an MTS assay), apoptosis (using a FITC-conjugated annexin V apoptosis detection kit), and changes in intracellular calcium (using a calcium-sensitive fluorescent single-wavelength dye, Fluo-4 AM). RESULTS: Thermo-resistance of different cell types was different when cells were subjected to heat at 45̊C for 30 minutes. Stronger effects of hyperthermia were noted on cell viability and apoptosis in epidermal cells relative to their malignant counterparts, except for cell lines harbouring human papillomavirus (HPV). Hyperthermia had a much greater effect on cell viability and apoptosis in a HPV-negative cell line compared to HPV-positive cell lines. We further found that hyperthermia treatment resulted in a strong calcium influx which led to apoptotic cells. However, no obvious increase in apoptosis was observed in cells treated with the CRAC channel selective inhibitor, BTP2, before application of hyperthermia in all cell types, except three cervical cell lines harbouring HPV. CONCLUSION: We propose that hyperthermia results in a CRAC-related strong calcium influx which induces apoptosis, with the exception of HPV-positive cells.

[Optimization of a compound prescription for treating liver fibrosis].

OBJECTIVE: To optimize a compound prescription for treatment of liver fibrosis with an improved therapeutic effect and low toxicity. METHODS: In rat models of liver fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA), the optimized prescription was screened based on a uniform design with 2-factor 5-level table using Uniform Design 3.0 software and tested using liver content of Hyp as the screening index. To verify the efficacy of the optimized prescription, the rat models of liver fibrosis were randomized into normal control group, model group, colchicine group and optimized prescription group, and the changes of hepatic Hyp content, serum HA, ALT, AST, and ALB levels, and the pathology liver fibrosis were observed after corresponding treatments. RESULTS: The optimized prescription, which contained 70 mg/kg glycyrrhizin and 70 mg/kg matrine, showed a significant therapeutic effect against liver fibrosis in rats (Plt;0.05), and the effect was equivalent to that of colchicine (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Uniform design is a valuable method in prescription optimization. The optimized compound prescription of matrine and glycyrrhizin has a significant effect in inhibiting liver fibrosis.

[Determination of ferulic acid in Fuan oral liquid by high-performance capillary electrophoresis].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a quality control method of Fuan oral liquid. METHODS: High-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) was used to determine the content of feruild acid in Herba taraxaci, and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was performed to identify Herba taraxaci and Bupleurum chinense. The condition of HPCE was optimized with a fuse silica capillary tube (70 microm x 60 cm) and 20 mmol/L sodium tetraborate buffer (pH9.18) at a constant voltage of 12 kV and temperature at 25 degrees celsius;, with the detection wavelength at 313 nm. RESULTS: Clear spots were displayed on TLC. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 8-40 microg/ml for ferulic acid (Y=360.5-207.4, r=0.9997, n=5). The average recovery rate exceeded 95% with a RSD<3% (n=3). CONCLUSION: This method is simple and specific with a good reproducibility for quality control of Fuan oral liquid.

[Qualitative fingerprint and quantitative determination of caffeic acid in compound dandelion enema].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a qualitative and quantitative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with fingerprinting technique for quality control of compound dandelion enema. METHODS: HPLC was utilized for quality assessment of 10 batches of samples. RP-HPLC analysis was performed on a Hypersil BDS C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) with the mixture of acetonitrile (A) and potassium phosphate solution (B) (pH3.2) as the mobile phase in gradient mode. The concentrations of solvent A were 10%, 80% and 80% at 0, 38 and 40 min, respectively. The column temperature was set at 35 degrees C, the flow rate at 0.7 ml/min and the detection wavelength at 254 nm. RESULTS: HPLC fingerprinting was established from the 10 batches, and the data showed 23 characteristic peaks in the compound dandelion enema for use as index peaks for qualitative identification. Comparison of the retention time and the on-line UV spectra of the samples with the chemical standards identified peaks 3, 4 and 8 as protocatechualdehyde, caffeic acid and ferulic acid, respectively. The contents of caffeic acid in the compound dandelion enema ranged between 63.7 and 136.8 microg/ml. CONCLUSION: High specific chromatographic fingerprinting and quantitative measurement of caffeic acid allows rigorous quality control of compound dandelion enema.