RESUMEN
Sono-photodynamic sterilization technology (SPDT) has become a promising non-thermal food sterilization technique because of its high penetrating power and outstanding microbicidal effects. In this study, Listeria monocytogenes (LMO) was effectively inactivated using curcumin as the sono-photosensitizer activated by ultrasound and blue LED light. The SPDT treatment at optimized conditions yielded a 4-log reduction in LMO CFU. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in LMO upon SPDT treatment was subsequently investigated. The results demonstrated SPDT treatment-induced excessive ROS generation led to bacterial cell deformation and membrane rupture, as revealed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and cytoplasmic material leakage. Moreover, agarose gel electrophoresis and SDS-PAGE further revealed that SPDT also triggered bacterial genomic DNA cleavage and protein degradation in LMO, thus inducing bacterial apoptosis-like events, such as membrane depolarization.
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Shrimp surimi is widely acknowledged as a value-added shrimp product due to its delicious taste, rich flavor, and nutrition. However, the refrigerated shrimp surimi is prone to deterioration due to rapid microbial growth during storage. The present study sought to assess the effects of curcumin-mediated sono/photodynamic treatment on bacterial spoilage and shrimp surimi quality stored at 4 °C. The total viable count (TVC), microbiota composition, and quality parameters, including the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARs), and pH were investigated. The results showed that the spoilage bacteria in shrimp surimi rapidly increased with a surge on day 2 during refrigeration storage. The Psychrobacter and Brochothrix were identified as the Specific Spoilage Organisms (SSOs), which were also positively correlated with TVB-N and TBARs. The results further elucidated that the sono/photodynamic treatment could significantly inhibit the growth of SSOs on the surface and interior of shrimp surimi and delay shrimp surimi quality deterioration. In conclusion, the sono/photodynamic treatment as a non-thermal sterilization method could be a reliable and potential method for inactivating spoilage microorganisms and preserving shrimp surimi quality.
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Curcumina , Conservación de Alimentos , Microbiota , Penaeidae , Alimentos Marinos , Animales , Bacterias , Curcumina/farmacología , Almacenamiento de Alimentos , Nitrógeno , Penaeidae/efectos de los fármacos , Penaeidae/microbiología , Penaeidae/efectos de la radiación , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido TiobarbitúricoRESUMEN
Pleurotus tuber-regium (PTR) is an edible specialty mushroom that has attracted growing interest recently because of its sensory attributes, high nutritional values, and important medicinal properties. PTR is rich in bioactive polysaccharides, proteins with essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins. Current studies have shown that the nutrients and bioactive ingredients of PTR contribute to their antitumor, antihypercholesterolemic, antihypertensive, antiobesity, hepatic-protective, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and prebiotic activities, indicating that PTR is a promising functional food and nutraceutical. In this review, the chemical constituents and physiological functions of PTR are summarized, which provide the scientific basis to support the further research and development of its application in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Alimentos Funcionales/análisis , Pleurotus/química , Aminoácidos/análisis , Animales , Antioxidantes/análisis , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Humanos , Extractos Vegetales/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Polisacáridos/análisis , Polisacáridos/farmacología , Verduras/químicaRESUMEN
Phenolic compounds are important functional bioactive substances distributed in various food plants. They have gained wide interest from researchers due to their multiple health benefits. There are two forms of phenolic compounds: free form and bound form. The latter is also called bound phenolics (BPs), which are found mainly in the cell wall and distributed in various tissues/organs of the plant body. They can either chemically bind to macromolecules and food matrixes or be physically entrapped in food matrixes and intact cells. Various isolation methods, including chemical, biological, and physical methods, have been employed to extract BPs from plants. BPs have been shown to have strong biological activities, including antioxidant, probiotic, anticancer, anti-inflammation, antiobesity, and antidiabetic effects as well as beneficial effects on central nervous system diseases. This review summarizes research findings on these topics to help in better understanding of BPs and provide comprehensive information on their health effects.
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Fenoles , Plantas Comestibles , Antioxidantes , Alimentos , Fenoles/análisis , Extractos VegetalesRESUMEN
In the present study, the removal effect of dealuminated jellyfish on Aluminum (Al) in mice was evaluated. The results showed that the consumption of dealuminated jellyfish significantly decreased Al accumulation in the liver of mice, indicating an Al-removing effect of dealuminated jellyfish on Al-enriched mice. In addition, the effect of dealuminated jellyfish consumption on an Al-overload model was further evaluated. The result showed that the Al content in different tissues and organs of mice was significantly reduced, but it had no significant effect on the other metallic element content. These results indicated that the samples from oral administration have a certain Al-removing effect in Al-overloaded mice. Moreover, the cluster analysis of differentially expressed proteins in blood and liver showed that a high dose of dealuminated jellyfish improve the expression of amine oxidase B and enhance the effect of Al discharge.
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Administración Oral , Aluminio/toxicidad , Escifozoos/metabolismo , Aluminio/administración & dosificación , Aluminio/análisis , Animales , Cromatografía Liquida , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones , Organismos Libres de Patógenos Específicos , Espectrometría de Masas en TándemRESUMEN
Trans-cinnamic acid (tCA) is a phenylpropenoic acid, which occurs naturally in a number of plants. In this study, the anti-obese effects of tCA were evaluated in oleic acid (OA)-induced HepG2 cells and high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. The results showed tCA treatment significantly decreased lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells exposed to OA. Furthermore, administration of tCA (40 mg/kg/day) curbed body weight gains, reduced liver and adipose tissue weight, and ameliorated hepatic steatosis and adipose hypertrophy in mice fed with HFD. In addition, significant decrease in plasma levels of TG, TC and LDL-C were also observed in HFD-fed mice with tCA treatment. Collectively, tCA may play a vital role in preventing and treating diet induced obesity.
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Fármacos Antiobesidad/uso terapéutico , Cinamatos/uso terapéutico , Hígado Graso/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Cinamatos/química , Dieta Alta en Grasa , Suplementos Dietéticos , Ingestión de Alimentos/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado Graso/patología , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de los fármacos , EstereoisomerismoRESUMEN
In this study, the antiobesity effects of n-butanol extract of lotus seeds (LBE) were evaluated in cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. LBE decreased lipid contents in mature 3T3-L1 cells without obvious cytotoxicity. Meanwhile, LBE supplementation also led to weight loss and improved plasma lipid profiles in HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, LBE could activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) accompanied by down-regulation of lipogenesis related genes (PPARγ, aP2, LPL, C/EBPα, FAS, SREBP-1c) and up-regulation of lipolysis genes (adiponectin and PPARα) in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our data demonstrated LBE possesses antiadipogenic and antilipogenic activities which are, at least partially, mediated by the activation of AMPK signaling pathways.
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Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP/metabolismo , Adipocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Fármacos Antiobesidad/administración & dosificación , Lotus/química , Obesidad/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Células 3T3-L1 , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP/genética , Adipocitos/enzimología , Adipocitos/metabolismo , Adipogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Fármacos Antiobesidad/aislamiento & purificación , Proteína alfa Potenciadora de Unión a CCAAT/genética , Proteína alfa Potenciadora de Unión a CCAAT/metabolismo , Dieta Alta en Grasa/efectos adversos , Humanos , Metabolismo de los Lípidos/efectos de los fármacos , Lipogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Obesidad/genética , Obesidad/metabolismo , Obesidad/fisiopatología , PPAR gamma/genética , PPAR gamma/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Semillas/química , Proteína 1 de Unión a los Elementos Reguladores de Esteroles/genética , Proteína 1 de Unión a los Elementos Reguladores de Esteroles/metabolismoRESUMEN
The composition profile and the antioxidant properties of phenolics in water extracts obtained from the fresh fruiting bodies of 4 common cultivated Asian edible mushrooms-Agrocybe aegerita, Pleurotus ostreatus, P. eryngii, and Pholiota nameko were compared. The water extract from A. aegerita (AaE) had the highest total phenolic content (TPC) at 54.18 ± 0.27 gallic acid equivalents (µmol/L)/mg extract (P < 0.05), as measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and consisted of the largest number (including gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid) and total amounts of phenolic acids identified by Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The water extract of Ph. nameko was found to have the second-highest TPC (43.55 ± 0.10 gallic acid equivalents [µmol/L]/mg extract), followed by the water extract of P. eryngii and the water extract of P. ostreatus (39.55 ± 0.25 and 39.02 ± 0.30 gallic acid equivalents/mg extract, respectively). The scavenging activities of the water extracts from these mushrooms were evaluated against 2,2-diphenyl-l-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anion radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and hydrogen peroxide. Based on halfmaximal effective concentrations, AaE was more effective in scavenging hydrogen peroxide (<0.05), followed by DPPH (0.51 mg/mL), superoxide anion radicals (0.85 mg/mL) and hydroxyl radicals (5.94 mg/mL), then the other mushroom water extracts. The differences in the half-maximal effective concentrations of individual mushroom water extracts were probably the result of the different numbers and amounts of individual phenolic acids in the extracts. The antioxidant activities of the mushroom water extracts were correlated with their TPC. The strongest antioxidant properties of AaE were consistent with its highest TPC and with the largest number and amount of phenolics identified in the extract. These results indicated that cultivated edible mushrooms could be a potential source of natural antioxidants with free radical scavenging properties for application as a functional food ingredient.
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Agaricales/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Productos Biológicos/farmacología , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Fenoles/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Productos Biológicos/química , Productos Biológicos/aislamiento & purificación , Ácidos Cumáricos/análisis , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/aislamiento & purificación , Cuerpos Fructíferos de los Hongos/química , Hidroxibenzoatos/análisis , Radical Hidroxilo/análisis , Fenoles/química , Fenoles/aislamiento & purificación , Pleurotus/químicaRESUMEN
Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fries) Singer (PTR), both an edible and a medicinal mushroom also known as tiger milk mushroom, has experienced growing popularity and economic importance due to its flavor, nutritive value, and medicinal effects. In this study, the antioxidant and antiangiogenic activities of a 60% ethanol extract (EE) obtained from the sclerotium of PTR were investigated. Typical phenolic compounds including protocatechuic, chlorogenic, syringic, ferulic, and folic acid were identified and quantified in EE by the HPLC-UV-ESI/MS analyses. EE possessed strong antioxidant activity and could dose-dependently inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) migration and tube formation. qPCR results showed that VEGF-induced FGF, ANG-Tie, and MMP gene expression as well as VEGFR were down-regulated at the mRNA level after treated with EE, suggesting that multiple molecular targets related to angiogenesis was involved. Furthermore, EE also inhibited the formation of subintestinal vessel plexus (SIVs) in zebrafish embryos in vivo. All of these suggested that EE of PTR could be the source of potential inhibitors to target angiogenesis.