RESUMEN
Freshwater clams (Corbicula fluminea) have long been used as a folk remedy in Chinese tradition. Their hot-water extract has been commercialized as a functional drink for liver protection. The objective of this study was to develop a product of the residual clam meat (FCR) and assess its functional compounds. The ethanol extract of FCR, designated FCRE, was identified to comprise phytosterols, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and carotenoids. FCRE significantly reduced lipid accumulation and cell death in HepG2 cells via decreased fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity and increased activities of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) and acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO), indicative of suppressed lipogenesis and increased ß-oxidation of fatty acids. In tilapia fed with high-fat diet (HFD), FCRE mitigated nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which was evidenced by decreased levels of plasma aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), in addition to reduced total cholesterol and accumulation of triacylglycerols, particularly those of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. FCRE also suppressed stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1) index, increased the PUFAs' n3/n6 ratio, and reduced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and inflammatory infiltrates in tilapia liver. Tilapia fed with HFD for 2 weeks displayed NASH symptoms, while mice took 10 weeks to display NASH symptoms. No previous study has been reported on the potential use of tilapia as an NASH model for pre-screening hepatoprotective-functional foods.
Asunto(s)
Bivalvos/química , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/tratamiento farmacológico , Sustancias Protectoras/administración & dosificación , Acil-CoA Oxidasa/metabolismo , Animales , Carnitina O-Palmitoiltransferasa/metabolismo , Colesterol/metabolismo , Ácido Graso Sintasas/metabolismo , Ácidos Grasos/metabolismo , Humanos , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Carne/análisis , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/enzimología , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/metabolismo , Sustancias Protectoras/química , Sustancias Protectoras/aislamiento & purificación , Triglicéridos/metabolismoRESUMEN
The anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of two different species of traditional Chinese medicines that shared the same name have been studied. The extracts of Glycine radix have higher activities in free radical-scavenging activity determined with DPPH, reduction in hemoglobin-catalyzed lipid auto-oxidation and inhibition of the lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-catalyzed arachidonate oxidation compared to the activities of extract of Flemingia. One of the significant bioactive constituents of Glycine radix has been isolated and identified as daidzein.