The Role of Religion, Spirituality and Social Media in the Journey of Eating Disorders: A Qualitative Exploration of Participants in the "TastelifeUK" Eating Disorder Recovery Programme.

This study explores the religious and spiritual aspects of eating disorder recovery and the role of social media in the context of a third sector community-based recovery group in the UK. Four online focus groups explored participant perspectives (17 participants in total) using thematic analysis. The qualitative findings highlight that relational support from God is important in eating disorder recovery and coping, although this can be challenged by spiritual struggles and tensions. Relational support from people is also relevant where it offers a place to share different experiences together giving a sense of community belonging. Social media was also found to be important in relation to eating disorders, either providing a community of support or exacerbating existing issues. This study suggests that the role of religion and social media should be acknowledged where it is important for that individual in relation to eating disorder recovery.

Spiritual Care within Dietetic Practice: A Systematic Literature Review.

Registered dietitians assess, diagnose and treat nutritional problems. Although integral to healthcare, their role in spiritual care is unknown. We conducted a systematic review of spiritual needs and spiritual care in nutrition and dietetic practice. Subject Headings and keywords were used to search Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO and AMED for studies exploring spiritual care and nutrition or dietetic practice. From 1433 records, 13 studies were included. Medium quality evidence showed unmet spiritual needs among dietetic patients suffering from cancer, COPD, heart failure and diabetes. Unmet needs occurred in patients from a variety of ethnicities, religions and none. However, dietitians were only involved in spiritual care regarding nutrition and hydration at the end of life. Integrating spiritual screening and sign-posting within dietetic practice is prudent, but clinical trials are needed to evaluate its effectiveness.

The development of the Religious Health Interventions in Behavioural Science (RHIBS) Taxonomy: a scientific classification of religious practices in health.

The development and delivery of religiously integrated health interventions is increasing, however lack of nomenclature to specify the religious components presents barriers to replication, implementation, and evidence synthesis. We describe the development of the "Religious Health Interventions in Behavioural Sciences (RHIBS)" Taxonomy, the first scientific classification of religious intervention components to be used globally by chaplains, healthcare providers, and researchers interested in the scientific study of religion, spirituality, and health. We developed a taxonomy of empirically used religious intervention components in health, sought international cross-disciplinary consensus for definitions and tested its usability. Study 1: systematic review of intervention studies to identify religious components tested within healthcare; development of taxonomy nomenclature, definitions, and categories. Study 2: Delphi exercise with 19 international, cross-disciplinary experts from a variety of religions. Study 3: "think aloud" study and usability testing with 10 end-users. Study 1: 12,337 papers identified from search, 167 intervention studies included, plus an additional 74 from hand-searching 14 systematic reviews. A taxonomy of 191 religious components, grouped into 27 categories resulted. Study 2: two Delphi rounds resulted in international and cross-disciplinary consensus of a revised taxonomy of 81 religious components grouped into 23 categories. Study 3: usability testing by participants (range of disciplines, geography, and religions) led to a final taxonomy comprising 82 religious components grouped into 22 categories and supported by online training. The "RHIBS Taxonomy," is the first multidisciplinary, global shared language within religion, spirituality, and health, ushering in a new era for religious interventions to be precisely defined, developed, and tested; shaping the evidence-base for future healthcare research/practice.

Currently, religious health interventions are poorly defined and internationally we do not have a shared language that we can use when discussing religious practices. A shared language will help us to understand the different religious practices used. We need this, because we can then find out which religious practices are helpful and which are unhelpful in improving health outcomes. Our project answered the following questions: "Can religious practices within health interventions be scientifically classified? Can the classification gain international, cross-disciplinary agreement? Can the classification be reliably and easily used?" We found 82 religious practices that have been explored scientifically, we grouped these practices into 22 larger categories to organize and build a classification system that received agreement from international experts from a range of occupational backgrounds. The religious practices have been labeled and defined to make a common language that everyone internationally can share when talking about religious practices in relation to health. The classification system will help to identify and implement the most beneficial religious practices to health and will inform healthcare practice.

Nurse-led mental and physical healthcare for the homeless community: A qualitative evaluation.

Increased morbidity and mortality rates are prominent issues among homeless individuals. To help reduce these health inequalities, dedicated senior mental and physical health nurses have been deployed to work within and alongside local statutory and voluntary organisations. This qualitative evaluation examined the impact of nurse-led homeless healthcare in Warwickshire, United Kingdom. During January and February 2021, online semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 professionals including the mental and physical homeless health nurses (n = 4), statutory health and local authority professionals (n = 4), and voluntary and community sector professionals (n = 9). Interviews were qualitatively analysed using inductive, reflexive thematic analysis. Data analysis identified three overarching themes related to the meaning, impact and future development of nurse-led homeless healthcare: (1) Nurse-led homeless healthcare and health inequalities, (2) The multi-agency approach of nurse-led homeless healthcare, and (3) Future development of nurse-led homeless healthcare. The findings confirm the benefits of homeless healthcare in reducing health inequalities and promoting a more accessible, flexible and person-centred approach to holistic care. Yet, prevailing organisational and system-level barriers were also identified as currently limiting the capacity, provision and practicalities of delivering nurse-led homeless healthcare. Recommendations were identified with international relevance and included: (i) continued implementation of person-centred healthcare for homeless individuals, (ii) strengthening of organisational collaboration and communication pathways to improve coordinated care, (iii) development of the managerial and structural aspects of provision, (iv) addressing limitations associated with scope and capacity to ensure that delivered healthcare is adequately intensive, (v) increased availability of clinical or therapeutic spaces, and (vi) implementation of long-term plans supported by evaluation and commissioning.

Towards a standardized nutrition and dietetics terminology for clinical practice: An Austrian multicenter clinical documentation analysis based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)-Dietetics.

BACKGROUND: High quality, continuity and safe interdisciplinary healthcare is essential. Nutrition and dietetics plays an important part within the interdisciplinary team in many health conditions. In order to work more effectively as an interdisciplinary team, a common terminology is needed. This study investigates which categories of the ICF-Dietetics are used in clinical dietetic care records in Austria and which are most relevant to shared language in different medical areas. METHOD: A national multicenter retrospective study was conducted to collect clinical dietetic care documentation reports. The analysis included the "best fit" framework synthesis, and a mapping exercise using the ICF Linking Rules. Medical diagnosis and intervention concepts were excluded from the mapping, since they are not supposed to be classified by the ICF. RESULTS: From 100 dietetic records, 307 concepts from 1807 quotations were extracted. Of these, 241 assessment, dietetics diagnosis, goal setting and evaluation concepts were linked to 153 ICF-Dietetics categories. The majority (91.3%) could be mapped to a precise ICF-Dietetics category. The highest number of ICF-Dietetics categories was found in the medical area of diabetes and metabolism and belonged to the ICF component Body Function, while very few categories were used from the component Participation and Environmental Factors. CONCLUSIONS: The integration of the ICF-Dietetics in nutrition and dietetic care process is possible. Moreover, it could be considered as a conceptual framework for interdisciplinary nutrition and dietetics care. However, a successful implementation of the ICF-Dietetics in clinical practice requires a paradigm shift from medical diagnosis-focused health care to a holistic perspective of functioning with more attention on Participation and Environmental Factors.