Investigating the Protective Role of Biochaga Drug on Structural Changes of Bovine Serum Albumin in the Presence of Methyl tert-butyl Ether.

BACKGROUND: The health benefits of natural products have a long history. Chaga (Inonotus obliques) is used in traditional medicine and is an essential antioxidant for protecting the body from oxidants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced routinely due to metabolic processes. However, environmental pollution factors such as methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) can increase oxidative stress in the human body. MTBE is widely used as a fuel oxygenator that can harm health. The widespread use of MTBE has posed significant threats to the environment by polluting environmental resources, including groundwater. This compound can accumulate in the bloodstream by inhaling polluted air, with a strong affinity for blood proteins. The primary mechanism of MTBE's harmful effects is ROS production. The use of antioxidants may help reduce MTBE oxidation conditions. The present study proposes that biochaga, as an antioxidant, can reduce MTBE damage in the bovine serum albumin (BSA) structure. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study investigated the role of different concentrations of biochaga in the structural change of BSA in the presence of MTBE by biophysical methods such as UV-Vis, fluorescence, FTIR spectroscopy, DPPH radical inhibition method, aggregation test, and molecular docking. Research at the molecular level is critical to investigate the structural change of proteins by MTBE and the protective effect of the ideal dose (2.5 µg/ml) of biochaga. CONCLUSION: the results of spectroscopic examinations showed that the concentration of 2.5 µg/ml of biochaga has the least destructive effect on the structure of BSA in the presence and absence of MTBE, and it can play as an antioxidant.

The advance anticancer role of polymeric core-shell ZnO nanoparticles containing oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer.

We evaluated the activity of core-shell ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs@polymer shell) containing Oxaliplatin via polymerization through in vitro studies and in vivo mouse models of colorectal cancer. ZnO NPs were synthesized in situ when the polymerization step was completed by co-precipitation. Gadolinium coordinated-ZnONPs@polymer shell (ZnO-Gd NPs@polymer shell) was synthesized by exploiting Gd's oxophilicity (III). The biophysical properties of the NPs were studied using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), field emission electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and z-potential. (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) was used to determine the antiproliferative activity of ZnO-Gd-OXA. Moreover, a xenograft mouse model of colon cancer was exerted to survey its antitumor activity and effect on tumor growth. In the following, the model was also evaluated by histological staining (H-E; Hematoxylin & Eosin and trichrome staining) and gene expression analyses through the application of RT-PCR/ELISA, which included biochemical evaluation (MDA, thiols, SOD, CAT). The formation of ZnO NPs, which contained a crystallite size of 16.8 nm, was confirmed by the outcomes of the PXRD analysis. The Plate-like morphology and presence of Pt were obtained in EDX outcomes. TEM analysis displayed the attained ZnO NPs in a spherical shape and a diameter of 33 ± 8.5 nm, while the hydrodynamic sizes indicated that the particles were highly aggregated. The biological results demonstrated that ZnO-Gd-OXA inhibited tumor growth by inducing reactive oxygen species and inhibiting fibrosis, warranting further research on this novel colorectal cancer treatment agent.

Effect of low-level laser irradiation on cytotoxicity of benzene in human normal fibroblast cells.

Benzene is volatile organic hydrocarbon which is widely used in a wide range of industries. Studies have shown that exposure to benzene consequences serious health risks for human. Understanding the effect and risks of environmental hazard materials in the laser therapy of skin is interesting which can show useful or harmful role of these effects in therapies. In this study, the effect of low-level laser therapy was investigated on benzene-induced cytotoxicity on human skin fibroblast cells (HU02). Human skin fibroblast cells (HU02) were exposed to various concentrations of benzene (0-100 µg/mL) and incubated for 2 h. Then the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) at 660-nm wavelength with 3 J/cm2 energy for 90 s was investigated on the viability of the cells exposed to benzene using MTT assay and inverted light microscope. The effect of low-level laser therapy on the viability of the cells was positive at concentrations 0-15 µg/mL but negative at higher concentrations than 15 µg/mL. Low-level laser therapy in low concentrations of benzene decreases the cytotoxicity caused by benzene and maintains cell viability. At high concentrations and in the presence of low-level laser therapy, the cell viability decreased compared to dark experiment. The morphology study of the cells using inverted light microscopy has confirmed the MTT results.