Comparison of Resveratrol Supplementation and Energy Restriction Effects on Sympathetic Nervous System Activity and Vascular Reactivity: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Chronic sympathetic nervous system activation is associated with endothelial dysfunction and cardiometabolic disease, which may be modulated by resveratrol (RSV) and energy restriction (ER). This study aimed to examine the effects of RSV and ER on plasma noradrenaline (NA), flow-mediated vasodilation (ed-FMD), and endothelium-independent nitrate-mediated vasodilation (ei-NMD). Methods: The study included 48 healthy adults randomized to 30-days intervention of RSV or ER. Results: Waist circumference, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, apoA-I, and plasma NA decreased in the ER group, whilst RSV increased apoB and total cholesterol, without changing plasma NA. No effects on vascular reactivity were observed in both groups. Plasma NA change was positively correlated with total cholesterol (r = 0.443; p = 0.002), triglycerides (r = 0.438; p = 0.002), apoA-I (r = 0.467; p = 0.001), apoB (r = 0.318; p = 0.032) changes, and ei-NMD (OR = 1.294; 95%CI: 1.021-1.640). Conclusions: RSV does not improve cardiometabolic risk factors, sympathetic activity, and endothelial function. ER decreases plasma NA and waist circumference as well as improves blood lipids, but does not modify endothelial function. Finally, plasma NA was associated with ei-NMD, which could be attributed to a higher response to nitrate in patients with greater resting sympathetic vasoconstriction.

Efeito comparativo de diazepam, nifedipina, propranolol, e da associaçäo nifedipina e propranolol, por via sublingual, em pacientes com crise hipertensiva / Comparison between the effects of diazepan, nifedipine, propranolol and the association of nifedipine and propranolol, by sublingual administration, in patients with hypertensive crisis

Objetivo Avaliar o efeito do diazepam, nifedipina, propranolol e da associação nifedipina e propranolol, por via sublingual, na crise hipertensiva (CH). Métodos Oitenta pacientes em CH, compressão arterial diastólica (PAD) maior de 120mmHg, com idade de 54,0 ± 7,4 anos, sendo 47 homens. A pressão arterial (PA) foi medida com esfigmomanômetro aneróide, em mmHg. com o paciente em posição ortostática, antes do tratamento e 10, 20, 30 e 60 minutos após. A freqüência cardíaca (FC) em um minuto também foi medida nos períodos acima. Os pacientes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos e tratados com uma das seguintes alternativas: 110 mg de diazepam; 2 - 10 mg de nifedipina; 340 mg de propranolol e 4 - 10 mg de nidedipina associado a 40 mg de propranolol, todos administra dos por via sublingual. Resultados Observou-se redução significativa e gradativa da pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e da PAD nos 4 grupos. A porcentagem de redução após 60 minutos, da PAS para os grupos de I a IV foi respectivamente de 10,1%, 12,9%;15,4% e 16%, e para a PAD foi de 7,7%, 11,3%, 13,6% e 13%. A FC manteve-se inalterada nos grupos I e II, com redução significativa nos grupos III (p = 0,002) e IV (p = 0,009)...

Purpose To evaluate the effects of sublingual administration of diazepan, nifedipine, propranolol and the association of nifedipine with propranolol patients with hypertensive crisis. Methods Eighty patients with hypertensive crisis, DAP > 120 mmHg, and mean age of 54 ± 7,4 years, 33 women and 47 men, were evaluated. The AP was measured with an aneroid sphygmomanometer, in mmHg, in orthostatic position, before and after 10, 20, 30 and 60 minutes of treatment. The heart rate in one minute was also measured at the same intervals. The patients were divided randomily into four groups and treated, respectively, with 10 mg of diazepan, 10 mg of nifedipine, 40 mg of propranolol and 10 mg of nifedipine associated with 40 mg of propranolol. Results A significant and gradual reduction of SAP and DAP were observed in all groups of patients. The percentage of reduction, after 60 minutes, for SAP was, respectively, 10.1%, 12.9%.15.4% and 16%, and for DAP 7.7%, 11.3%, 13.6% and 13% in groups I to IV. The heart rate did not change in groups I and II, but significative reduction was observed in groups III (p= 0.002) and IV (p =0.009)...