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1.
Biol Pharm Bull ; 43(9): 1356-1360, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32879209

RESUMEN

Polyherbal medicines are composed of multiple herbs and have traditionally been used in East Asian countries for the remedy of physiological symptoms. Although the effects of polyherbal formulations have been investigated at the molecular and behavioral levels, less is known about whether and how medicinal herbs affect the central nervous system in terms of neurophysiology. We introduced a novel blended herbal formulation that consisted of 35% linden, 21% mulberry, 20% lavandin, 20% butterfly pea, and 4% tulsi. After intraperitoneal administration of this formulation or saline, we simultaneously recorded epidural electrocorticograms (ECoGs) from the olfactory bulb (OB), primary somatosensory cortex (S1), and primary motor cortex (M1), along with electromyograms (EMGs) and electrocardiograms (ECGs), of rats exploring an open field arena. Using the EMGs and OB ECoGs, we segmented the behavioral states of rats into active awake, quiet awake, and sleeping states. Compared to saline, herbal medicine significantly shortened the total sleep time. Moreover, we converted the ECoG signal into a frequency domain using a fast Fourier transform (FFT) and calculated the powers at various ECoG oscillation frequencies. In the sleeping state, a slow component (0.5-3 Hz) of S1 ECoGs was significantly enhanced following the administration of the formulation, which suggests a region- and frequency-specific modulation of extracellular field oscillations by the polyherbal medicine.


Asunto(s)
Ondas Encefálicas/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Sueño/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Conducta Animal/fisiología , Ondas Encefálicas/fisiología , Electrocorticografía/instrumentación , Electrocorticografía/métodos , Electrodos Implantados , Electromiografía , Inyecciones Intraperitoneales , Masculino , Modelos Animales , Morus/química , Corteza Motora/efectos de los fármacos , Corteza Motora/fisiología , Bulbo Olfatorio/efectos de los fármacos , Bulbo Olfatorio/fisiología , Ratas , Sueño/fisiología , Corteza Somatosensorial/efectos de los fármacos , Corteza Somatosensorial/fisiología , Técnicas Estereotáxicas , Tilia/química , Factores de Tiempo , Vigilia/fisiología , Wisteria
2.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 526(3): 751-755, 2020 06 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32265031

RESUMEN

The precise and early assessment of cardiotoxicity is fundamental to bring forward novel drug candidates to the pharmaceutical market and to avoid their withdrawal from the market. Recent preclinical studies have attempted to use human-induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) to predict clinical cardiotoxicity, but the heterogeneity and inconsistency in the functional qualities of the spontaneous contractility of hiPSC-CMs across cell culture wells and product lots still matter. To rapidly assess the functional qualities of hiPSC-CMs without histological labeling, we optically detected the contractility of confluently cultured hiPSC-CMs using bright-field microscopy. Using a method that consisted of data preprocessing, data augmentation, dimensionality reduction, and supervised learning, we succeeded in precisely discriminating between functionally normal and abnormal contractions of hiPSC-CMs.


Asunto(s)
Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/metabolismo , Aprendizaje Automático , Modelos Biológicos , Contracción Miocárdica/fisiología , Miocitos Cardíacos/fisiología , Control de Calidad , Cardiotoxicidad/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Humanos , Microscopía
3.
Neuroreport ; 25(17): 1368-74, 2014 Dec 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25304497

RESUMEN

The mechanism of response of hippocampal neurons to a specific feature in sensory stimuli is not fully understood, although the hippocampus is well known to contribute to the formation of episodic memory in the multisensory world. Using in-vivo voltage-clamp recordings from awake mice, we found that sound pulses induced a transient increase in inhibitory, but not excitatory, conductance in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells. In local field potentials, sound pulses induced a phase resetting of the θ oscillations, one of the major oscillatory states of the hippocampus. Repetitive sound pulses at 7 Hz (θ rhythm) increased the θ oscillation power, an effect that was abolished by a surgical fimbria-fornix lesion. Thus, tone-induced inhibition is likely of subcortical origin. It may segment hippocampal neural processing and render temporal boundaries in continuously ongoing experiences.


Asunto(s)
Estimulación Acústica , Percepción Auditiva/fisiología , Región CA1 Hipocampal/fisiología , Inhibición Neural/fisiología , Células Piramidales/fisiología , Ritmo Teta/fisiología , Animales , Fórnix/fisiopatología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Vías Nerviosas/fisiopatología , Técnicas de Placa-Clamp
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