RESUMEN
Objetivos: Compreender como os estudantes percebem a humanização da saúde, bem como as contribuições do Projeto Y doutores-palhaços na formação acadêmica e na rotina hospitalar, identificando a relevância do grupo neste meio na construção de novos paradigmas. Métodos: Estudo envolveu dimensão qualitativa, com participação de acadêmicos de medicina/psicologia e estagiários da enfermaria pediátrica de um Hospital Universitário, Fortaleza CE, Brasil. Foram realizadas, no período de março a julho de 2009, dez entrevistas individuais gravadas e transcritas na íntegra que foram analisadas por rede interpretativa, composta pelas categorias: conhecendo o Projeto Y: diferentes formas percebidas; atuação do Projeto Y no ambiente hospitalar: a percepção dessa estratégia na visão dos espectadores; a humanização na saúde: o olhar do futuro profissional. O referencial interpretativo contempla concepções relativas a atividades de promoção à saúde, embasadas na humanização da assistência, desempenhadas por estudantes de graduação em formação. Resultados: Os estudantes conheceram o Projeto Y a partir da observação das atividades realizadas nas enfermarias e ao perceberem os sorrisos das crianças durante a integração com os palhaços. Relatam que as visitas diminuem o estresse das crianças, dos acompanhantes e auxiliam na recuperação dos doentes, atua também na formação humanizada do profissional de saúde, considerada essencial, e contribui para a prática da multidisciplinaridade. Conclusões: Os entrevistados acreditam que o Projeto Y pode influenciar positivamente na formação do profissional de saúde, ampliando a prática interdisciplinar e proporcionando alívio à dor integral do paciente. Dessa forma, aprimora a comunicação daqueles que partilham o ambiente hospitalar e alivia o sofrimento humano.
Objectives: To understand how students perceive the humanization of health, as well as the contributions of Project Y clown doctors in academic and hospital routine, identifying the relevance of this group through the construction of new paradigms. Methods: The study involved qualitative dimension, with the participation of medical students / interns in psychology and pediatric ward from a university hospital in Fortaleza - CE, Brazil. From March to July 2009, ten interviews were performed, recorded and fully transcribed and analyzed by interpretative network, comprising the categories: knowing the Project Y: different forms cognizable; role of Project Y in the hospital environment: the perception of this strategy in view of the spectators; humanization in health: the look of the future professional. The interpretive framework includes concepts related to health promotion activities, basedin the humanization of care performed by graduate students in training. Results: Students have known Project Y from the observation of the activities performed in the infirmaries and to realize the smiles of children during the integration with the clowns. Reported that the visits, as well as diminishing the stress of children, caregivers and assist in the recovery of patients, also act in humane training of health professionals and contributes to the practice of multidisciplinarity. Conclusions: The respondents believe that Project Y can positively influence the training of health professionals, expanding interdisciplinary practice and providing complete pain relief of the patient. Thus, enhances communication of those who share the hospital environment and relieve human suffering.
Asunto(s)
Arteterapia , Comunicación , Educación Médica , Humanización de la AtenciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Diarrhea is a major cause of death in children in developing countries. However, in Brazil, diarrhea-related morbidity and mortality have declined over the past decades. OBJECTIVE: To explore community perspectives in Brazil on changes in health related to diarrhea and factors that may have contributed to these changes. METHODS: This qualitative study included 12 focus group sessions held with 50 mothers and 42 grandmothers in the state of Ceará. RESULTS: Most grandmothers reported having lost at least one child to diarrhea, and all participants had witnessed children dying from diarrhea in the past. The participants saw a clear decline in diarrhea over the past 20 years. They felt that this was due to social, economic, and cultural progress. The participants also considered government-supported outreach programs very important for health improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of diarrhea and its causes in the community is broad, but many traditional beliefs about the illness still prevail. The Brazilian experience is an example of the critical effect that policies to promote income redistribution and universal access to education, health, water supply, and sanitation services may have on the reduction of undernutrition and diarrhea among children.