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1.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35329415

RESUMEN

Worldwide, university students' physical health and posture are declining due to a sedentary lifestyle. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic breathing exercises on posture and spinal mobility among healthy female university students compared to other training methods. Sixty-one female students of the University of Debrecen were assigned to breathing exercise (BE; n = 15), yoga (Y; n = 16), Pilates (P; n = 15) programmes and interval-training (IT; n = 15). Each training session lasted one hour, performed twice a week for 7 weeks. Students were assessed using standardized clinical tests. All programmes resulted in significant improvement in chest expansion. Results of Schober's test showed substantial improvement using BE (p < 0.05), Y, P (p ≤ 0.01) programmes. Significant changes in occiput-to-wall distance (Y, P p ≤ 0.01) (BE p ≤ 0.001) were observed in three groups except the IT group. Fingertip-to-floor test (Y, P p < 0.05) results showed significant changes in two groups. The most outstanding effects on lateral flexion were achieved using BE (right, left p ≤ 0.001) programme. A comparison with results achieved using yoga and Pilates revealed that the physiotherapeutic breathing exercise programme is an equally effective method to significantly improve spinal mobility and correct postural problems in healthy young women.


Asunto(s)
Postura , Columna Vertebral , Ejercicios Respiratorios , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudiantes , Universidades
2.
Behav Brain Res ; 307: 65-72, 2016 07 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27036646

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Psychiatric disorders are frequently accompanied by changes in brain electrical oscillations and abnormal auditory event related potentials. The goal of this study was to characterize these parameters of a new rat substrain showing several alterations related to schizophrenia. METHODS: Male rats of the new substrain, developed by selective breeding after combined subchronic ketamine treatment and postweaning social isolation, and naive Wistar ones group-housed without any interventions were involved in the present study. At the age of 3 months, animals were implanted with cortical electroencephalography electrodes. Auditory evoked potentials during paired-click stimuli and power of oscillation in different frequency bands were determined with and without acute ketamine (20mg/kg) treatment. RESULTS: Regarding the auditory evoked potentials, the latency of P2 was delayed and the amplitude of N1 peak was lower in the new substrain. The new substrain showed increased power of oscillations in the theta, alpha and beta bands, while decreased power was detected in delta and gamma2 bands (52-70Hz) compared with control animals. Acute ketamine treatment increased the gamma1 band (30-48Hz) power in both groups, while it elicited significant changes only in the new substrain in the total power and in alpha, beta and gamma2 bands. CONCLUSIONS: The validation of the translational utility of this new rat substrain by electrophysiological investigations revealed that these rats show abnormalities that may model a part of the neurophysiological deficits observed in schizophrenia.


Asunto(s)
Electroencefalografía , Potenciales Evocados Auditivos/fisiología , Esquizofrenia/fisiopatología , Estimulación Acústica , Factores de Edad , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Antagonistas de Aminoácidos Excitadores/toxicidad , Femenino , Análisis de Fourier , Ketamina/toxicidad , Locomoción/efectos de los fármacos , Locomoción/fisiología , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Esquizofrenia/etiología , Aislamiento Social/psicología
3.
Sensors (Basel) ; 10(4): 3218-42, 2010.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22319295

RESUMEN

Motion perception is the process through which one gathers information on the dynamic visual world, in terms of the speed and movement direction of its elements. Motion sensation takes place from the retinal light sensitive elements, through the visual thalamus, the primary and higher visual cortices. In the present review we aim to focus on the extrageniculo-extrastriate cortical and subcortical visual structures of the feline and macaque brain and discuss their functional role in visual motion perception. Special attention is paid to the ascending tectofugal system that may serve for detection of the visual environment during self-motion.


Asunto(s)
Percepción de Movimiento/fisiología , Sensación/fisiología , Tálamo/fisiología , Corteza Visual/fisiología , Vías Visuales/fisiología , Animales , Gatos , Humanos , Macaca
4.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci ; 260(3): 257-66, 2010 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19842010

RESUMEN

The description of the heterogeneous phenomenological, pathophysiological, and etiological nature of schizophrenia is under way; however, the relationships between heterogeneity levels are still unclear. We performed a robust cross-sectional study, including a systematic neuropsychological battery, assessment of clinical symptoms, neurological soft signs, morphogenetic anomalies and smell identification, and measurement of event-related potentials on 50 outpatients with schizophrenia in their compensated states. An explorative fuzzy cluster analysis revealed two subgroups in this sample that could be distinguished from each other on symptomatological, cognitive and neurological levels. The patterns of cognitive dysfunctions and neurological developmental anomalies equally indicate that there may be hemispherical differences between the patients belonging to the different clusters.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos del Conocimiento/diagnóstico , Cognición/fisiología , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Esquizofrenia , Psicología del Esquizofrénico , Estimulación Acústica/métodos , Adulto , Algoritmos , Análisis por Conglomerados , Trastornos del Conocimiento/etiología , Variación Contingente Negativa/fisiología , Electroencefalografía/métodos , Potenciales Evocados Auditivos/fisiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Examen Neurológico , Probabilidad , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Esquizofrenia/clasificación , Esquizofrenia/complicaciones , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Olfato/fisiología , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Adulto Joven
5.
Eur J Neurosci ; 22(2): 419-24, 2005 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16045495

RESUMEN

The basal ganglia are widely regarded as structures involved in sensorimotor co-ordination, but little is known about the sensory background of their function. We publish here descriptions of the excitatory sensory responses and receptive field properties of the visual, auditory, somatosensory and multisensory caudate nucleus and substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons. Altogether 111 caudate nucleus and 124 substantia nigra sensory neurons were recorded in halothane-anaesthetized, immobilized, artificially ventilated cats. The sensory properties of the caudate and nigral neurons were found to be quite similar. A majority of the units were unimodal while a significant proportion of them were multisensory. The visual and the somatosensory modalities predominated for both nuclei. The sensory receptive fields were extremely large. The visual and auditory receptive fields covered the whole physically approachable sensory field and the somatosensory receptive fields covered the whole body surface of the animal. The receptive field properties of the multisensory caudate and nigral units were similar to those of the unimodal neurons. We observed no signs of retinotopical or somatotopical organization within the basal ganglia. The particular sensory receptive field properties, together with the significant number of multisensory neurons in the basal ganglia, suggest the existence of a multisensory pathway of presumably tectal origin involving the caudate nucleus and the substantia nigra that may serve for the sensory feedback of motor actions co-ordinated by the basal ganglia.


Asunto(s)
Potenciales de Acción/fisiología , Percepción Auditiva/fisiología , Núcleo Caudado/citología , Neuronas/fisiología , Sustancia Negra/citología , Vías Visuales/fisiología , Estimulación Acústica/métodos , Animales , Mapeo Encefálico , Gatos , Núcleo Caudado/fisiología , Femenino , Masculino , Neuronas/clasificación , Estimulación Luminosa/métodos , Tiempo de Reacción/fisiología , Sustancia Negra/fisiología
6.
J Cell Sci ; 117(Pt 24): 5781-9, 2004 Nov 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15507486

RESUMEN

Parts of the PEVK (Pro-Glu-Val-Lys) domain of the skeletal muscle isoform of the giant intrasarcomeric protein titin have been shown to bind F-actin. However, the mechanisms and physiological function of this are poorly understood. To test for actin binding along PEVK, we expressed contiguous N-terminal (PEVKI), middle (PEVKII), and C-terminal (PEVKIII) PEVK segments of the human soleus muscle isoform. We found a differential actin binding along PEVK in solid-state binding, cross-linking and in vitro motility assays. The order of apparent affinity is PEVKII>PEVKI>PEVKIII. To explore which sequence motifs convey the actin-binding property, we cloned and expressed PEVK fragments with different motif structure: PPAK, polyE-rich and pure polyE fragments. The polyE-containing fragments had a stronger apparent actin binding, suggesting that a local preponderance of polyE motifs conveys an enhanced local actin-binding property to PEVK. The actin binding of PEVK may serve as a viscous bumper mechanism that limits the velocity of unloaded muscle shortening towards short sarcomere lengths. Variations in the motif structure of PEVK might be a method of regulating the magnitude of the viscous drag.


Asunto(s)
Actinas/metabolismo , Proteínas Musculares/fisiología , Músculo Esquelético/citología , Proteínas Quinasas/fisiología , Citoesqueleto de Actina/metabolismo , Actinas/química , Adenosina Trifosfatasas/química , Secuencias de Aminoácidos , Animales , Calcio/química , Movimiento Celular , Conectina , ADN Complementario/metabolismo , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Biblioteca de Genes , Humanos , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Miofibrillas/metabolismo , Cloruro de Potasio/química , Unión Proteica , Isoformas de Proteínas , Estructura Terciaria de Proteína , Factores de Tiempo
7.
Eur J Neurosci ; 20(2): 525-9, 2004 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15233761

RESUMEN

This study describes a possible mechanism of coding of multisensory information in the anterior ectosylvian visual area of the feline cortex. Extracellular microelectrode recordings on 168 cells were carried out in the anterior ectosylvian sulcal region of halothane-anaesthetized, immobilized, artificially ventilated cats. Ninety-five neurons were found to respond to visual stimuli, 96 responded to auditory stimuli and 45 were bimodal, reacting to both visual and auditory modalities. A large proportion of the neurons exhibited significantly different responses to stimuli appearing in different regions of their huge receptive field. These neurons have the ability to provide information via their discharge rate on the site of the stimulus within their receptive field. This suggests that they may serve as panoramic localizers. The ability of the bimodal neurons to localize bimodal stimulus sources is better than any of the unimodal localizing functions. Further, the sites of maximal responsivity of the visual, auditory and bimodal neurons are distributed over the whole extent of the large receptive fields. Thus, a large population of such panoramic visual, auditory and multisensory neurons could accurately code the locations of the sensory stimuli. Our findings support the notion that there is a distributed population code of multisensory information in the feline associative cortex.


Asunto(s)
Percepción Auditiva/fisiología , Neuronas/fisiología , Corteza Visual/fisiología , Percepción Visual/fisiología , Estimulación Acústica/métodos , Potenciales de Acción/fisiología , Animales , Mapeo Encefálico , Gatos , Estimulación Luminosa/métodos , Corteza Visual/citología
8.
Clin Cancer Res ; 9(12): 4505-13, 2003 Oct 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14555524

RESUMEN

PURPOSE AND EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: To improve conventional chemotherapy, we developed cytotoxic analogues of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), which can be targeted to prostate cancers expressing LH-RH receptors. In view of pending clinical trials on cytotoxic LH-RH analogue AN-152, containing doxorubicin (DOX) linked to [D-Lys(6])-LH-RH, we investigated the effects of AN-152 on tumor growth of s.c. implanted androgen-sensitive LNCaP and MDA-PCa-2b prostate cancers, as well as androgen-independent C4-2 prostate cancers xenografted into the tibiae of nude mice. In the C4-2 study, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were also measured. LH-RH receptors were analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR and ligand competition assay. We also evaluated whether AN-152 can affect mRNA expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor and HER-2 and -3 oncogenes RESULTS: After 32 days of treatment with AN-152, the growth of LNCaP cancers in castrated nude mice was strongly inhibited by 83% versus intact controls (P < 0.01) and 62% versus castrated controls (P < 0.05). In animals bearing MDA-PCa-2b prostate cancers, therapy with AN-152 for 25 days resulted in a 69% inhibition of tumor growth (P < 0.01 versus controls) and was more effective (P < 0.05) than equimolar doses of DOX or microcapsules of LH-RH agonist Decapeptyl. In nude mice bearing intraosseous C4-2 prostate cancers, treatment with AN-152 decreased serum PSA levels (P < 0.01) to 10.3 +/- 3.4 ng/ml from 24.8 +/- 4 ng/ml in controls, whereas DOX had no effect on PSA. The inhibitory effects of AN-152 on C4-2 tumors was accompanied by an increase in apoptosis and a decrease in tumor proliferation. Binding sites for LH-RH and the expression of mRNA for LH-RH receptors were found on s.c. C4-2 and MDA-PCa-2b tumors. The inhibition of MDA-PCa-2b tumors by AN-152 was associated with a significant decrease in mRNA expression for epidermal growth factor receptor, HER-2, and 3. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that cytotoxic analogue AN-152 could be considered for therapeutic trials in patients with advanced prostate carcinoma.


Asunto(s)
Andrógenos/fisiología , Doxorrubicina/análogos & derivados , Doxorrubicina/farmacología , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/análogos & derivados , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/farmacología , Neoplasias Experimentales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hormono-Dependientes/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Próstata/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Antineoplásicos Hormonales/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/agonistas , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Neoplasias Experimentales/patología , Neoplasias Hormono-Dependientes/patología , Fragmentos de Péptidos/farmacología , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangre , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Neoplasias de la Próstata/secundario , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , ARN Neoplásico/genética , ARN Neoplásico/metabolismo , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Receptor ErbB-3/metabolismo , Receptores LHRH/genética , Receptores LHRH/metabolismo , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Trasplante Heterólogo , Pamoato de Triptorelina/farmacología , Células Tumorales Cultivadas
9.
Anticancer Drugs ; 13(9): 949-56, 2002 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12394258

RESUMEN

The receptors for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) are found in 80% of human ovarian carcinomas. These receptors can be used for targeted chemotherapy with cytotoxic analogs of LHRH, such as AN-207, consisting of 2-pyrrolinodoxorubicin (AN-201) linked to [D-Lys ]LHRH. We investigated the effects of AN-207 and AN-201 on the growth of LHRH receptor-positive ES-2 human ovarian cancers. The effects of the treatment on mRNA and protein levels of human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors (EGFR and HER-2) in ovarian tumors were determined by RT-PCR and immunoblotting. In Experiment 1, nude mice bearing ES-2 ovarian tumors were injected i.v. with 250 nmol/kg doses of AN-207, AN-201, the carrier [D-Lys ]LHRH, an unconjugated mixture of AN-201 and [D-Lys ]LHRH or vehicle. AN-207 caused a significant ( <0.01) 59.5% inhibition in tumor growth while its components were ineffective. In Experiment 2, mice with large ES-2 tumors were treated with AN-207 or AN-201 at 250 nmol/kg. Again, AN-207, but not AN-201, inhibited tumor growth. In Experiment 3, the site of action of AN-207 was investigated. The blockade of LHRH receptors with Cetrorelix partially suppressed the antitumor effect of AN-207. Treatment with AN-207 significantly ( <0.01) decreased the expression of mRNA for EGFR, and HER-2 by 27 and 34%, respectively, as compared to controls and reduced the receptor protein levels of EGFR and HER-2 by 35 and 36%, respectively ( <0.05). The results indicate that cytotoxic LHRH analog AN-207 could be considered for chemotherapy of ovarian cancers expressing LHRH receptors.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Doxorrubicina/análogos & derivados , Doxorrubicina/uso terapéutico , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/análogos & derivados , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Receptores LHRH/biosíntesis , Animales , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Receptores ErbB/antagonistas & inhibidores , Receptores ErbB/biosíntesis , Femenino , Humanos , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Ováricas/metabolismo , Pirroles/uso terapéutico , ARN Mensajero/análisis , Receptor ErbB-2/antagonistas & inhibidores , Receptor ErbB-2/biosíntesis , Receptores LHRH/antagonistas & inhibidores , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Resultado del Tratamiento , Células Tumorales Cultivadas
10.
Lancet ; 360(9334): 671-7, 2002 Aug 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12241873

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Edrecolomab is a murine monoclonal antibody to the cell-surface glycoprotein 17-1A, which is expressed on epithelial tissues and on various carcinomas. Preliminary data suggested that it might be of use in the adjuvant treatment of patients with resected stage III colon cancer. We did a randomised trial in 27 countries to determine the effect of adding edrecolomab to the combination of fluorouracil and folinic acid in these patients. METHODS: After surgery, 2761 patients were randomly assigned edrecolomab plus fluorouracil-folinic acid (combination therapy [n=912]); fluorouracil-folinic acid alone (chemotherapy [n=927]); or edrecolomab alone (edrecolomab monotherapy [n=922]). Patients were assessed for survival and disease recurrence after surgery. The primary endpoint tested the hypothesis that combination therapy improved overall survival relative to chemotherapy. The key secondary endpoint was to test whether edrecolomab monotherapy was non-inferior to chemotherapy in terms of disease-free survival. Analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS: Median follow-up time was 26 months (IQR 20-36). 3-year overall survival on combination therapy was no different from that on chemotherapy (74.7% vs 76.1%, hazard ratio 0.94 [95% CI 0.76-1.15], p=0.53). Disease-free survival was significantly lower on edrecolomab monotherapy than on chemotherapy (53.0% vs 65.5%, 0.62 [0.53-0.73], p<0.0001). Hypersensitivity reactions occurred in 452 (25%) patients receiving edrecolomab, causing treatment discontinuation in 71 (4%). The addition of edrecolomab to chemotherapy did not increase neutropenia, diarrhoea, or mucositis. INTERPRETATION: The addition of edrecolomab to fluorouracil and folinic acid in the adjuvant treatment of resected stage III colon cancer does not improve overall or disease-free survival, and edrecolomab monotherapy is associated with significantly shorter overall and disease-free survival than fluorouracil and folinic acid and is therefore an inferior treatment option. Edrecolomab is well tolerated and its addition to fluorouracil and folinic acid does not increase the toxicity of chemotherapy.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorrectales/cirugía , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/mortalidad , Anciano , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/administración & dosificación , Anticuerpos Monoclonales de Origen Murino , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Australia , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Neoplasias Colorrectales/mortalidad , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Esquema de Medicación , Quimioterapia Combinada , Europa (Continente) , Femenino , Fluorouracilo/administración & dosificación , Fluorouracilo/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Leucovorina/administración & dosificación , Leucovorina/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Federación de Rusia , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estados Unidos
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