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1.
Nutrients ; 14(1)2021 Dec 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35011046

RESUMEN

The composition and activity of the intestinal microbial community structures can be beneficially modulated by nutritional components such as non-digestible oligosaccharides and omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). These components affect immune function, brain development and behaviour. We investigated the additive effect of a dietary combination of scGOS:lcFOS and n-3 PUFAs on caecal content microbial community structures and development of the immune system, brain and behaviour from day of birth to early adulthood in healthy mice. Male BALB/cByJ mice received a control or enriched diet with a combination of scGOS:lcFOS (9:1) and 6% tuna oil (n-3 PUFAs) or individually scGOS:lcFOS (9:1) or 6% tuna oil (n-3 PUFAs). Behaviour, caecal content microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acid levels, brain monoamine levels, enterochromaffin cells and immune parameters in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and spleen were assessed. Caecal content microbial community structures displayed differences between the control and dietary groups, and between the dietary groups. Compared to control diet, the scGOS:lcFOS and combination diets increased caecal saccharolytic fermentation activity. The diets enhanced the number of enterochromaffin cells. The combination diet had no effects on the immune cells. Although the dietary effect on behaviour was limited, serotonin and serotonin metabolite levels in the amygdala were increased in the combination diet group. The combination and individual interventions affected caecal content microbial profiles, but had limited effects on behaviour and the immune system. No apparent additive effect was observed when scGOS:lcFOS and n-3 PUFAs were combined. The results suggest that scGOS:lcFOS and n-3 PUFAs together create a balance-the best of both in a healthy host.


Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/inmunología , Suplementos Dietéticos , Ingestión de Alimentos/fisiología , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/administración & dosificación , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/farmacología , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/inmunología , Sistema Inmunológico/efectos de los fármacos , Sistema Inmunológico/inmunología , Intestinos/efectos de los fármacos , Intestinos/inmunología , Oligosacáridos/administración & dosificación , Oligosacáridos/farmacología , Animales , Femenino , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Microbiota/efectos de los fármacos , Microbiota/inmunología , Embarazo
2.
Sci Rep ; 8(1): 5873, 2018 04 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29651001

RESUMEN

Consumption of green tea (GT) extracts or purified catechins has shown the ability to prevent oral and other cancers and inhibit cancer progression in rodent models, but the evidence for this in humans is mixed. Working with humans, we sought to understand the source of variable responses to GT by examining its effects on oral epithelium. Lingual epithelial RNA and lingual and gingival microbiota were measured before and after 4 weeks of exposure in tobacco smokers, whom are at high risk of oral cancer. GT consumption had on average inconsistent effects on miRNA expression in the oral epithelium. Only analysis that examined paired miRNAs, showing changed and coordinated expression with GT exposure, provided evidence for a GT effect on miRNAs, identifying miRNAs co-expressed with two hubs, miR-181a-5p and 301a-3p. An examination of the microbiome on cancer prone lingual mucosa, in contrast, showed clear shifts in the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus, and other genera after GT exposure. These data support the idea that tea consumption can consistently change oral bacteria in humans, which may affect carcinogenesis, but argue that GT effects on oral epithelial miRNA expression in humans vary between individuals.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , MicroARNs/genética , Mucosa Bucal/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias de la Boca/prevención & control , Té/química , Adulto , Antioxidantes/química , Carcinogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Catequina/administración & dosificación , Epitelio/efectos de los fármacos , Epitelio/microbiología , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Encía/efectos de los fármacos , Encía/microbiología , Humanos , Masculino , MicroARNs/efectos de los fármacos , Microbiota/efectos de los fármacos , Microbiota/genética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mucosa Bucal/microbiología , Neoplasias de la Boca/genética , Neoplasias de la Boca/microbiología , Fumadores , Staphylococcus/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus/patogenicidad , Streptococcus/efectos de los fármacos , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Adulto Joven
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