Ipomoea pes-tigridis L. extract accelerates wound healing in Wistar albino rats in excision and incision models.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: An annual herb, Ipomoea pes-tigridis L. (Convolvulaceae) is widely used for its anti-inflammatory and anti-spasmodic properties in traditional medicine. As well as treating wounds, fever, skin disorders, and other ailments, it is also used for other purposes. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study investigated polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity, RP-HPLC, wound healing, and antioxidant enzyme activity. In terms of I. pes-tigridis potential for healing wounds, there is no scientific data available. Hence this study is designed to use animal models to investigate the ethnopharmacological report. MATERIALS METHODS: The crude extracts of stem and leaf were subjected to phytochemicals, TPC, TTC, TFC, and free radical scavenging assays (DPPH, ABTS, etc). Excision and incision models were used to assess wound healing using the screened extracts (IPLEA, IPLM, IPSEA, and IPSM). Various tissue parameters (hydroxyproline, hexosamine, hexuronic acid content), as well as antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, Catalase, GPX, LPO), were also examined. RESULTS: The maximum amount of polyphenolic content was found in IPLM (TPC- 118.86 ± 5.94 mg GAE/g, TTC - 75.25 ± 2.64 mg TAE/g, and TFC-25.73 ± 0.99 mg GAE/g) with significant IC50 value of 1.65 ± 0.87 µg/mL among all the extracts. Coumaric acid was reported high (92.86 mg/g) in RP-HPLC analysis of crude extract in IPLEA. The in vivo excision wound healing model revealed that 1% IPLM had better healing property with the maximum wound healing area (0.098 ± 0.03 cm) and wound concentration (95.56 ± 1.95%) was reported with the significance level of ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05. In the incision model, IPLM represented maximum tensile strength (27500 gf). A significant functional effect of the granulation tissue parameters and enzyme antioxidants on the wound-healed area of dry tissue was also observed. Finally, the histopathological analysis showed enhanced re-epithelialization, fibroblast proliferation, and collagen synthesis in wound-treated animal tissue in both models. CONCLUSION: According to the present study, antioxidant-rich I. pes-tigridis promotes healthy cell regeneration while reducing inflammation and oxidative stress for wound healing. Additionally, it also enhances circulation and promotes healing.

Efficacy of Trevesia palmata (Roxb. ex Lindl.) Vis. Extract on MG 63 cell lines and arthritis-induced animal models.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Despite widespread use of herbal remedies for treating arthritis and osteosarcoma, many plants are still not pharmacologically evaluated for their efficacy. Contrary to many non-steroidal, immunosuppressants, antibiotics, and antineoplastic drugs that have adverse effects, phytotherapeutic compounds have promising benefits with fewer complications. In this study the unexplored Northeastern India indigenous plant Trevesia palmata (Roxb. ex Lindl.) Vis. used in traditional medicine to cure bone fractures is chosen for studying anti-proliferative and anti-rheumatic properties. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study designed to explore the polyphenolic composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic potential of T. palmata leaf extracts. Further, the cellular activity was studied using MG 63 osteoblast cell lines and pharmacologically evaluated using Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritic rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vitro free radical scavenging activity, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of extracts were analyzed using standardized methods. The polyphenolic profiling and apoptosis inducing ability of T. palmata ethyl acetate (TPEA) extract on MG 63 osteoblast cell lines were analyzed. The in vivo pharmacological studies were carried out with low dose 250 mg/kg and high dose of 500 mg/kg of T. palmata. The biochemical and haematological parameters and in vivo antioxidant activity were evaluated for the control and treated groups. Radiological and histological study were done to understand the impact and penetration of inflammatory arthritis from tissues to joint bones. RESULTS: TPEA showed highest free radical scavenging activity (DPPH - 4.72 IC50, ABTS - 242.33 ± 6.81 mM TE/g extract), anti-inflammatory (40.04% inhibition of RBC lysis) and anti-arthritic activity (32.4% inhibition of protein denaturation) with the presence of gallic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, rutin, quercetin and naringenin. The TPEA extract inhibited cell proliferation of MG 63 osteoblast cells and induced apoptosis by arresting cell cycle at different phases. After acute toxicity studies the doses 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg were fixed and showed better results in CFA-induced arthritic animals. Thus, the extract phytoconstituents may have immense potential against chronic inflammation, joint ailments, bone cancer and arthritis which serves as a phytomedicine contrary to synthetic medications. CONCLUSIONS: The potential treatment of polyphenolic compounds in the T. palmata extract on osteosarcoma and arthritis was demonstrated from this study. Thus, cellular inflammatory infiltrates are significantly reduced in bone and joint tissues as well.