Eco-friendly bioremediation of pollutants from contaminated sewage wastewater using special reference bacterial strain of Bacillus cereus SDN1 and their genotoxicological assessment in Allium cepa.

The present study aimed to assess the Bacillus cereus SDN1 native bacterium's ability to clean up contaminated or polluted water. The isolated bacterium was identified by its morphological and biochemical characteristics, which were then confirmed at the genus level. Furthermore, the isolated B. cereus (NCBI accession No: MW828583) was identified genomically by PCR amplifying 16 s rDNA using a universal primer. The phylogenetic analysis of the rDNA sequence was analyzed to determine the taxonomic and evolutionary profile of the isolate of the previously identified Bacillus sp. Besides, B. cereus and the bacterial consortium were treated using sewage wastewater. After 15 days of treatment, the following pollutants or chemicals were reduced: total hardness particles removal varied from 63.33 % to 67.55 %, calcium removal varied from 90 % to 93.33 %, and total nitrate decreased range from 37.77 % to 22.22 %, respectively. Electrical conductivity ranged from 1809 mS/cm to 2500 mS/cm, and pH values ranged from 6.5 to 8.95. The outcome of in-situ remediation results suggested that B. cereus has a noticeable remediation efficiency to the suspended particles. A root tip test was also used to investigate the genotoxicity of treated and untreated sewage-contaminated waters on onion (Allium cepa) root cells. The highest chromosomal aberrations and mitotic inhibition were found in roots exposed to contaminated sewage water, and their results displayed chromosome abnormalities, including disorganized, sticky chain, disturbed metaphase, chromosomal displacement in anaphase, abnormal telophase, spindle disturbances, and binucleate cells observed in A. cepa exposed to untreated contaminated water. The study can thus be applied as a biomarker to detect the genotoxic impacts of sewage water pollution on biota. Furthermore, based on an identified bacterial consortium, this work offers a low-cost and eco-favorable method for treating household effluents.

Cladophialophora bantiana metabolites are efficient in the larvicidal and ovicidal control of Aedes aegypti, and Culex quinquefasciatus and have low toxicity in zebrafish embryo.

Mosquitoes' current insecticide resistance status in available public health insecticides is a serious threat to mosquito control initiatives. Microbe-based control agents provide an alternative to conventional pesticides and insecticides, as they can be more targeted than synthetic insecticides. The present study was focused on identifying and investigating the mosquitocidal potential of Cladophialophora bantiana, an endophytic fungus isolated from Opuntia ficus-indica. The Cladophialophora species was identified through phylogenetic analysis of the rDNA sequence. The isolated fungus was first evaluated for its potential to produce metabolites against Aedes aegpti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae in the 1-4th instar. The secondary metabolites of mycelium extract were assessed at various test doses (100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 µg/mL) in independent bioassays for each instar of selected mosquito larvae. After 48 h of exposure, A. aegypti expressed LC50 values of 13.069, 18.085, 9.554, and 11.717 µg/mL and LC90 = 25.702, 30.860, 17.275, and 19.601 µg/mL; followed by C. quinquefasciatus LC50 = 14.467, 11.766, 5.934, and 7.589 µg/mL, and LC90 = 29.529, 20.767, 11.192, and 13.296 µg/mL. The mean % of ovicidal bioassay was recorded 120 h after exposure. The hatchability (%) was proportional to mycelia metabolite concentration. The enzymatic level of acetylcholinesterase in fungal mycelial metabolite treated 4th instar larvae indicated a dose-dependent pattern. The GC-MS profile of C. bantiana extracts identified five of the most abundant compounds, namely cyclobutane, trans-3-undecene-1,5-diyne, 1-bromo-2-chloro, propane, 1,2,3-trichloro-2-methyl-, 5,5,10,10-tetrachlorotricyclo, and phenol, which had the killing effect in mosquitoes. Furthermore, the C. bantiana fungus ethyl acetate extracts had a strong larvicidal action on A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus. Finally, the toxicity test on zebrafish embryos revealed the induction of malformations only at concentrations above 1 mg/mL. Therefore, our study pioneered evidence that C. bantiana fungal metabolites effectively control A. aegypti and C. qunquefasciastus and show less lethality in zebrafish embryos at concentrations up to 500 µg/mL.

Reclamation competence of Crotalaria juncea with the amalgamation and influence of indigenous bacteria on a waste dump of bauxite mine.

The accumulated bauxite mine soil had an acidic pH of 5.52 ± 0.12 and more heavy metals such as Cr, Cd, Zn, and Pb, which can cause severe soil and water pollution to the nearby farmlands and water reservoirs. Hence, the work was designed to find the possibility of reclamation of bauxite mine soil through Crotalaria juncea with the amalgamation of native metal degrading bacterial isolates. Out of 15 bacterial cultures, only 2 isolates (B3 and B14) showed excellent metal tolerance (for up to 750 mg L-1), solubilizing (15.27-38.7 mg kg-1) (including phosphate: 47.4 ± 1.79%), and degrading potential (22.8 ± 0.89 to 31.5 ± 1.6%) than the others. These B3 and B14 isolates were recognized as B. borstelensis UTM105 (1432 bp) and B. borstelensis AK2 (1494 bp) through molecular characterization. These isolates have produced a metal stress response protein (205-43 KDa molecular weight protein) during metal stress conditions. The phytoremediation competence of C. juncea under the influence of these bacterial isolates was assessed with various treatment (I-IV) schemes. The treatment IV (C. juncea with two bacterial isolates) showed substantial physiological and biochemical results compared with the control and the other treatments. The phytoremediation competence of C. juncea was also effective in treatment IV than the others. It reduced and extracted a reasonable quantity of metals from the bauxite mine soil. The intact results accomplished that these native metals tolerant, solubilizing, and degrading bacterial isolates, could be used as optimistic bacterial candidates in combination with C. juncea for the effective reclamation of metal enriched bauxite mine soil.

Hepato and nephroprotective activity of methanol extract of Hygrophila spinosa and its antibacterial potential against multidrug resistant Pandoraea sputorum.

This research was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profile, bactericidal activity of Hygrophila spinosa against multidrug resistant Pandoraea sputorum and assess their antioxidant competence against various radicals and studied their hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activity on HepG2 and HEK 293 cell line. The results showed that the methanol extract has various phytochemical components with reasonable quantity. Fortunately, the multidrug-resistant P. sputorum was sensitive (22.8 ± 0.2 mm of the zone of inhibition) at 15 mg mL-1 concentration of methanol extract. The higher concentration of phenolic and other phytochemical components, showed significant antioxidant activity against ferric, DPPH, hydroxyl, and ABTS radicals, with IC50 values of 71.09, 64.333, 91.157, and 104.931 g mL-1, respectively. Surprisingly, the methanol extract possesses hepato and nephroprotective activity against CCl4 and cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity on HepG2 and HEK 293 cell lines, respectively. It maintains the cell viability as up to 90.48% and 90.35% of HepG2 and EK 293 cell line at the concentration of 20 µg mL-1. The FTIR analysis states that the methanol extract possesses a significant functional group responsible for these multi-potential activities. These results suggest that, the methanol extract of H. spinosa might contain the most significant bioactive components with outstanding medicinal properties.

Assessment of hexavalent chromium (VI) biosorption competence of indigenous Aspergillus tubingensis AF3 isolated from bauxite mine tailing.

The intention of this research was to find the most eminent metal tolerant and absorbing autochthonous fungal species from the waste dump of a bauxite mine. Out of the 4 (BI-1, BI-II, BI-III, and BI-IV) predominant isolates, BI-II had an excellent metal tolerance potential against most of the metals in the subsequent order: Cr(VI) (1500), Cu(II) (600), Pb(II) (500), and Zn(II) (500-1500 µg mL-1). BI-II had shown tolerance to Cr(VI) up to 1500 mg L-1. The excellent metal tolerant isolate was characterized and identified as Aspergillus tubingensis AF3 through 18S rRNA sequencing method and submitted to GenBank and received an accession number (MN901243). A. tubingensis AF3 had the efficiency to absorb Cr(VI) and Cu(II) at <70 & 46.3% respectively under the standard growth conditions. Under the optimized conditions (25 °C, pH 7.0, 0.5% of dextrose, and 12 days of incubation), A. tubingensis AF3 absorbed 74.48% of Cr(VI) in 12 days (reduction occurred as 822.3, 719.13, 296.66, and 255.2 mg L-1 of Cr(VI) on the 3rd, the 6th, the 9th and the 12th day, respectively). The adsorbed metal was sequestered in the mycelia of the fungus in a precipitated form; it was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) analyses. The possible biosorption mechanisms were analyzed by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, the results showed the presence of N-H primary amines (1649.98 cm-1) and Alkanes (914.30 cm-1) in the cell wall of the fungus, while being treated with Cr(VI) they supported and enhanced the Cr(VI) absorption. The entire results concluded that the biomass of A. tubingensis AF3 had the potential to absorb a high concentration of Cr(VI).

Green synthesis and characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of Pouteria campechiana and larvicidal and pupicidal activity on Aedes aegypti.

The frequent application of synthetic insecticides creates resistance among insects, including mosquitoes, and causes environmental pollution and health issues. The current work aim at assessing the possibilities to produce and characterize the titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) mediated through the aqueous leaf extract of Pouteria campechiana, and their larvicidal and pupicidal activities against Aedes aegypti. The attained results showed that the aqueous leaf extract of P. campechiana had the efficiency to fabricate TiO2 NPs from TiO2. Under the UV-vis spectrum analysis, a sharp peak was recorded at 320 nm, which indicated the production of TiO2 NPs by the plant extract. The SEM analysis revealed that the synthesized TiO2 NPs were spherical, and 5 dissimilar diffractions were detected in the XRD spectrum analysis related to the TiO2 NPs. In FTIR analysis, a prominent peak was found at 1052.41 cm-1, corresponding to alcohol, and confirmed metal reduction. In the EDX analysis, there was a signal of around 58.44%, confirming the decrease in Ti from TiO2 NPs, and the remaining percentages were Ca, Al, and Mg. About 900 µg mL-1 of TiO2 NPs had excellent lethal activity against various larvae and pupa stages of Ae. aegypti. The attained results showed that the P. campechiana aqueous leaf extract could reduce TiO2 into TiO2 NPs and could be considered a mosquito control agent. Furthermore, this is the initial report about the aqueous leaf extract of P. campechiana effectively synthesizing the TiO2 NPs with anti-mosquito activity.

Synthesis and characterization of TiO2 NPs by aqueous leaf extract of Coleus aromaticus and assess their antibacterial, larvicidal, and anticancer potential.

The frequent applications of synthetic chemical insecticides and drugs create resistance among insects and microbes, creating a new threat to human and environmental welfare. This investigation focused on evaluating the possibilities of fabricating and characterizing the titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) from titanium dioxide (TiO2) through the aqueous leaf extract of Coleus aromaticus. Their biological applications were studied against the larvae of Aedes aegypti human pathogenic bacteria, and cancer cell line. The results revealed that the aqueous leaf extract had the metal reducing proficiency to produce nanoparticles from TiO2. The synthesized TiO2 NPs were initially confirmed by visible color changes and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometer analysis that showed a predominant peak at 332 nm. Furthermore, the nanocrystals, structural alignment, functional groups and elemental compositions were studied by following standard operating protocol in XRD (X-ray Powder Diffraction), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), and EDX (Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) techniques, respectively. The results attained from these techniques confirmed that the plant mediated and fabricated particles were in the nanoscale range (12-33 nm) with a hexagonal shape. The synthesized TiO2 NPs had an outstanding (1000 µg mL-1) larvicidal activity against the four stages of instars larvae of Ae. aegypti at 1000 µg mL-1. It also had an excellent antibacterial potential against E. faecalis (33 mm), followed by S. boydii (30 mm) at 30 mg L-1 concentration. The green fabricated TiO2 NPs had a fabulous (92.37%) cytotoxic activity on the HeLa cell line at 100 µg mL-1 dosage within one day of exposure. The entire results concluded that the C. aromaticus mediated TiO2 NPs have excellent biological applications and thus, could be considered for the welfare of human beings.

Glycosmis pentaphylla (Rutaceae): A Natural Candidate for the Isolation of Potential Bioactive Arborine and Skimmianine Compounds for Controlling Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Several multidrug-resistant organisms have emerged, which increases the threat to public health around the world and a limited number of therapeutics were available to counteract these issues. Thus, researchers are trying to find out novel antimicrobials to overcome multidrug-resistant issues. The present study aimed to isolate antibacterial principles against the clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus from the ethyl acetate extract of Gycosmis pentaphylla. The isolation and structural characterization of bioactive compounds were carried out using various chromatographic techniques (TLC, column, HPLC, and LC-MS) and spectral studies such as FT-IR, CHNS analysis, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. The antimicrobial potential of isolated compounds was assessed according to the standard methods. The isolated compounds were identified as arborine and skimmianine, which exhibited a significant antibacterial effect with the lowest MIC and MBC values against MDR S. aureus and in vitro kinetic and protein leakage assays supported the antimicrobial activity. Significant morphological changes such as uneven cell surfaces and morphology, cell shrinkage, and cell membrane damages were observed in the MDR S. aureus upon the treatment of arborine and skimmianine. The present investigation concludes that the isolated arborine and skimmianine compounds from G. pentaphylla harbor a strong antibacterial activity against MDR S. aureus and may be used as alternative natural drugs in the treatment of MDR S. aureus.

Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Potential of Bioactive Molecules Ursolic Acid and Thujone Isolated from Memecylon edule and Elaeagnus indica and Their Inhibitory Effect on Topoisomerase II by Molecular Docking Approach.

The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antiproliferative potential of ursolic acid and thujone isolated from leaves of Elaeagnus indica and Memecylon edule and their inhibitory effect on topoisomerase II using molecular docking study. The isolated ursolic acid and thujone were examined for different types of free radicals scavenging activity, the antiproliferative potential on U-937 and HT-60 cell lines by adopting standard methods. Further, these compounds were docked with the active site of the ATPase region of topoisomerase II. The findings of the research revealed that ursolic acid harbor strong antioxidant and antiproliferative capacity with low IC50 values than the thujone in all tested methods. Moreover, ursolic acid shows significant inhibition effect on topoisomerase II with a considerable docking score (-8.0312) and GLIDE energy (-51.86 kca/mol). The present outcome concludes that ursolic acid possesses significant antioxidant and antiproliferative potential, which can be used in the development of novel antioxidant and antiproliferative agents in the future.

Anticancer potential of leaf and leaf-derived callus extracts of Aerva javanica against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.

BACKGROUND: Aerva javanica is an exotic and medicinal plant in India. AIM OF THE STUDY: The main goal of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative properties of leaf and leaf-derived callus extracts against human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. METHODS: The plant parts were sequentially extracted with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol. The extract was concentrated to yield the crude extract, which was tested for anticancer potentials. The anticancer potential of cytotoxic extracts was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and DNA fragmentation assays in human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). RESULTS: All the tested extracts showed significant antiproliferative activities in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The inhibitory concentration of extract was tested against target cell line, and the results show in vitro leaf of A. javanica has higher inhibitory effect against the tested cancer cells at lower concentration (about 11.89 and 22.45 µg/ml) followed by other samples extracts. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study conclude in vitro plant sample having more potent anticancer property and support the need of further studies to isolate potential anticancer drug with cancer cell-specific cytotoxicity.

Mosquitocidal Effect of Glycosmis pentaphylla Leaf Extracts against Three Mosquito Species (Diptera: Culicidae).

BACKGROUND: The resistance status of malaria vectors to different classes of insecticides used for public health has raised concern for vector control programmes. Alternative compounds to supplement the existing tools are important to be searched to overcome the existing resistance and persistence of pesticides in vectors and the environment respectively. The mosquitocidal effects of Glycosmis pentaphylla using different solvents of acetone, methanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts against three medically important mosquito vectors was conducted. METHODS: Glycosmis pentaphylla plant leaves were collected from Kolli Hills, India. The WHO test procedures for larval and adult bioassays were used to evaluate extracts against mosquito vectors, and the chemical composition of extracts identified using GC-MS analysis. RESULTS: The larvicidal and adulticidal activity of G. pentaphylla plant extracts clearly impacted the three species of major mosquitoes vectors. Acetone extracts had the highest larvicidal effect against An. stephensi, Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti with the LC50 and LC90 values of 0.0004, 138.54; 0.2669, 73.7413 and 0.0585, 303.746 mg/ml, respectively. The LC50 and LC90 adulticide values of G. pentaphylla leaf extracts in acetone, methanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate, solvents were as follows for Cx. quinquefasciatus, An. stephensi and Ae. Aegypti: 2.957, 5.458, 2.708, and 4.777, 3.449, 6.676 mg/ml respectively. The chemical composition of G. pentaphylla leaf extract has been found in 20 active compounds. CONCLUSIONS: The plant leaf extracts of G. pentaphylla bioactive molecules which are effective and can be developed as an eco-friendly approach for larvicides and adulticidal mosquitoes vector control. Detailed identification and characterization of mosquitocidal effect of individual bioactive molecules ingredient may result into biodegradable effective tools for the control of mosquito vectors.

Spectral and HRTEM analyses of Annona muricata leaf extract mediated silver nanoparticles and its Larvicidal efficacy against three mosquito vectors Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Aedes aegypti.

Mosquitoes transmit various diseases which mainly affect the human beings and every year cause millions of deaths globally. Currently available chemical and synthetic mosquitocidal agents pose severe side effects, pollute the environment vigorously, and become resistance. There is an urgent need to identify and develop the cost effective, compatible and eco-friendly product for mosquito control. The present study was aimed to find out the larvicidal potential of aqueous crude extract and green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Annona muricata leaves were tested against fourth instar larvae of three important mosquitoes i.e. Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Aedes aegypti using different concentrations of AgNPs (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppm) and the aqueous leaf extract (100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm) for 24 and 48 h. The maximum mortality was noticed in AgNPs than aqueous leaf extract of A. muricata against tested mosquitoes with least LC50 values of 37.70, 31.29, and 20.65 ppm (24h) and 546.7, 516.2, and 618.4 ppm (48 h), respectively. All tested concentrations of AgNps exhibited 100% mortality in A. aegypti larvae at 48 hour observation. In addition, the plant mediated AgNPs were characterized by UV-vis spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particle size analyser, X-ray diffraction, high resonance transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis for confirmation of nanoparticle synthesis. Based on the findings of the study suggests that the use of A. muricata plant mediated AgNPs can act as an alternate insecticidal agents for controlling target mosquitoes.

Photoscopic characterization of green synthesized silver nanoparticles from Trichosanthes tricuspidata and its antibacterial potential.

The present study focused on the finding of reducing agents for the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the plant, Trichosanthes tricuspidata. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, particle size analyzer (PSA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses. The UV-Visible spectrum resulted a sharp peak (at 430nm) represents the strong plasmon resonance of silver. The average size distributions of AgNPs were found to be 78.49nm, through (PSA), and the silver ion with its crystalline nature was confirmed using intensity (2θ) peak value of 38.22°, 44.66°, 64.61°, and 77.49°. The SEM micrograph revealed that the synthesized AgNPs have a spherical morphology with the size ranges from 20 to 28nm. AFM showed the presence of polydispersed AgNPs with its size (20 to 60nm in height). The gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) study analyzed the responsible compounds present in the methanolic extracts for the bio-reduction of AgNPs and their antibacterial effect was studied. AgNPs exhibited preponderant activity than the methanolic extracts on clinical pathogens. Thus, the synthesized AgNPs might act as an effective antibacterial agent. Further studies are required to isolate the specific compound responsible for the reduction capability and its their inhibitory mechanisms for target bacterial strains.

Insecticidal and repellent activity of Clausena dentata (Rutaceae) plant extracts against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae).

Mosquito control is facing a threat due to the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. Insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol agents. The present study is to evaluate adulticidal activity of Clausena dentata plant extract against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. The adult mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. The highest mortality was found in acetone extracts against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus with the LC50 and LC90 4.1783 mg/ml (3.8201-7.1026), 9.3884 mg/ml (7. 8258-13.1820) and 4.2451 mg/ml (3.8547-8.0254), 12.3214 mg/ml (10.9287-16.2220), respectively. Smoke toxicity was observed at 10-min interval for 40 min, and the mortality data were recorded. Result shows that Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus are 85 ± 2 and 89 ± 1.5, respectively. A mortality of 100 % was recorded in the commercial mosquito control. These results suggest that the leaf extracts of C. dentata have a potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquitoes.

Adulticidal and smoke toxicity of Cipadessa baccifera (Roth) plant extracts against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti, and Culex quinquefasciatus.

Mosquito vectors are responsible for the transmission of parasitic and viral infections, including loss in commercial and labor outputs, particularly in developing countries with tropical and subtropical climates. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the adulticidal and smoke toxicity of Cipadessa baccifera (Roth) against three important mosquitoes vectors, Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti, and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Adult mortality was observed after 24-h recovery period. The plant crude extracts showed dose-dependent mortality. At higher concentrations, the adult showed restless movement for some times with abnormal wagging and then died. Among the extracts tested, the highest adulticidal activity was observed in acetone extract against An. stephensi followed by Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus with the LD50 and LD90 values 16.021 (14.080-18.345), 29.095 (25.118-34.089); 23.581 (22.100-28.315), 38.636 (35.321-41.021); and 13.560 (9.479-17.391), 248.35 (203.47-344.43) mg/ml, respectively. No mortality was recorded in the control. Smoke toxicity was observed at 10-min interval for 40 min and the mortality data were recorded. Among the C. baccifera plant powder tested. Smoke toxicity results show that Cx. quinquefasciatus, An. stephensi, and Ae. aegypti shows 88.6 ± 1.8, 78.2 ± 0.5, and 77 ± 1, respectively. One hundred percent mortality was recorded in the commercial mosquito control. The present study shows that C. baccifera leaf powder can be used as an efficient toxicity against mosquitoes. These results suggest that the leaf extracts of C. baccifera have a potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquitoes.

Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of plant extracts from Clausena dentata (Willd) (Rutaceae) against dengue, malaria, and filariasis vectors.

Mosquitoes in the larval stage are attractive targets for pesticides because mosquitoes breed in water, and thus, it is easy to deal with them in this habitat. The use of conventional pesticides in the water sources, however, introduces many risks to people and/or the environment. Natural pesticides, especially those derived from plants, are more promising in this aspect. Aromatic plants and their essential oils are very important sources of many compounds that are used in different respects. Insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative to chemical insecticides. Acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and petroleum benzine leaf extracts of Clausena dentata were tested against the fourth instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Larval mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. The highest larval mortality was found in acetone leaf extract, C. quinquefasciatus (LC50 = 0.150278 mg/ml; LC90 = 7.302613 mg/ml), A. aegypti (LC50 = 0.169495 mg/ml; LC90 = 1.10034 mg/ml), and A. stephensi (LC50 = 0.045684 mg/ml; LC90 = 0.045684 mg/ml). GC-MS analysis of plant extracts of acetone solvent revealed 16 compounds, of which the major compounds were benzene,1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-(2-propenyl) (14.97%), Z,Z-6,28-heptatriactontadien-2-one (6.81%), 2-allyl-4-methylphenol (28.14%), 2-allyl-4-methylphenol (17.34%), and 2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosahexaene, 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl (10.35%). Our result shows acetone leaf extracts of C. dentata have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for mosquito control.