Effect of antioxidants on adhesive bond strength to bleached enamel.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of antioxidants (ATX) resveratrol, winter's bark, green tea and yerba mate on the bond strength between bleached enamel and the nanohybrid composite resin. METHODOLOGY: Bovine incisor crowns (n = 132) were randomly divided into 22 groups (n = 6) according to the application times (5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min) of each antioxidant. Teeth restored without previous bleaching or ATX constituted the non-bleached control group (NB Ctrl) (n = 6), and teeth restored after bleaching and without ATX represented the bleached control group (B Ctrl) (n = 6). The 35 % hydrogen peroxide was applied for 45 min (3 application of 15 min) to the buccal enamel surface. ATX was used after bleaching for the specified time of each group and removed with air-water spray. The enamel was etched with 37 % phosphoric acid (30 s) and rinsed with air-water spray. The adhesive resin was applied to the enamel dry surface. Teeth were restored using 1 mm composite resin increments (10 × 10 × 3 mm) and sectioned in test specimens of 6 mm in length and 1 mm2 in cross-sectional area submitted to microtensile bond strength test (0.5 mm/min). The load (N) at failure was recorded, and the bond strength (σt) was calculated (MPa). The fracture area was analyzed under optical microscopy, and failures were classified as cohesive, mixed, or adhesive. Data was evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: B Ctrl group presented lower σt than NB Ctrl (p < 0.001). Applying resveratrol for 5 or 10 min, winter's bark for 10 or 15 min, green tea for less than 15 min, and yerba mate for 15 min provided similar σt between bleached enamel and nanohybrid composite to the control group. CONCLUSION: Restorative procedures performed immediately after tooth bleaching compromises adhesion. Experimental antioxidants applied to bleached enamel can increase the immediate bond strength of restorations performed directly after bleaching, with similar values to those observed in unbleached enamel. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study presents promising results to support the use of antioxidants on the recently bleached enamel to allow adhesive tooth restorations. The immediate bonding obtained using antioxidants was similar to the one achieved in non-bleached enamel in brief application times. Green tea extract and resveratrol were able to restore the bond strength to bleached enamel in a short application time of 5 min. The reduction in the required application time holds the potential to decrease the overall duration of the clinical section, offering clinical advantages and improving the feasibility of using antioxidants on the bleached enamel prior to adhesive procedures.

Intermittent fasting associated with coconut oil (Cocos nucifera L.) alters gut-liver axis parameters in diet-induced obese rats.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to investigate the effect of intermittent fasting, associated or not with coconut oil intake, on the gut-liver axis of obese rats. METHODS: A total of 50 rats were divided into five groups: control, obese, obese with intermittent fasting, obese with intermittent fasting plus coconut oil, and obese with caloric restriction. The rats were induced to obesity with a high-sugar diet for 17 wk. The respective interventions were carried out in the last 4 wk. RESULTS: The groups with intermittent fasting protocols had reduced total cholesterol (on average 54.31%), low-density lipoprotein (on average 53.39%), and triacylglycerols (on average 23.94%) versus the obese group; and the obese with intermittent fasting plus coconut oil group had the highest high-density lipoprotein compared with all groups. The obese with intermittent fasting plus coconut oil and obese with caloric restriction groups had lower metabolic load compared with the other groups. The obese group had high citric and succinic acid concentrations, which affected the hepatic tricarboxylic acid cycle, while all the interventions had reduced concentrations of these acids. No histologic changes were observed in the intestine or liver of the groups. CONCLUSION: Intermittent fasting, especially when associated with coconut oil, had effects comparable with caloric restriction in modulating the parameters of the gut-liver axis.

Feasibility study for mercury remediation by selenium competition in Pleurotus mushrooms.

Mushrooms may incorporate significant levels of Hg making its consumption harmful to human health. Mercury remediation induced by Se competition in edible mushrooms represents a valuable alternative since Se plays effective roles against Hg uptake, accumulation, and toxicity. In this way, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus djamor were cultivated on Hg-contaminated substrate simultaneously supplemented with Se(IV) or Se(VI) under different dosages in this study. The protective role of Se was assessed taking into account morphological characteristics and Hg and Se total concentrations determined by ICP-MS, as well as proteins and protein-bound Hg and Se distribution by SEC-UV-ICP-MS, and Hg speciation studies (Hg(II) and MeHg) by HPLC-ICP-MS. Both Se(IV) and Se(VI) supplementation were able to recover the morphology mainly of Hg-contaminated Pleurotus ostreatus. The mitigation effects induced by Se(IV) stood out more than Se(VI) in terms of Hg incorporation, decreasing the total Hg concentration up to 96 %. Also, it was found that supplementation mainly with Se(IV) reduced the fraction of Hg bound to medium molecular weight compounds (17-44 kDa) up to 80 %. Finally, it was shown a Se-induced inhibitory effect on Hg methylation, decreasing MeHg species content in mushrooms exposed to Se(IV) (51.2 µg g-1) up to 100 %.

Defining the age-dependent and tissue-specific circadian transcriptome in male mice.

Cellular circadian clocks direct a daily transcriptional program that supports homeostasis and resilience. Emerging evidence has demonstrated age-associated changes in circadian functions. To define age-dependent changes at the systems level, we profile the circadian transcriptome in the hypothalamus, lung, heart, kidney, skeletal muscle, and adrenal gland in three age groups. We find age-dependent and tissue-specific clock output changes. Aging reduces the number of rhythmically expressed genes (REGs), indicative of weakened circadian control. REGs are enriched for the hallmarks of aging, adding another dimension to our understanding of aging. Analyzing differential gene expression within a tissue at four different times of day identifies distinct clusters of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Increased variability of gene expression across the day is a common feature of aged tissues. This analysis extends the landscape for understanding aging and highlights the impact of aging on circadian clock function and temporal changes in gene expression.

Fotobiomodulação no tratamento do trismo em pacientes tratados por câncer de boca ou orofaringe: um ensaio clínico controlado randomizado / Photobiomodulation in the treatment of trismus in patients treated for oral or oropharyngeal cancer: a randomized controlled clinical trial

RESUMO Objetivo investigar a eficácia da associação entre a fotobiomodulação de baixa frequência e a terapia fonoaudiológica tradicional no tratamento do trismo, em pacientes tratados por câncer de boca ou orofaringe. Métodos ensaio clínico controlado, randomizado, longitudinal e prospectivo, realizado de acordo as normas da declaração CONSORT 2010. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado o questionário sociodemográfico, a avaliação clínica, a mensuração da abertura de boca por paquímetro, o protocolo de dor McGuill e o protocolo de qualidade de vida WHOQOL-Bref. A amostra foi composta por 30 participantes, de ambos os gêneros na faixa etária de 35-75 anos, divididos em dois grupos, controle e experimental, de forma controlada, mediante sorteio igualitário no que tange aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados por meio dos dados analisados, observou-se que houve aumento da amplitude vertical de mandíbula em ambos os grupos, GC: p<0,005 e GE: p<0,001. Não houve correlação estatística entre os grupos na comparação da abertura de boca, p>0,19, assim como em relação à dor orofacial e à qualidade de vida, p= 0,72, ambas as avaliações após a intervenção fonoaudiológica, porém, com melhores resultados para o GE, p<0,001. Conclusão Conclui-se pela eficácia da intervenção fonoaudiológica tradicional e a associação com a fotobiomodulação de baixa frequência no tratamento do trismo. Para a dor orofacial e qualidade de vida, o tratamento associado é mais benéfico.

ABSTRACT Purpose to investigate the effectiveness of the association between low-frequency photobiomodulation and traditional speech therapy in the treatment of trismus in patients treated for oral or oropharyngeal cancer. Methods controlled, randomized, longitudinal and prospective clinical trial, carried out in accordance with the norms of the CONSORT 2010 declaration. For data collection, a sociodemographic questionnaire, clinical evaluation, measurement of mouth opening by caliper, the protocol of McGuill pain and the WHOQOL-Bref quality of life protocol. The sample consisted of 30 participants, of both genders, aged between 35-75 years, divided into two groups, control and experimental, in a controlled manner, through an equal draw with regard to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results through the analyzed data, it was observed that there was an increase in the vertical amplitude of the mandible in both groups, CG: p0.19, as well as in relation to orofacial pain and quality of life, p= 0.72, both assessments after the speech therapy intervention, however, with better results for the EG, p<0.001. Conclusion It is concluded that the traditional speech therapy intervention and its association with low-frequency photobiomodulation are effective in the treatment of trismus. For orofacial pain and quality of life, associated treatment is more beneficial.

Digital educational technology content production and validity about Japanese bathtub (ofurô) in neonatal unit / Producción y validación de contenido de tecnología educativa digital sobre baño de hidromasaje en unidad neonatal / Produção e validação de conteúdo de tecnologia educacional digital sobre banho de ofurô em unidade neonatal

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the elaboration and content validity stages of a digital educational technology for nursing professionals about Japanese bathtub (ofurô) in newborns in neonatal care units. Method: A methodological study conducted between August 2019 and July 2021, in a public maternity hospital in Manaus, Amazonas, developed in two stages. In the first, the e-book images, text and editing were produced. In the second, material content validity was carried out, through the opinion of 15 expert judges, nurses and neonatal care experts. In data analysis, the percentage of agreement was applied with agreement score estimation. Items with 80% or more agreement were considered valid. Results: The e-book "Japanese bathtub: manual for nursing professionals" was produced, organized into nine sessions, which describe the technique execution. Content was considered valid by expert judges (general score 90%). Conclusion: The e-book was considered suitable for use in training nursing professionals, with potential for dissemination of knowledge regarding humanization of care for premature babies.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir las etapas de elaboración y validación de contenido de una tecnología educativa digital para profesionales de enfermería sobre el baño ofurô en recién nacidos en Unidades de Cuidados Neonatales. Método: Estudio metodológico realizado entre agosto de 2019 y julio de 2021, en una maternidad pública de Manaus, Amazonas, desarrollado en dos etapas. En la primera se produjeron las imágenes, el texto y la edición del e-book. En el segundo, se realizó la validación de contenido del material, a través de la expresión de 15 jueces expertos, enfermeros y experimentados en cuidados neonatales. En el análisis de datos se aplicó el porcentaje de concordancia con estimación del puntaje de concordancia. Se consideraron válidos los ítems con un 80% o más de acuerdo. Resultados: Se elaboró el libro electrónico "Banho de ofurô: manual para profissionais de enfermagem" (Baño de Ofurô: manual para profesionales de enfermería), organizado en nueve sesiones, que describen la ejecución de la técnica. El contenido fue considerado válido por los jueces expertos (puntuación general 90%). Conclusión: El e-book se consideró apto para ser utilizado en la formación de profesionales de enfermería, con potencial para la difusión de conocimientos sobre la humanización del cuidado del recién nacido prematuro.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as etapas de elaboração e validação de conteúdo de uma tecnologia educacional digital para profissionais de enfermagem sobre o banho de ofurô em recém-nascidos em Unidades de Cuidado Neonatal. Método: Estudo metodológico conduzido entre agosto de 2019 e julho de 2021, em uma maternidade pública de Manaus, Amazonas, desenvolvido em duas etapas. Na primeira, foram produzidas as imagens, texto e editoração do e-book. Na segunda, foi conduzida a validação de conteúdo do material, pela manifestação de 15 juízes especialistas, enfermeiros e experientes no cuidado neonatal. Na análise dos dados, aplicou-se a porcentagem de concordância com estimação de escore de concordância. Foram considerados válidos os itens com 80% ou mais de concordância. Resultados: Foi produzido o e-book "Banho de ofurô: manual para profissionais de enfermagem", organizado em nove sessões, que descrevem a execução da técnica. O conteúdo foi considerado válido pelos juízes especialistas (escore geral 90%). Conclusão: O e-book foi considerado adequado para ser utilizado em treinamento de profissionais de enfermagem, com potencial para a difusão do conhecimento quanto à humanização da assistência ao recém-nascido prematuro.

Intake, digestibility, ruminal parameters, and performance in lamb fed with increasing levels of red propolis extract.

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of increasing levels of red propolis extract (RPE) on the intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, rumen parameters, metabolic parameters, and performance of feedlot lambs. Thirty-five uncastrated male Santa Inês lambs with an initial weight of 17.08 ± 2.36 kg were used in a completely randomized design with five treatments (0, 7, 14, 21, or 28 mL RPE/animal/day). The animals were confined for 68 days. Red propolis extract induced a negative quadratic response (P < 0.05) in the intakes of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, non-fibrous carbohydrates, and metabolizable energy. The apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber, as well as the rumen concentration of NH3-N, also responded quadratically (P < 0.05) to RPE. Feeding efficiency increased linearly (P < 0.05) with the inclusion of RPE, whereas rumination efficiency was maximum (P < 0.05) at the RPE level of 16 mL/day. Red propolis extract induced a linear response (P < 0.05) in serum total protein, albumin, creatinine, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. There was a quadratic effect on final body weight and average daily gain with minimum values for inclusion of RPE of 12.89 mL/day and 10.93 mL/day respectively. Feed efficiency rose linearly (P < 0.05) with the increasing concentrations of RPE in the diet. The inclusion of 21 mL RPE/day (8.5 mg total flavonoids/mL) in the diet of feedlot lambs is recommended to reduce the rumen NH3-N production and increase the animals' performance.

Effects of Se(IV) or Se(VI) enrichment on proteins and protein-bound Se distribution and Se bioaccessibility in oyster mushrooms.

A successful mushroom enrichment process must produce foods that have compounds potentially absorbed by the human body. In this study, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus djamor mushrooms were grown on organic substrate supplemented with different Se(IV) and Se(VI) concentrations, and evaluated in the following features: Fruiting bodies morphology; Se uptake and accumulation; Distribution of proteins and protein-bound Se; Se species identification on enzymatic extracts; Se bioaccessibility; and Distribution of bioaccessible protein-bound Se. Pleurotus djamor grown on Se(IV)-supplemented substrate showed the greatest potential to uptake and accumulate Se. For Se species screening, selenomethionine was identified in white oyster mushroom, while selenomethionine, selenocystine, and Se-methylselenocysteine in pink oyster mushrooms. In soluble fractions from in vitro gastrointestinal digestion assays, Se showed high bioaccessibility (>94%). Lastly, bioaccessible Se species were found to be mainly associated to LMW (<17 kDa) in Pleurotus ostreatus (74%) and Pleurotus djamor (68%) grown on Se(IV)-supplemented substrates.

The protective role of selenium against uptake and accumulation of cadmium and lead in white oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) and pink oyster (Pleurotus djamor) mushrooms.

Mushrooms are bioaccumulators and have been used to produce Se-enriched foods. However, these fungi can also bioaccumulate potentially toxic metals, producing food dangerous to human health. It is known that co-exposure to Se plays a protective role against metal accumulation and toxicity in some organisms due to its antioxidant properties. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Se(IV) and Se(VI) on elemental uptake and accumulation as well as proteins and protein-bound Se, Cd, and Pb distribution in Pleurotus mushrooms. Pink oyster and white oyster mushrooms showed high ability to bioaccumulate Se (19-205 µg g-1), Cd (4.5 to 18.8 µg g-1), and Pb (1.6 to 7.0 µg g-1). Growth substrate supplementation with Se(IV) or Se(VI) decreased the Cd total concentration in mushrooms by 4 to 89%, while Se(VI) increased the Pb total concentration by 9% to 187%, compared to growth in absence of Se. It was found that despite molecular weights distributions of mushrooms grown on Se(IV) and Se(VI)-supplemented substrates being similar, Se(VI) supplementation favoured Se interaction with proteins of medium molecular weight (17-44 kDa), when compared to supplementation with Se(IV). Therefore, we propose the supplementation of growth substrates with Se(VI) to reduce eventual Cd accumulation and produce Se-enriched oyster mushrooms.

Tecnologias educacionais em saúde mental para trabalhadores: revisão integrativa / Tecnologías educativas en salud mental para trabajadores: revisión integradora de la literatura / Education technologies in mental health for workers: an integrative review

Resumo Objetivo Identificar na literatura científica as tecnologias educacionais em saúde mental desenvolvidas ou voltadas para os trabalhadores. Métodos Revisão integrativa, realizada em maio de 2021, nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), acessada por meio do portal PubMed; Scopus; Web of Science e Embase. Utilizou-se a estratégia População Interesse Contexto, na qual foram combinados descritores controlados e não controlados com os operadores booleanos OR e AND. Para tanto, fez-se uso do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. A análise crítica e a síntese qualitativa dos oito estudos selecionados foram realizadas de forma descritiva. Resultados Das tecnologias utilizadas para educação em saúde mental de trabalhadores, houve predomínio de vídeos educativos. Ademais, também surgiram outros tipos de tecnologias, como: softwares e material por escrito. Sete tecnologias demonstraram aumento do conhecimento dos trabalhadores que foram submetidos a elas. Quanto aos temas que foram abordados, houve predominância da depressão e da demência. Conclusão Foi possível observar que as tecnologias utilizadas colaboraram com o conhecimento sobre a saúde mental de trabalhadores.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar en la literatura científica las tecnologías educativas en salud mental desarrolladas o destinadas a los trabajadores. Métodos Revisión integradora, realizada en mayo de 2021, en las bases de datos Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), a la que se ingresó por medio del portal PubMed; Scopus; Web of Science y Embase. Se utilizó la estrategia Población Interés Contexto, en la cual se combinaron descriptores controlados y no controlados con los operadores booleanos OR y AND. Para eso, se usó el Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. De los ocho estudios seleccionados, se realizó el análisis crítico y la síntesis cualitativa de forma descriptiva. Resultados De las tecnologías utilizadas para la educación en salud mental de trabajadores, predominaron los videos educativos. También surgieron otros tipos de tecnologías, como software y material escrito. Siete tecnologías demostraron un aumento del conocimiento de los trabajadores que las utilizaron. Respecto a los temas que fueron abordados, predominaron depresión y demencia. Conclusión Fue posible observar que las tecnologías utilizadas colaboraron con el conocimiento sobre la salud mental de trabajadores.

Abstract Objective To identify in the scientific literature the educational technologies in mental health developed for or directed at workers. Methods This integrative review was carried out in May 2021 on the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), accessed through the PubMed portal, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The Population, Interest, Context strategy was used, in which controlled and uncontrolled descriptors were combined with Boolean operators OR and. For such, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were used. The critical analysis and qualitative synthesis of the eight selected studies were performed descriptively. Results Among the technologies used for the mental health education of workers, there was a predominance of educational videos. Moreover, other technology types such as software and written materials also emerged. Seven technologies demonstrated an increase in the knowledge of workers subjected to them. Regarding the addressed themes, there was a predominance of depression and dementia. Conclusion It was possible to observe that the technologies used collaborated with the mental health knowledge of workers.

Safety and efficacy of a mucoadhesive phytomedication containing curcuminoids and Bidens pilosa L. extract in the prevention and treatment of radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis: Triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Oral mucositis (OM) is the significant complication of radio/chemotherapy treatment. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a mucoadhesive phytomedication containing curcuminoids and Bidens pilosa L. (FITOPROT) in the prevention/treatment of OM. METHODS: Sixty-two patients were randomized into the group's intervention and placebo. Adverse effect assessment, OM grading, pain, and saliva collection were carried at the 1st, 15th, 21st, and final of radiotherapy (RT). Inflammatory salivary mediators were measured. RESULTS: FITOPROT decreased the severity of OM from the 15th to the final RT, while the placebo showed an increase in the severity (p < 0.05). Intervention group had a lower number of patients with ulcerated OM at the final RT (p < 0.05). Phytomedication prevented increases of IL-8 levels and reduced the salivary nitrite during RT. CONCLUSIONS: FITOPROT does not promote adverse effects, it appears to be effective at reducing the severity of OM, and it controls the concentration of pro-inflammatory mediators.

Can roughage: concentrate ratio affect the action of red propolis extract on sheep metabolism?

The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the addition of red propolis extract (RPE), in different roughage: concentrate (R:C) ratios, influences the intake, digestibility, ruminal parameters, and serum biochemistry of sheep. We used eight Santa Inês sheep with an average body weight of 29.45 ± 1.58 kg, housed in metabolism cages for 60 days, and distributed in two simultaneous Latin square designs in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme. The factors consisted of two R:C ratios (70:30 and 30:70) with or without the addition of 15 mL/day of RPE. No interactions were found (P > 0.05) between R:C ratios and with or without RPE. Sheep fed 30:70 ratio showed higher (P < 0.05) intake and dry matter (DM) digestibility and non-fibrous carbohydrates and lower (P < 0.05) intake and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility. The addition of RPE did not influence (P > 0.05) the intake or nutrients digestibility, but the sheep that received RPE had a higher (P < 0.05) ruminal pH and longer (P < 0.05) time of rumination (min/kg DM) compared to the group without propolis. The ruminal ammonia concentration was higher for sheep fed 70:30 ratio, but the concentrations of total protein and albumin did not differ between R:C ratios. The addition of 15 mL of RPE does not influence the intake, digestibility, ingestive behavior, and rumen ammonical nitrogen of sheep. There is no association between the R:C ratio and the addition of 15 mL/day of RPE for sheep.

Mucuna pruriens Administration Minimizes Neuroinflammation and Shows Anxiolytic, Antidepressant and Slimming Effects in Obese Rats.

This study evaluated the effect of Mucuna pruriens (MP) administration on neuroinflammation and behavioral and murinometric parameters in obese rats. Proximate composition, oligosaccharide and phenolic compound profile of MP were determined. Wistar adult male rats were randomized into healthy (HG) and obese group (OG). The HG consumed a control chow diet while OG consumed a cafeteria diet for eight weeks. Then, they were subdivided into: Healthy (HG); Healthy with MP administration (HGMP); Obese (OG); Obese with MP administration (OGMP), with the consumption of the respective diets remaining for another eight weeks, in addition to gavage with MP extract to supplemented groups (750 mg/kg weight). MP presented a composition rich in proteins and phenolic compounds, especially catechin, in addition to 1-kestose and levodopa. Supplementation reduced food intake, body weight, and thoracic and abdominal circumferences in obese rats. MP showed anxiolytic and antidepressant effects and reduced morphological damage and expression of interleukin 6 in the hippocampus of obese rats. MP treatment showed satietogenic, slimming, anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, besides to minimizing hippocampal neuroinflammation in obese rats. Our results demonstrated the potential anti-obesity of MP which are probably related to the high content of bioactive compounds present in this plant extract.

Lippia sidoides and Lippia origanoides essential oils affect the viability, motility and ultrastructure of Trypanosoma cruzi.

Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is considered a public health problem. The current chemotherapy for this illness causes serious side effects and its use in the chronic phase of the disease is still controversial. In this regard, the investigation of novel therapeutic strategies remains a priority. The essential oils (EOs) from aromatic plants emerge as a promising source of bioactive compounds. In a previous work we reported the trypanocidal activity of the essential oils from the medicinal plants Lippia sidoides (LSEO) and Lippia origanoides (LOEO) against T. cruzi. Herein, we aimed to further investigate, in more details, the mode of action of LSEO and LOEO on the different developmental stages of this parasite. We showed that Lippia sidoides (LSEO) and Lippia origanoides (LOEO) induced a significant reduction in the percentage of macrophages infected by T. cruzi and in the number of intracellular parasites. Ultrastructural analysis showed that the treatment with both oils caused morphological changes consistent with loss of viability and cell death. The reduced staining with calcein and the increase in the proportion of HE-positive cells also demonstrated that LSEO and LOEO caused loss of parasite viability and membrane integrity. A considerable decrease in Rhodamine 123 and an increase in fluorescence intensity of MitoSox in LOEO were indicative of loss of mitochondrial potential and generation of reactive oxygen species, which ultimately lead to parasite death. Moreover, the optical tweezer analysis indicated that LOEO was more effective in reducing the motility of the epimastigotes. Taken together, our results demonstrated that the LSEO and LOEO are active against T. cruzi and constitute a promising drugs for the therapy of Chagas disease.

Elemental imaging by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy to evaluate selenium enrichment effects in edible mushrooms.

Mushrooms are bioaccumulating organisms commonly used in selenium (Se) enrichment studies. However, the addition of Se in the culture medium may alter the distribution of other essential elements in the mushroom fruiting body. To evaluate the effects of the Se enrichment, Ca, Mg, and K distributions in pink oyster (Pleurotus djamor) and K and Mg distributions in white oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) mushrooms were mapped by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), which can be used at room temperature and requires minimal or no sample preparation. It was verified that Se enrichment favoured the accumulation of Ca in the lower part of the pink oyster mushroom and prevented the transport of this element to the edges and tops. The Se enrichment also altered the distribution of K and Mg, decreasing the numerical correlation between the K and Mg distributions (R² = 0.5871). In the white oyster mushroom, however, despite the changes in the morphological characteristics of the fruiting bodies after enrichment, there were generally nonsignificant differences in the K and Mg distributions between the control and the Se-enriched mushrooms.

Mucoadhesive formulation containing Curcuma longa L. reduces oral mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil in hamsters.

We explored the effects of a mucoadhesive formulation containing curcuminoid (MFC) from Curcuma longa L. extract on oral mucositis (OM) induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in hamsters. Seventy-two golden Syrian hamsters were randomly allocated into four groups: control, placebo, chamomilla, and MFC. Animals received an intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU at Days 0 and 2. On Days 3 and 4, the buccal mucosa was scratched. Therapy was initiated on Day 5. Animals received two applications of the substances per day according to the experimental group. Six animals were euthanized on Days 8, 10, and 14. Clinical analysis were performed using photography and histopathological sections of 3 µm were stained by hematoxylin-eosin for semiquantitative analysis of re-epithelization and inflammation. Immunohistochemistry was used for angiogenesis (CD31) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-ß1) analysis. On Day 5, all groups exhibited OM. Clinical and histopathological findings revealed that on Day 8, both MFC and chamomilla groups exhibited better wound healing. In addition, the MFC group demonstrated lower angiogenesis and TGF-ß1 levels on Day 8 compared with placebo and control groups. Collectively, these findings suggest that MFC has a therapeutic effect on OM, accelerating wound healing through re-epithelization and anti-inflammatory action as modulation of angiogenesis and TGF-ß1 expression.

Custos de equipamentos coletores e adjuvantes em pacientes com estomias de eliminação / Collection and adjuvant equipment costs in patients with elimination ostomy / Costos de equipos colectores y adicionales en pacientes con estomas de eliminación

Objetivo: avaliar os custos de equipamentos coletores e adjuvantes dispensados pelo serviço público para pacientes com estomias de eliminação. Método: estudo transversal analítico realizado em um centro integrado de saúde em Teresina-PI, com 115 pacientes que receberam equipamentos e/ou adjuvantes para estomia. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de abril e maio de 2017, mediante entrevista e revisão de prontuário, utilizando formulário semiestruturado. A análise foi desenvolvida a partir de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (59,1%), casado (59,1%), possuía ensino fundamental (55,7%), residia em Teresina (53,1%) e com idade média de 58,41 anos. As estomias decorrentes de trauma (R$ 302,50), as provisórias (R$ 293,75), as inferiores a três anos (R$ 289,84) e a colostomia (R$ 306,29) apresentaram maior custo médio mensal, sendo que a herniação foi a complicação com maior custo (R$ 326,70). Os pacientes que utilizaram bolsa de duas peças (R$ 317,50) e pasta (R$ 324,00) tiveram maior custo médio mensal. Ademais, aqueles com retração (R$ 53,40) e estenose (R$ 20,67) tiveram maior custo médio com adjuvantes. Houve associação significativa entre o custo mensal e o tipo de estomia (p<0,001), as complicações (p=0,011), o tipo de bolsa (p<0,001) e os adjuvantes (p=0,020). Conclusão: observou-se que numerosas variáveis relacionadas às estomias, aos equipamentos coletores e aos adjuvantes apresentaram associação significativa com os custos mensais. Diante disso, espera-se contribuir para melhoria da prática assistencial de Enfermagem na dispensação de materiais e no gerenciamento da assistência às pessoas com estomias.(AU)

Objective: to evaluate the costs of collecting equipment and adjuvants dispensed by the public service for patients with elimination ostomies. Method: an analytical cross-sectional study performed at an integrated health center in Teresina-PI, with 115 patients who received equipment and / or adjuvants for the ostomy. The data were collected in April and May of 2017, through an interview and review of medical records, using semi-structured form. The analysis was developed from descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: most of the patients were male (59.1%), married (59.1%), had primary education (55.7%), resided in Teresina (53.1%) and had a mean age of 58.41 years old. Trauma (R$ 302.50), provisional (R$ 293.75), lower than three years (R$ 289.84) and colostomy (R$ 306.29) had a higher average monthly cost, and herniation was the costliest complication (R$ 326.70). Patients who used a two-piece bag (R$ 317.50) and paste (R$ 324.00) had a higher average monthly cost. In addition, those with retraction (R$ 53.40) and stenosis (R$ 20.67) had higher average cost with adjuvants. There was a significant association between monthly cost and type of stoma (p <0.001), complications (p = 0.011), type of pouch (p <0.001) and adjuvants...(AU)

Objetivo: evaluar costos de los equipos colectores y adicionales suministrados por servicios públicos para pacientes con estoma de eliminación. Método: estudio transversal analítico realizado en un centro integrado de salud de Teresina (PI) con 115 pacientes que recibieron equipos y/ o adicionales para estoma. Los datos se recogieron en abril y mayo de 2017 a través de entrevistas y revisión de expedientes, con cuestionario semiestructurado. El análisis se efectuó en base a estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: la mayoría de los pacientes era del sexo masculino (59,1%), casada (59,1%) con instrucción básica (55,7%), domiciliada en Teresina (53,1%) y edad promedio de 58, 41 años. Los estomas resultantes del trauma (R$ 302,50), los provisionales (R$ 293, 75), los inferiores a 3 años (R$ 289,84) y la colostomía (R$ 306,29) presentaron un costo superior al promedio mensual; la herniación fue la complicación de mayor costo (R$ 326,70). El costo promedio mensual de los pacientes que usaron bolsas de dos piezas (R$ 317,50) y pasta (R$ 324,00) fue mayor. Aquéllos con retracción (R$ 53,40) y estenosis (R$ 20,67) presentaron mayor costo promedio mensual con adicionales. Asociación significativa entre costo mensual y tipo de estoma (p<0,001), complicaciones (p=0,011), tipo de bolsa p<0,001 ) y adicionales (p=0,020). Conclusión: variables vinculadas con estomas, equipos colectores y adicionales presentaron asociación significativa con costos mensuales. Se espera poder contribuir a mejorar la práctica asistencial de enfermería en el suministro de material y en gestión de la atención de personas con estoma.(AU)

Percepção de estudantes de graduação em enfermagem acerca do recebimento do toque terapêutico / Perception of nursing undergraduate student about receiving the therapeutic touch / Percepción de universitarios sobre la recepción de toque terapéutico

Objective: Herein, the goal has been to know the perceptions of nursing undergraduate student about receiving the Therapeutic Touch. Methods: It is a descriptive-exploratory research with a qualitative approach, which was carried out with 10 nursing students from a Federal University from the Southern region of Brazil. For data collection, which was performed over October 2015, a semi-structured interview was used and the data were analyzed according to the discursive textual analysis. As a result, the following category emerged: The importance of caring for oneself and for others. Conclusion: The students reported a reduction of the signs of stress and pain, and an improvement in the sleep quality, leading to greater well-being. Hence, when people begin to consider subtler instances of life, it is possible to use strategies, such as the Therapeutic Touch, in order to provide a better quality of life for themselves, and later for the other

Objetivo: Conhecer as percepções de estudantes de graduação em enfermagem acerca do recebimento do Toque Terapêutico. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, com abordagem descritiva exploratória, realizada com 10 estudantes de Enfermagem de uma Universidade Federal do sul do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, realizada em outubro de 2015, utilizou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada e os dados foram analisados de acordo com a análise textual discursiva. Como resultado emergiu a categoria: A importância de cuidar de si e do outro. Conclusão: O relato dos estudantes evidenciou redução dos sinais de estresse e dor, melhora na qualidade sono, acarretando em maior bem-estar. Logo, quando as pessoas passam a considerar instâncias mais sutis da vida é possível utilizar estratégias, como o toque terapêutico, a fim de proporcionar maior qualidade de vida para si e posteriormente para o outro

Objetivo: Conocer las percepciones de los universitarios sobre la recepción de Toque Terapéutico. Método: La investigación cualitativa con enfoque exploratorio descriptivo, realizado con 10 estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Federal del Sur de Brasil. Para recopilar los datos, llevadas en octubre el año 2015, se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada y los datos se analizaron de acuerdo con el análisis textual discursiva. Como resultado surgió la categoría: La importancia de cuidar de sí mismos y entre sí. Conclusión: El informe de los estudiantes mostró signos de reducción de estrés y el dolor, mejorar la calidad del sueño, lo que resulta en un mayor bienestar. Así que cuando la gente viene a considerar más sutiles instancias de la vida se puede utilizar estrategias como el toque terapéutico, con el fin de proporcionar una mayor calidad de vida para ellos y luego hacia el otro

Cuidados de Enfermagem frente a dimensão espiritual no período gestacional: uma revisão integrativa / Nursing care for spiritual dimension in the gestational period

Revisão integrativa que objetivou identificar como os enfermeiros estão atuando frente a dimensão espiritual durante o período gestacional; verificar quais são os principais cuidados desenvolvidos por esses enfermeiros e, em que ambientes se percebe esse cuidado espiritual. Para busca utilizou-se a base de dados Medline. Foram encontradas 39 publicações que, após a filtragem segundo critérios de inclusão/exclusão resultaram em 21 artigos selecionados. Obtiveram-se três temas: Cuidados de enfermagem espirituais como estratégias para o fortalecimento da espiritualidade/religiosidade durante a gestação, no parto, e em casos de dificuldades; Espiritualidade/religiosidade para o enfrentamento de sentimentos gerados na gravidez e no parto; E, garantir e incentivar o preparo adequado dos enfermeiros no manejo dos cuidados espirituais das gestantes e no fim da vida do neonato. A dimensão espiritual atuou como fator de bem-estar, conforto, confiança e apoio, além de suporte emocional durante a gestação e no momento do parto. (AU)

Integrative review that aimed to identify how nurses are acting in the spiritual dimension during the gestational period; to verify what are the main cares developed by these nurses and, in which environments this spiritual care is perceived. To search we used the Medline database. We found 39 publications that, after filtering according to inclusion / exclusion criteria, resulted in 21 selected articles. Three themes were obtained: Spiritual nursing care as strategies for strengthening spirituality / religiosity during pregnancy, childbirth, and in cases of difficulties; Spirituality / religiosity to cope with feelings generated during pregnancy and childbirth; And, ensure and encourage the proper preparation of nurses in the management of spiritual care of pregnant women and the end of life of the newborn. The spiritual dimension acted as a factor of well-being, comfort, confidence and support, as well as emotional support during pregnancy and delivery. (AU)

Revisión integradora que tuvo como objetivo identificar cómo las enfermeras están actuando en la dimensión espiritual durante el período de gestación; verificar cuáles son los principales cuidados desarrollados por estas enfermeras y en qué entornos se percibe este cuidado espiritual. Para buscar utilizamos la base de datos Medline. Encontramos 39 publicaciones que, después de filtrar según los criterios de inclusión / exclusión, dieron como resultado 21 artículos seleccionados. Se obtuvieron tres temas: cuidado espiritual de enfermería como estrategias para fortalecer la espiritualidad / religiosidad durante el embarazo, el parto y en casos de dificultades; Espiritualidad / religiosidad para hacer frente a los sentimientos generados durante el embarazo y el parto; Y, asegurar y alentar la preparación adecuada de las enfermeras en el manejo del cuidado espiritual de las mujeres embarazadas y el final de la vida del recién nacido. La dimensión espiritual actuó como un factor de bienestar, comodidad, confianza y apoyo, así como el apoyo emocional durante el embarazo y el parto. (AU)

Atuação do nutricionista para melhora da qualidade de vida de pacientes oncológicos em cuidados paliativos / Nutritionist's professional practice to improve quality of life of cancer patients undergoing palliative care

Introdução: O cuidado paliativo é uma das formas de tratamento do câncer avançado que objetiva o controle dos sintomas, conforto e a melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes e de seusfamiliares. Como membro da equipe multiprofissional, que atua neste âmbito, está o nutricionista,que exerce papel substancial nesses cuidados. Objetivo: Caracterizar a associação entre a atuaçãodo nutricionista e a qualidade de vida de pacientes oncológicos em cuidados paliativos. Material eMétodos: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa com base no banco de dados Bireme,PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus e Cinahl e Embase, contemplando artigos publicados no períodode 2012 a 2017. Para composição da estratégia de busca foram utilizadas as palavras-chave:nutricionista; cuidados paliativos e câncer em português e inglês. Resultados: Foram encontrados187 artigos e excluídos 183 trabalhos, após leitura dos títulos, resumos e textos por não fazeremreferência ao tema proposto e aos critérios de inclusão. Foram inseridos um total de quatro estudos,sendo dois artigos da base Bireme, um artigo da base Web of Science e um da PubMed. Conclusão:O profissional nutricionista executa papel primordial nos cuidados paliativos, pois a terapianutricional colabora para a redução dos efeitos colaterais ocasionados pelo tratamento, realizandoorientações nutricionais pertinentes a estes indivíduos, além de fazer relação de vínculo entre aequipe, o paciente e seus familiares no tocante à alimentação, contribuindo assim para a melhora daqualidade de vida destes pacientes

Introduction: Palliative care is an alternative to treat cancer in its advanced stage. Treatment aims to control symptoms, comfort, and improve the quality of life of patients and their families. The nutritionist is a member of the multidisciplinary team who plays a substantial role in this care. Objective: Characterize the association between the nutritionist's professional practice and the quality of life of cancer patients in palliative care. Material and Methods: We conducted an integrative review of published literature from 2012 through 2017. Database searched included PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cinahl, and Embase. The following keywords were used separately and combined in all databases and search engines: search terms, "nutritionist", "palliative care", and "cancer". The search was limited to Portuguese and English languages. Results: The integrative literature search resulted in the identification of 187 articles; of which 183 were excluded. Articles were first screened by review of the title. Selected articles were further screened by review of the abstract. The final chosen articles were read and the desired data summarized. Studies were excluded if they did not specifically record the proposed theme. Four studies were identified, two from Bireme, one from the Web of Science, and one from PubMed searches. Conclusion: Nutritionist's professional practice is primordial in the care of the patient. He/she helps to establish the best therapeutic plan, including nutrition therapy, in order to reduce the anxiety and suffering so peculiar in this approach. He/she also helps to reduce side effects caused by the treatment, making pertinent nutritional orientations/counseling to the individuals. The professional can establish a relationship between the team, the patient, and their families regarding nutrition. Thus, this professional might contribute to the improvement of patents' quality of life.