RESUMEN
Objective: To explore the relationship between nutrient-related dietary pattern and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in middle-aged and elderly people. Methods: A total of 6 444 middle-aged and elderly people aged ≥55 years were selected in 2018 China Health and Nutrition Survey. MCI was evaluated by Mini-Mental State Examination, and the intakes of various foods were obtained by consecutive 3-day 24-hour dietary survey and weighing method. The intakes of various nutrients and total dietary energy were calculated based on the food composition table. Demographic and social information, lifestyle and health status of the respondents were obtained through questionnaire survey and physical measurements. In this study, vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, iron, copper and selenium were selected as dependent variables. Nutrient-related dietary patterns were extracted by reduced rank regression method, and the relationship between dietary patterns and MCI was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model. Results: Six dietary patterns were extracted in this study, and dietary pattern 1 with the highest explanatory degree was selected for subsequent analysis. Dietary pattern 1 was characterized by higher intakes of legume products, vegetables, fruits, nuts, pork, aquatic products and plant oil. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of MCI was lower in Q4 dietary score group than in Q1 dietary score group (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.49-0.98) in the 55-64 age group. In people with sleep duration of 8 hours per day, the risk of MCI was reduced in Q2, Q3 and Q4 dietary score groups compared with the Q1 dietary score group, with OR values of 0.68 (95%CI: 0.51-0.92), 0.67 (95%CI: 0.49-0.92) and 0.65 (95%CI: 0.45-0.92), respectively. Interaction analysis showed that the risk for MCI increased in those aged 65-74 years and ≥75 years compared with those aged 55-64 years in Q1 dietary score group. However, the risk for MCI decreased in both age groups as dietary pattern scores increased. Compared with those with sleep duration less or more than 8 hours per day in Q1 dietary score group, those with sleep duration of 8 hours per day in Q2 and Q3 dietary score groups had a reduced risk for MCI. Conclusion: Dietary patterns with higher intakes of legume products, vegetables, fruits, nuts, pork, aquatic products, and plant oil are negatively associated with MCI in people aged 55-64 years and those who slept 8 hours per day, and may reduce the risk of MCI with aging.
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Disfunción Cognitiva , Conducta Alimentaria , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Humanos , Conducta Alimentaria/psicología , Dieta , Disfunción Cognitiva/epidemiología , Nutrientes , Verduras , China/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) in 3 central cities (Chifeng, Hohhot, Ordos) and the surrounding rural areas of Inner Mongolia region, and to look for possible risk factors related to the disease. Methods: From March to October of 2019, a multi-stage stratified random sampling epidemiological survey was conducted in Chifeng, Hohhot, Ordos and rural areas. The AR-related factors of the population were obtained in the form of face-to-face questionnaire survey, and the skin prick test (SPT) was taken for the participants. AR disease was diagnosed according to the "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis (2015, Tianjin)". The daily airborne pollen situation in the three regions was monitored during the same period. SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze all survey results. Results: A total of 6 818 questionnaires were recovered, with 6 393 valid questionnaires. The self-reported prevalence of AR was 27.72% (1 772/6 393) and the confirmed prevalence of AR was 17.10% (1 093/6 393). The prevalence of perennial AR was 1.83% (117/6 393) while the prevalence of seasonal AR was 15.27% (976/6 393). The prevalence of AR diagnosed in females was higher than that in males (19.19% vs 15.34%, χ²=16.594, P<0.001) and the prevalence of females in the two age groups of 36-45 years and 46-55 years was significantly higher than that of males (18.17% vs 9.73%, 14.13% vs 7.25%, χ2 value was 23.848, 18.772, respectively, all P<0.001). The prevalence of confirmed diagnoses in ethnic minorities was higher than that of Han nationality, and the prevalence of confirmed diagnoses in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas (23.13% vs 16.20%, 27.27% vs 9.71%, χ2 value was 24.516, 336.024, respectively, all P<0.001). The main nasal symptoms of AR patients were sneezing (91.31%), nasal congestion (85.91%) and nasal itching (85.00%). The most common concomitant disease of AR was allergic conjunctivitis (73.99%). Asthma (OR=6.629), food allergy (OR=3.236), drug allergy (OR=1.786), application of antibiotics (OR=1.553), recent home decoration (OR=2.307), and smoking (OR=1.322) were the AR related risk factors. The highest proportion of SPT positive reactions was Artemisia annua (80.15%). The peak period of clinical symptoms of AR patients in Inner Mongolia region was July to September, which was consistent with the second peak period of airborne pollen monitoring. Conclusions: The prevalence of AR in central cities and the surrounding rural areas of Inner Mongolia region is 17.10%, and Artemisia species is the most important pollen allergen in this area. History of asthma, food allergy, drug allergy, antibiotic use, home decoration and smoking history are the related risk factors for AR.
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Rinitis Alérgica Estacional , Rinitis Alérgica , Adulto , Alérgenos , China/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polen , Prevalencia , Rinitis Alérgica/epidemiología , UrbanizaciónRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of Xiangshao granules for treating emotional disorders in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. METHODS: The current investigation was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial that included 300 perimenopausal and postmenopausal Chinese women aged 40-60 years. Participants received either a placebo (n = 150) or Xiangshao granules (n = 150) for 8 weeks. Outcome measures included Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) scores, which were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. The primary efficacy variables were changes in HAMD and HAMA scores after 8 weeks. RESULTS: After 8 weeks, the mean HAMD scores decreased from 15.0 to 7.9 in the Xiangshao group and from 16.3 to 10.0 in the placebo group, and the respective mean reductions in HAMA scores were from 16.0 to 8.5 and from 17.1 to 10.9. Clinical improvements in symptoms of both depression and anxiety after 8 weeks differed significantly in the two groups (p < 0.05). The cure rate was significantly higher in the Xiangshao group. There were no significant differences in the rates of adverse events in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Xiangshao granules can relieve symptoms of depression and anxiety significantly and safely.
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Síntomas Afectivos/tratamiento farmacológico , Ansiedad/tratamiento farmacológico , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Menopausia/psicología , Adulto , Síntomas Afectivos/etiología , Ansiedad/etiología , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To establish the method of isolation and characterization of dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) from human dentine. METHODS: Dentin powder was placed in dialysis tube after demineralized to completion with 0.6 mol/L HCl, then isolated DPP through DEAE-Sepharose CL6B anion exchange chromatography. Its protein composition, organic phosphorus content, molecular weight and amino acid were analyzed. RESULTS: DPP contained high organic phosphorus, 23.8% of aspartic residue and 19.1% serine residue; their molecular weight were 141, 000, 124, 000, 108, 000 respectively. CONCLUSION: DPP can be extracted from human dentine with 0.6 mol/L HCl demineralization. and DEAE-Sepharose CL6B anion exchange chromatography. It is a group of proteins which have a high content of organic phosphorus and is found to be rich in serine and aspartic acid residues.
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Dentina/química , Fosfoproteínas/aislamiento & purificación , Aminoácidos/análisis , Cromatografía por Intercambio Iónico/métodos , Humanos , Peso Molecular , Fosfoproteínas/química , Fósforo/análisisRESUMEN
Hyperglycemia is known to aggravate ischemic brain damage. The present experiments were undertaken to explore whether hyperglycemia caused by streptozotocin-induced diabetes exacerbates brain damage following transient brain ischemia as it does in animals acutely infused with glucose. Experimental diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin in rats which were subjected to 10 min of forebrain ischemia either 1 week (1-wk) or 4 weeks (4-wk) after the induction of diabetes. Normoglycemic rats exposed to the same duration of ischemia and sham-operated diabetic rats served as controls. The animals underwent evaluation of clinical outcome and histopathological analysis of brain damage. Postischemic seizures developed in 35.3 and 42.1% of 1-wk and 4-wk diabetic hyperglycemic animals, respectively. The incidence of seizure was not different between the two groups. None of the diabetic animals with plasma glucose concentrations below 12 mM exhibited seizure activity. The extent and distribution of brain damage were similar between 1-and 4-wk diabetic animals. In the CA1 and in the subicular regions of hippocampus, both diabetic hyperglycemic and normoglycemic animals showed 70-80% cell death. Diabetic hyperglycemic animals had more severe neuronal necrosis in the parietal cortex than normoglycemic animals. In diabetic hyperglycemic animals, neuronal damage involved additional brain structures, e.g., cingulate cortex, thalamus nuclei, substantia nigra, pars reticulata, and the hippocampal CA3 sector, i.e., structures in which neurons were not affected in normoglycemic ischemic subjects at this duration of ischemia. These findings demonstrate that diabetic hyperglycemic animals frequently develop postischemic seizures and that streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia results exacerbated postischemic brain damage of the same density and distribution as in acutely glucose-infused animals.
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Daño Encefálico Crónico/patología , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/fisiopatología , Hiperglucemia/fisiopatología , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio/fisiopatología , Animales , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patología , Hipocampo/patología , Hiperglucemia/patología , Masculino , Neocórtex/patología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Convulsiones/patología , Sustancia Negra/patología , Tálamo/patologíaRESUMEN
A simple and rapid HPLC method for the determination of essential fatty acids of edible oils was established. Oil samples were converted to their hydroxamic acids in a single step and analyzed without prior separation and purification. The chromatographic conditions were: Shim-pack CLC ODS, 5 microns, 150 mm x 6.0 mm i.d. column, 40 degrees C; MeOH: 0.02 mol/L NaH2PO4(pH 3.0) (81:19, V/V) as eluent and UV-213 nm detector. The linear range was 0.05-0.6 g/L, recovery was 96.93% and RSD was 1.80%(n = 4). The relative standard deviations for intra-day and inter-day assays were 1.24% and 1.62% respectively (n = 6). For 18:3, 18:2, 18:1, the difference between the derivatization yields from triglycerides and their methyl esters was almost one fold. That was confirmed by our recovery and determination results. The calibration curves for the oil samples should not be obtained from the derivatization of their methyl ester standards.
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Ácidos Grasos Esenciales/análisis , Ácidos Hidroxámicos/análisis , Aceites de Plantas/química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , HumanosRESUMEN
A human cytoplasmic signaling protein has been cloned that possesses the same structural arrangement of SH3-SH2-SH3 domains as Grb2. This protein is designated Grap for Grb2-related adaptor protein. The single 2.3-kilobase (kb) grap transcript was expressed predominantly in thymus and spleen, while the ubiquitously expressed grb2 gene produced two mRNA species of 3.8 and 1.5 kb. Grap and Grb2 consist of 217 amino acids and share 59% amino acid sequence identity, with highest homology in the N-terminal SH3 domain. The GrapSH2 domain interacts with ligand-activated receptors for stem cell factor (c-kit) and erythropoietin (EpoR). Grap also forms a stable complex with the Bcr-Abl oncoprotein via its SH2 domain in K562 cells. Furthermore, Grap is associated with a Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor mSos1, primarily through its N-terminal SH3 domain. These results show that a family of Grb2-like proteins exist and couple signals from receptor and cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases to the Ras signaling pathway.
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Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales , Proteínas Portadoras/metabolismo , Proteínas Tirosina Quinasas/metabolismo , Proteínas ras/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , ADN Complementario , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Fosfoproteínas/metabolismo , Unión Proteica , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
Three new alkaloids were isolated from the root-wood of Brucea mollis var. tonkinensis collected in China. Their structures were determined to be 11-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta- D-glucopyranosylcanthin-6-one, 5-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosylcanthin-6-o ne and 11-hydroxycanthin-6-one-N-oxide, by chemical and spectral methods. In addition, two known alkaloids, canthin-6-one and canthin-6-one-N-oxide, were isolated.
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Alcaloides/química , Carbolinas/química , Plantas Medicinales/química , Piridonas/química , Alcaloides/aislamiento & purificación , Secuencia de Carbohidratos , Carbolinas/aislamiento & purificación , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Espectrometría de Masas , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Raíces de Plantas/química , Piridonas/aislamiento & purificación , Espectrofotometría Infrarroja , Espectrofotometría UltravioletaRESUMEN
The effects of high erucic acid rapeseed oil (HER) on fatty acid oxidation in rat liver compared with low erucic acid rapeseed oil (LER) were studied. Weanling male SD rats were fed diets containing 20% HER or LER for 1 week or 4 weeks, or 5% HER diet for 4 weeks. The hepatic oxidation capacity of butyric acid or palmitic acid was determined by titrating the propanone produced by their oxidation. The results showed that feeding HER to rats led to an increase in the weight of liver and a decrease in the hepatic oxidation capacity of palmitic acid. Hepatic oxidation of butyric acid was not influenced by the intake of HER. The inhibitory action of HER on the oxidation of long-chain fatty acids probably resulted from the incorporation of erucic acid into mitochondrial membranes, interfering the fatty acyl-CoA transferring system on the membranes, but not from the beta-oxidation enzyme system in mitochondria being directly inhibited.