Bimetallic capture sites on porous La/Bi hydroxyl double salts for efficient phosphate adsorption: Multiple active centers and excellent selective properties.

The rapid development of modern agriculture aggravated water eutrophication. Therein, efficient and selective removal of phosphorus in water is the key to alleviating eutrophication. It is well known that lanthanum (La)-based material is a kind of outstanding phosphorus-locking agent. Therefore, improving the property of La-based adsorbents is a hot topic in this field. Herein, novel porous hydroxyl double salts (La/Bi-HDS) with bimetallic capture sites were prepared. The experimental result shows that La/Bi-HDS could maintain the high removal rate in the solution with a higher concentration of competing ions and the maximum P adsorption quantity of La/Bi-HDS attains 168.12 mg/g. Mechanistic studies supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculation demonstrate that introducing Bi3+ optimizes the electronic structure of La, reducing adsorption energy. In addition, the surface analysis shows that the introduction of Bi, which increases the pore size and volume of the material, improves the utilization efficiency of the active site. In a word, the introduction of Bi element as a strategy of killing two birds with one stone successfully improved the performance of La-based adsorbent. It provided a new direction for developing an efficient phosphorus-locking agent.

Water-Soluble Iridic-Porphyrin Complex for Non-invasive Sonodynamic and Sono-oxidation Therapy of Deep Tumors.

Due to conventional photodynamic therapy encountering serious problems of phototoxicity and low tissue-penetrating depth of light, other dynamic therapy-based therapeutic methods such as sonodynamic therapy (SDT) are expected to be developed. To improve the therapeutic response to SDT, more effective sonosensitizers are imperative. In this study, a novel water-soluble iridium(III)-porphyrin sonosensitizer (IrTMPPS) was synthesized and used for SDT. IrTMPPS generated ample singlet oxygen (1O2) under US irradiation and especially showed distinguished US-activatable abilities at more than 10 cm deep-tissue depths. Interestingly, under US irradiation, IrTMPPS sonocatalytically oxidized intracellular NADH, which would enhance SDT efficiency by breaking the redox balance in the tumor. Moreover, IrTMPPS displayed great sonocytotoxicity toward various cancer cells, and in vivo experiments demonstrated efficient tumor inhibition and anti-metastasis to the lungs in the presence of IrTMPPS and US irradiation. This report gives a novel idea of metal-based sonosensitizers for sonotherapy by fully taking advantage of non-invasiveness, water solubility, and deep tumor therapy.

[Effect of ligustrazine hydrochloride on coagulation reaction and inflammation reaction in single valve replacement patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the protection effect of Ligustrazine Hydrochloride (LH) on coagulation reaction and inflammation reaction in single valve replacement patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS: Totally 40 patients undergoing single valve replacement were recruited in the study and randomly assigned to the two groups, the treatment group and the control group, 20 in each group. In treatment group LH (3 mg/kg) was intravenously infused from the jugular vein. LH (3 mg/kg) was also added in the CPB priming. In the control group LH was replaced by equal amount of normal saline. Endothelial micro-particles (EMP) count was detected before CPB, 30 min after CPB, 1 h and 24 h after CPB finished. The coagulation reaction time (R), coagulation time (K), clotting formation velocity (alpha angle), maximum amplitude (MA), coagulation index (CI), platelet (PLT), hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP), IL-6, and IL-10 were detected before CPB, 1 h and 24 h after CPB finished. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in aorta arresting time, period of CPB, post-operative drainage volume, plasma transfusion volume, post-operative respirator assistant time, and hospitalization time between the two groups (P >0.05). Compared with pre-CPB in the same group, the count of EMP was much higher at 30 min after CPB and 1 h after CPB finished (P < 0.01). R and K, hs-CRP, IL-6, and IL-10 increased at 1 h and 24 h after CPB finished (P <0.01,P < 0.05). The alpha angle,.MA, CI, and PLT decreased 1 h after CPB finished (P <0.01). The a angle increased, while CI and PLT decreased 24 h after CPB finished (P <0.05). Compared with the control group in the same period, the count of EMP was lower in the treatment group 30 min after CPB and 1 h after CPB finished (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). R and K values obviously decreased in treatment group 1 hour after CPB finished (P <0. 05), while a angle, MA, CI, and PLT increased (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). hs-CRP and IL-6 decreased in the treatment group 1 h and 24 h after CPB finished (P <0.05), while IL-10 increased (P <0.05). The count of PLT increased 24 h after CPB finished in the treatment group (P <0. 05). CONCLUSION: LH had certain protection effect on the vascular endothelium undergoing CPB, and lower excessive activation of coagulation reaction and inflammation reaction in patients undergoing CPB.

[Effects of washed autologous blood transfusion on erythrocytic fragility in salvaged blood from diabetics].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of washed autologous blood transfusion on the recovery and hemolysis of erythrocytes from diabetic patients subjected to off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OP-CABG). METHODS: A total of Sixty patients were included in this study. The patients were assigned as two groups:control (C, n = 30) , and diabetic group (D, n = 30). Samples were taken from preoperation, prior to and after disposal of centrifuging and washing to determine the recovery and fragility of erythrocytes. Free hemoglobin and extracellular potassium were measured at 0, 4, 6, 12, 24 h after washing. RESULTS: The erythrocytic recovery did not have significant difference between two groups (C group 82.6% ± 5.6%,D group 80.9% ± 6.2%, P > 0.05) .Under the same processing, the erythrocyte fragility in the diabetic group were significantly higher than the control group in preoperation and before washing (Preoperation 0.36%: D group 84.9% ± 6.7% C group 78.7% ± 4.6%, P = 0.003; Preoperation 0.68%: D group 9.0% ± 4.5% C group 1.9% ± 0.8%, P = 0.000; Before washing 0.36%: D group 80.6% ± 4.9% C group 78.0% ± 5.8%, P = 0.000; Before washing 0.68%: D group 11.0% ± 3.4% C group 2.4% ± 0.9%, P = 0.000). However, after washing there were no significant differences of erythrocyte fragility between groups. Free hemoglobin and blood potassium at 4, 6, 12, 24 h after washing were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in a time-dependent manner in the two groups. But there was no obvious difference in the interior-group at the same time point. CONCLUSIONS: Autotransfusion has no significant extra damage on erythrocytes from diabetic patients undergoing OP-CABG, and the salvaged blood should be transfused as soon as possible to reduce hemolysis.