RESUMEN
Cheddar-type cheese was fortified with the antioxidant Inula britannica flower extract (IBE). Cheddar-type cheeses manufactured with varying concentrations of IBE (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1% wt/vol) were analyzed during storage at 4°C, 0, 1, 2, and 3 wk after production. Higher IBE concentrations resulted in higher protein and ash contents, with a concomitant decrease in pH, total solid, and fat content relative to the unfortified control cheese. The total phenolic content also increased with IBE concentration, but decreased over longer storage periods. The antioxidant activities of the cheeses, determined as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging activity and ferric thiocyanate assay results, increased proportionally to the total phenolic content. The highest antioxidant effect was observed in the 1% IBE-fortified cheese, showing 79 and 86% antioxidant effects in the DPPH and ferric thiocyanate assays, respectively. At the 1-wk time point, the 5 cheese preparations underwent sensory evaluation for odor, taste, texture, color, and overall quality, determined using a descriptive analysis by a trained panel (n=20). The addition of IBE resulted in some increases in extract odor and taste. Overall, IBE showed good potential as an antioxidant supplement for dairy products.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/análisis , Queso/análisis , Inula/química , Queso/normas , Suplementos Dietéticos/análisis , Flores/química , Alimentos Fortificados/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/química , GustoRESUMEN
In previous studies, the ethanol extract of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) showed potent anti-inflammatory action. In the present study, following fractionation of the methanol extract of cactus stems guided by adjuvant-induced chronic inflammation model in mice, an active anti-inflammatory principle has been isolated and identified as beta-sitosterol.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/farmacología , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Granuloma/prevención & control , Plantas Medicinales , Sitoesteroles/farmacología , Animales , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos ICRRESUMEN
The methanolic extract of Opuntia ficus-indica stems and its hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions were evaluated for their wound healing activity in rats. The extract and less polar fractions showed significant effects.
Asunto(s)
Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Femenino , Tallos de la Planta , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Resistencia a la TracciónRESUMEN
The genomic DNA encoding thioltransferase was isolated from Schizosaccharomyces pombe using the polymerase chain reaction. The amplified DNA fragment was confirmed by Southern hybridization, completely digested with HindIII and BamHI, and then ligated into the yeast-Escherichia coli shuttle vector pRS316, which resulted in plasmid pEH1. The insert of plasmid pEH1 was transferred into the multi-copy vector YEp357 to generate plasmid pYEH1. The determined nucleotide sequence harbors an open reading frame consisting of four exons and three introns, which encodes a polypeptide of 101 amino acids with a molecular mass of 11261 Da. Thioltransferase activity was increased 1.6-fold in Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing plasmid pYEH1, and 1.8- and 2.7-fold in S. pombe containing plasmid pEH1 and pYEH1, respectively. The upstream sequence and the region encoding the N-terminal six amino acids were fused into promoterless beta-galactosidase gene of the shuttle vector YEp357R to generate the fusion plasmid pYEHR1. Synthesis of beta-galactosidase from the fusion plasmid was found to be enhanced by zinc and NO-generating S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine.
Asunto(s)
Oxidorreductasas/genética , Penicilamina/análogos & derivados , Proteína Disulfuro Reductasa (Glutatión) , Schizosaccharomyces/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Secuencia de Bases , Sitios de Unión , Cloruros/farmacología , ADN Complementario/aislamiento & purificación , Galactosidasas/biosíntesis , Regulación Enzimológica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Glutarredoxinas , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Oxidorreductasas/biosíntesis , Penicilamina/farmacología , Plásmidos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo , Schizosaccharomyces/enzimología , Alineación de Secuencia , Compuestos de Zinc/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The authors attempted a possibility of unification in the educational curricula of both Oriental and Western medical schools for the unification of two medicines. Historically the two medicines were originated from the most primitive state like instinctive method and we can say two medicines were entirely the same. However, after abrupt and current development of science in the 19th century by discovery of microscope and bacteria as well as cells, changed medicine into recent unbelievable current medicine from old ancient style medicine like Chinese Medicine which was just the remnant old medicine. The unification of educational curricula is thought to be possible to combine each other by technical adjustment from mutual understanding and cooperation for the most high quality of peoples lives. There were good equality to partial correspondences between two educational curricula around 90% at two pre-and schools from the study to analyse. The combined medicine is thought to be more efficient to the diagnosis and treatment of patients because of the effectiveness of Oriental medicine in certain disease conditions like chronic illness by acupuncture as a alternative medicine or herbs.
Asunto(s)
Curriculum , Educación Médica/historia , Medicina Tradicional de Asia Oriental/historia , Mundo Occidental/historia , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XX , Corea (Geográfico)RESUMEN
The effects of ethanolic extract (EEP) of propolis on chronic inflammation were evaluated using rat adjuvant arthritis. In the chronic inflammatory animal model, the arthritis index was suppressed by EEP treatments (50 mg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.). Moreover, physical weakness, induced by the chronic disease state, was dose-dependently improved in the EEP-treated groups. Its analgesic effect, assessed using the tail-flick test, was comparable to prednisolone (2.5 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and acetyl salicylic acid (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.). In carrageenan rat hind paw edema, which was conducted to test the effects of subfractions of EEP, the petroleum ether sub-fraction (100 mg/kg, p.o.) showed an inhibitory effect on the paw edema whereas EEP (200 mg/kg, p.o.) showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect at 3 and 4 hrs after carrageenan injection. From these results, we conclude that the ethanolic extract of propolis had a profound anti-inflammatory effects on both chronic and acute inflammations.
Asunto(s)
Artritis Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Própolis/uso terapéutico , Animales , Carragenina/toxicidad , Edema/tratamiento farmacológico , Etanol/química , Femenino , Dimensión del Dolor/métodos , Resistencia Física/efectos de los fármacos , Própolis/química , Ratas , Solubilidad , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The ethanol extracts of Opuntia ficus-indica fructus (EEOF) and Opuntia ficus-indica stem (EEOS) were prepared and used to evaluate the pharmacological effects of cactus. Both the extracts inhibited the writhing syndrome induced by acetic acid, indicating that they contains analgesic effect. The oral administrations of EEOF and EEOS suppressed carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and also showed potent inhibition in the leukocyte migration of CMC-pouch model in rats. Moreover, the extracts suppressed the release of beta-glucuronidase, a lysosomal enzyme in rat neutrophils. It was also noted that the extracts showed the protective effect on gastric mucosal layers. From the results it is suggested that the cactus extracts contain anti-inflammatory action having protective effect against gastric lesions.