RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Following the recent elucidation of its pathogenic mechanisms involving reactive oxygen species, use of vitamins, folic acid and antioxidants as adjuvant therapy has been suggested. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term outcome of childhood facial vitiligo who were treated with nutritional education, vitamin E (α-tocopherol 100-400 IU/day), folic acid (1-2 mg/day) and multivitamin intake and antioxidant cosmetics as the mainstay of treatment as well as the conventional therapies including oral, topical and/or intralesional corticosteroid, topical macrolactam, Excimer laser and epidermal graft. METHODS: Medical data and photographs of 111 paediatric facial vitiligo patients who had been followed up for longer than 1 year from March 1, 2003 to June 30, 2013 were extracted from data warehouse of electric medical records. Photographic evaluation and final visual outcome assessment was performed. RESULT: By investigator's assessment, 9% of patients demonstrated no improvement regardless of treatment modality, whereas 91% showed improvement of lesions. Among the latter, 33.3% resulted in >75% improvement; 18% in 50%-75% improvement; 26.1% in 25%-50% improvement; and 13.5% in <25% improvement. In the final visual outcome assessment, 'Looking excellent' was seen in 42.3%; 'looking very good' in 30.6%; 'looking good' in 17.1%; 'looking fair' in 9.0%; and 'looking bad' in 0.9%. CONCLUSION: Although childhood facial vitiligo is quite refractory to treatment, the long-term outcome of this condition is not dismal with conventional vitiligo therapy along with basic nutritional therapeutic regimen.
Asunto(s)
Dermatosis Facial/terapia , Vitíligo/terapia , Adolescente , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Niño , Preescolar , Terapia Combinada , Dieta , Suplementos Dietéticos , Femenino , Ácido Fólico/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Lactante , Lactamas Macrocíclicas/uso terapéutico , Láseres de Excímeros/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Necesidades Nutricionales , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Trasplante de Piel , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vitamina E/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
We have studied the low-energy spin-excitation spectrum of the single-crystalline Rb(2)Fe(4)Se(5) superconductor (T(c)=32 K) by means of inelastic neutron scattering. In the superconducting state, we observe a magnetic resonant mode centered at an energy of âω(res)=14 meV and at the (0.5 0.25 0.5) wave vector (unfolded Fe-sublattice notation), which differs from the ones characterizing magnetic resonant modes in other iron-based superconductors. Our finding suggests that the 245-iron selenides are unconventional superconductors with a sign-changing order parameter, in which bulk superconductivity coexists with the â5×â5 magnetic superstructure. The estimated ratios of âω(res)/k(B)T(c)≈5.1±0.4 and âω(res)/2Δ≈0.7±0.1, where Δ is the superconducting gap, indicate moderate pairing strength in this compound, similar to that in optimally doped 1111 and 122 pnictides.
Asunto(s)
Pared Celular/análisis , Mutación , Staphylococcus/ultraestructura , Ácidos Teicoicos/análisis , Adsorción , Alanina/análisis , Amino Azúcares/análisis , Antígenos Bacterianos/análisis , Pared Celular/inmunología , Fenómenos Químicos , Química , Fucosa/análisis , Glucosamina/análisis , Hexosiltransferasas/biosíntesis , Fósforo/análisis , Staphylococcus/análisis , Staphylococcus/enzimología , Staphylococcus/inmunología , Staphylococcus/metabolismo , Fagos de Staphylococcus , Estereoisomerismo , Ácidos Teicoicos/biosíntesis , Ácidos Urónicos/análisisRESUMEN
A mutant of Staphylococcus aureus H was isolated by virtue of its inability to agglutinate with antibodies against teichoic acid of S. aureus. Immunological studies revealed that the mutant, S. aureus T, possessed a new surface antigen in addition to having the antigenic determinant of the wild-type strain, the ribitol teichoic acid. The presence of this additional surface component rendered strain T resistant to staphylococcal typing phages, presumably by masking the phage-receptor sites. The polymer was separated from teichoic acid by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose and was shown to be composed of two amino sugars, N-acetyl-d-fucosamine and N-acetyl-d-mannosamin uronic acid.