Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 26
Filtrar
1.
Food Chem Toxicol ; 186: 114560, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38432440

RESUMEN

Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is a dietary supplement that has been used to treat a wide range of diseases, including obesity and diabetes, and have lipid-lowering effects, making it a potential candidate for mitigating dyslipidemia resulting from exposures to the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) family member perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). ALA can be considered a non-fluorinated structural analog to PFOS due to their similar 8-carbon chain and amphipathic structure, but, unlike PFOS, is rapidly metabolized. PFOS has been shown to reduce pancreatic islet area and induce ß-cell lipotoxicity, indicating that changes in ß-cell lipid microenvironment is a mechanism contributing to hypomorphic islets. Due to structural similarities, we hypothesized that ALA may compete with PFOS for binding to proteins and distribution throughout the body to mitigate the effects of PFOS exposure. However, ALA alone reduced islet area and fish length, with several morphological endpoints indicating additive toxicity in the co-exposures. Individually, ALA and PFOS increased fatty acid uptake from the yolk. ALA alone increased liver lipid accumulation, altered fatty acid profiling and modulated PPARÉ£ pathway signaling. Together, this work demonstrates that ALA and PFOS have similar effects on lipid uptake and metabolism during embryonic development in zebrafish.


Asunto(s)
Ácidos Alcanesulfónicos , Fluorocarburos , Ácido Tióctico , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Animales , Pez Cebra , Ácido Tióctico/farmacología , Ácidos Alcanesulfónicos/toxicidad , Fluorocarburos/toxicidad , Ácidos Grasos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/toxicidad
2.
Nutrients ; 13(6)2021 May 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34072678

RESUMEN

The incidence of metabolic and chronic diseases including cancer, obesity, inflammation-related diseases sharply increased in the 21st century. Major underlying causes for these diseases are inflammation and oxidative stress. Accordingly, natural products and their bioactive components are obvious therapeutic agents for these diseases, given their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Research in this area has been significantly expanded to include chemical identification of these compounds using advanced analytical techniques, determining their mechanism of action, food fortification and supplement development, and enhancing their bioavailability and bioactivity using nanotechnology. These timely topics were discussed at the 20th Frontier Scientists Workshop sponsored by the Korean Academy of Science and Technology, held at the University of Hawaii at Manoa on 23 November 2019. Scientists from South Korea and the U.S. shared their recent research under the overarching theme of Bioactive Compounds, Nanoparticles, and Disease Prevention. This review summarizes presentations at the workshop to provide current knowledge of the role of natural products in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.


Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios , Antioxidantes , Productos Biológicos , Enfermedades Metabólicas , Animales , Suplementos Dietéticos , Humanos , Enfermedades Metabólicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Metabólicas/metabolismo , Ratones , Nanopartículas , Obesidad/tratamiento farmacológico , Obesidad/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas
3.
Food Res Int ; 120: 157-166, 2019 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31000226

RESUMEN

The genome of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans shares many similarities with that of humans and so it is widely used as a model in pharmaceutical and nutritional studies. C. elegans has a small mouth and therefore very fine lipid particles are required to orally deliver hydrophobic nutraceuticals. In this study, a nanoemulsion-based delivery system was developed to deliver curcumin to C. elegans. Nanoemulsion were fabricated with different mean particle diameters (d32 = 150 nm and 300 nm), lipid types (Medium chain triglyceride, corn, and fish oil), and emulsifier types (Tween 80 and whey protein). The auto-fluorescence intensity of curcumin was used as an indicator of curcumin accumulation in C. elegans. The structure and composition of nanoemulsions had a significant influence on curcumin bioaccumulation in C. elegans. Curcumin bioaccumulation increased with increasing droplet size, was found to be higher in nanoemulsion containing corn oil compared with those containing fish oil or MCT, and was higher for droplets coated by whey protein than by Tween 80. The nematodes treated with curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions showed significantly reduced fat accumulation compared to the control group. This study could provide useful information to widen the application of C. elegans in research involving lipophilic compounds.


Asunto(s)
Bioacumulación , Curcumina/administración & dosificación , Portadores de Fármacos , Emulsiones , Metabolismo de los Lípidos/efectos de los fármacos , Tamaño de la Partícula , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Tejido Adiposo , Animales , Disponibilidad Biológica , Caenorhabditis elegans , Aceite de Maíz/metabolismo , Curcumina/metabolismo , Curcumina/farmacología , Suplementos Dietéticos , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Emulsionantes , Aceites de Pescado/metabolismo , Modelos Animales , Nanopartículas , Extractos Vegetales/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Triglicéridos/metabolismo , Proteína de Suero de Leche
4.
J Med Food ; 22(7): 645-652, 2019 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30897018

RESUMEN

Chicoric acid, a hydroxycinnamic acid, has been reported to possess a variety of health benefits, including antivirus, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, obesity prevention, and neuroprotection effects. The purpose of this article is to summarize current knowledge of pharmacological and biological effects of chicoric acid. Since most studies to date on chicoric acid have limited their focus to cell cultures and animals, more human and mechanistic studies are therefore needed to further determine the beneficial effects of chicoric acid as a potential functional food ingredient.


Asunto(s)
Ácidos Cafeicos/análisis , Ácidos Cafeicos/metabolismo , Ingredientes Alimentarios/análisis , Alimentos Funcionales/análisis , Succinatos/análisis , Succinatos/metabolismo , Animales , Antioxidantes/análisis , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Dietoterapia , Humanos
5.
Lipids ; 53(8): 825-834, 2018 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30334268

RESUMEN

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported to be a bioactive food component. However, there is limited knowledge on the sex-dependent effects of CLA on energy metabolism. In the present study, Drosophila melanogaster was used to investigate the sex-dependent effects of CLA with respect to body fat, muscle, locomotion, and a key metabolic regulator, AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα). Adult flies were fed a cornmeal-based fly food with 0.5% of CLA oil (50:50 of cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 CLA isomers in triacylglycerol (TAG) form), 0.5% safflower oil (high in linoleic acid [LNA] as control), or 0.5% water (as blank) for 5 days. Accumulation of CLA in tissue was verified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. CLA-fed flies had reduced TAG and increased locomotor activity when compared to LNA-fed control flies. In addition, CLA increased the muscle content when compared to the blank. Moreover, following CLA supplementation, increased AMPKα activity was observed in females, but not in males. These sex-dependent metabolic effects of CLA may be due to physiological differences in lipid metabolism and nutrient requirements. In conclusion, CLA promoted the body composition and locomotion behavior in D. melanogaster and regulated the sex-specific metabolism in part via AMPKα. As key physiological processes are conserved between fly and human, information obtained from this research could provide valuable insights into sex-dependent responses to CLA in humans.


Asunto(s)
Composición Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Drosophila melanogaster/efectos de los fármacos , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/farmacología , Locomoción/efectos de los fármacos , Caracteres Sexuales , Animales , Drosophila melanogaster/química , Drosophila melanogaster/fisiología , Femenino , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/metabolismo , Masculino
6.
Lipids ; 53(3): 271-278, 2018 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29663395

RESUMEN

Mitochondria intricately modulate their energy production through the control of mitochondrial adaptation (mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, and/or fission) to meet energy demands. Nutrient overload may result in dysregulated mitochondrial biogenesis, morphology toward mitochondrial fragmentation, and oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle. In addition, physical activity and diet components influence mitochondrial function. Exercise may stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and promote mitochondrial fusion/fission in the skeletal muscle. Moreover, some dietary fatty acids, such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid, have been identified to positively regulate mitochondrial adaptation in the skeletal muscle. This review discusses the association of mitochondrial impairments and obesity, and presents an overview of various mechanisms of which exercise training and mitochondrial nutrients promote mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle.


Asunto(s)
Adaptación Fisiológica , Grasas de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/administración & dosificación , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/administración & dosificación , Mitocondrias Musculares/efectos de los fármacos , Obesidad/dietoterapia , Animales , Grasas de la Dieta/metabolismo , Metabolismo Energético/efectos de los fármacos , Metabolismo Energético/genética , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/metabolismo , Mitocondrias Musculares/metabolismo , Proteínas Mitocondriales/genética , Proteínas Mitocondriales/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/efectos de los fármacos , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Obesidad/genética , Obesidad/metabolismo , Obesidad/patología , Biogénesis de Organelos , Estrés Oxidativo
7.
J Nutr Biochem ; 48: 29-35, 2017 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28672272

RESUMEN

Many studies have shown that dietary intake of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduces the risks of colorectal cancer; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here we used a LC-MS/MS-based lipidomics to explore the role of eicosanoid signaling in the anti-colorectal cancer effects of ω-3 PUFAs. Our results showed that dietary feeding of ω-3 PUFAs-rich diets suppressed growth of MC38 colorectal tumor, and modulated profiles of fatty acids and eicosanoid metabolites in C57BL/6 mice. Notably, we found that dietary feeding of ω-3 PUFAs significantly increased levels of epoxydocosapentaenoic acids (EDPs, metabolites of ω-3 PUFA produced by cytochrome P450 enzymes) in plasma and tumor tissue of the treated mice. We further showed that systematic treatment with EDPs (dose=0.5 mg/kg per day) suppressed MC38 tumor growth in mice, with reduced expressions of pro-oncogenic genes such as C-myc, Axin2, and C-jun in tumor tissues. Together, these results support that formation of EDPs might contribute to the anti-colorectal cancer effects of ω-3 PUFAs.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Colorrectales/dietoterapia , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/metabolismo , Eicosanoides/metabolismo , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/farmacología , Ácidos Grasos Insaturados/farmacología , Animales , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Eicosanoides/sangre , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto
8.
J Med Food ; 20(9): 887-894, 2017 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28514198

RESUMEN

Excess fat accumulation and abnormal metabolism are involved in numerous diseases and thus the research on identification of compounds that can regulate energy homeostasis could significantly facilitate the current effort to prevent and/or treat metabolic disorders. Piceatannol, one of the natural stilbenes, was previously found to decrease lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. However, its role in fat metabolism in vivo is not known. Thus, Caenorhabditis elegans as an animal model was used in the current study to determine the effect of piceatannol on fat accumulation and its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that 50 and 100 µM piceatannol significantly reduced fat accumulation of wild-type worms grown in normal and high-glucose conditions without altering the growth rate, worm length, pumping rate, or moving speed. The current study further indicated that piceatannol decreased the expression of sbp-1 (encodes an ortholog of mammalian sterol regulatory element-binding protein) and its target gene fasn-1 (encodes an ortholog of fatty acid synthase) as well as increased the expression of hosl-1 (encodes an ortholog of hormone-sensitive lipase) in glucose-treated worms. These data suggested that piceatannol reduced fat accumulation in C. elegans by suppression of genes involved in lipid synthesis and possibly through stimulation of lipolysis. Given that piceatannol exerts similar effects in both C. elegans and 3T3-L1 cells, our finding could provide a mechanistic insight into the role of piceatannol in lipid metabolism in mammals.


Asunto(s)
Adipocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Caenorhabditis elegans/efectos de los fármacos , Grasas/metabolismo , Estilbenos/farmacología , Células 3T3-L1 , Adipocitos/metabolismo , Animales , Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Glucosa/metabolismo , Ratones , Modelos Animales
9.
J Med Food ; 20(7): 646-652, 2017 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28459610

RESUMEN

3,3'-diindolylmethane is a major in vivo metabolite of indole-3-carbinol, a bioactive compound found in cruciferous vegetables. Although 3,3'-diindolylmethane has been implicated to possess antitumorigenic and anti-inflammatory properties, the effect of 3,3'-diindolylmethane on adipogenesis has not been explored previously. Thus, the present study was conducted to determine if 3,3'-diindolylmethane affects adipogenesis using 3T3-L1 adipocytes and Caenorhabditis elegans. Treatment of 3,3'-diindolylmethane significantly reduced fat accumulation without affecting viability in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 3,3'-diindolylmethane suppressed expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), and perilipin. In addition, 3,3'-diindolylmethane activated AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα), which subsequently inactivated acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), resulting in reduced fat accumulation. These observations were further confirmed in C. elegans as treatment with 3,3'-diindolylmethane significantly reduced body fat accumulation, which was partly associated with aak-1, but not aak-2, orthologs of AMPKα catalytic subunits α1 and α2, respectively. The current results demonstrate that 3,3'-diindolylmethane, a biologically active metabolite of indole-3-carbinol, may prevent adipogenesis through the AMPKα-dependent pathway.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP/metabolismo , Adipocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Adipogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Indoles/farmacología , Células 3T3 , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP/genética , Adipocitos/citología , Adipocitos/enzimología , Adipocitos/metabolismo , Animales , Proteína alfa Potenciadora de Unión a CCAAT/genética , Proteína alfa Potenciadora de Unión a CCAAT/metabolismo , Caenorhabditis elegans/efectos de los fármacos , Caenorhabditis elegans/enzimología , Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas de Unión a Ácidos Grasos/genética , Proteínas de Unión a Ácidos Grasos/metabolismo , Ratones , PPAR gamma/genética , PPAR gamma/metabolismo , Triglicéridos/metabolismo
10.
J Nutr Biochem ; 38: 125-133, 2016 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27736732

RESUMEN

Previously, it was reported that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) with exercise training potentially improved endurance capacity via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ)-mediated mechanism in mice. This study determined the role of exercise and/or CLA in endurance capacity and PPARδ-associated regulators. Male 129Sv/J mice were fed either control (soybean oil) or CLA (0.5%) containing diets for 4 weeks and were further divided into sedentary or training regimes. CLA supplementation significantly reduced body weight and fat mass independent of exercise during the experimental period. Endurance capacity was significantly improved by CLA supplementation, while no effect of exercise was observed. Similarly, CLA treatment significantly increased expressions of sirtuin 1 and PPARγ coactivator-1α, up-stream regulators of PPARδ, in both sedentary and trained animals. With respect to downstream markers of PPARδ, CLA up-regulated the key biomarker needed to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis, nuclear respiratory factor 1. Moreover, CLA supplementation significantly induced overall genes associated with muscle fibers, such as type I (slow-twitch) and type II (fast twitch). Taken together, it suggests that CLA improves endurance capacity independent of mild-intensity exercise via PPARδ-mediated mechanism.


Asunto(s)
Suplementos Dietéticos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/administración & dosificación , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , PPAR gamma/agonistas , Sustancias para Mejorar el Rendimiento/administración & dosificación , Resistencia Física , Adiposidad , Animales , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Suplementos Dietéticos/efectos adversos , Ingestión de Energía , Metabolismo Energético , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/efectos adversos , Masculino , Ratones de la Cepa 129 , Mitocondrias Musculares/metabolismo , Dinámicas Mitocondriales , Factor Nuclear 1 de Respiración/agonistas , Factor Nuclear 1 de Respiración/genética , Factor Nuclear 1 de Respiración/metabolismo , Biogénesis de Organelos , PPAR gamma/genética , PPAR gamma/metabolismo , Sustancias para Mejorar el Rendimiento/efectos adversos , Coactivador 1-alfa del Receptor Activado por Proliferadores de Peroxisomas gamma/agonistas , Coactivador 1-alfa del Receptor Activado por Proliferadores de Peroxisomas gamma/genética , Coactivador 1-alfa del Receptor Activado por Proliferadores de Peroxisomas gamma/metabolismo , Distribución Aleatoria , Sirtuina 1/química , Sirtuina 1/genética , Sirtuina 1/metabolismo , Aumento de Peso
11.
J Med Food ; 19(4): 427-33, 2016 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26991055

RESUMEN

Cranberry phenolic compounds have been linked to many health benefits. A recent report suggested that cranberry bioactives inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Thus, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of the cranberry product (CP) on lipid metabolism using the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model. CP (0.016% and 0.08%) dose-dependently reduced overall fat accumulation in C. elegans (N2, wild type) by 43% and 74%, respectively, without affecting its pumping rates or locomotive activities. CP decreased fat accumulation in aak-2 (an ortholog of AMP-activated kinase α) and tub-1 (an ortholog of TUBBY) mutants significantly, but only minimal effects were observed in sbp-1 (an ortholog of sterol response element-binding protein-1) and nhr-49 (an ortholog of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α) mutant strains. We further confirmed that CP downregulated sbp-1, cebp, and hosl-1 (an ortholog of hormone-sensitive lipase homolog) expression, while increasing the expression of nhr-49 in wild-type C. elegans. These results suggest that CP could effectively reduce fat accumulation in C. elegans dependent on sbp-1, cebp, and nhr-49, but not aak-2 and tub-1.


Asunto(s)
Caenorhabditis elegans/efectos de los fármacos , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Grasas/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Vaccinium macrocarpon/química , Animales , Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Metabolismo Energético/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Masculino
12.
J Agric Food Chem ; 63(21): 5212-23, 2015 Jun 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25976059

RESUMEN

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported to prevent body weight gain and fat accumulation in part by improving physical activity in mice. However, the effects of postweaning administration of CLA on the development of obesity later in life have not yet been demonstrated. The current study investigated the role of postweaning CLA treatment on skeletal muscle energy metabolism in genetically induced inactive adult-onset obese model, nescient basic helix-loop-helix 2 knockout (N2KO) mice. Four-week-old male N2KO and wild type mice were fed either control or a CLA-containing diet (0.5%) for 4 weeks, and then CLA was withdrawn and control diet provided to all mice for the following 8 weeks. Postweaning CLA supplementation in wild type animals, but not N2KO mice, may activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPARδ) as well as promote desensitization of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) and sensitization of protein kinase B (AKT) at threonine 308 in gastrocnemius skeletal muscle, improving voluntary activity and glucose homeostasis. We suggest that postweaning administration of CLA may in part stimulate the underlying molecular targets involved in muscle energy metabolism to reduce weight gain in normal animals, but not in the genetically induced inactive adult-onset animal model.


Asunto(s)
Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico/genética , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/administración & dosificación , Obesidad/tratamiento farmacológico , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP/genética , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP/metabolismo , Animales , Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico/deficiencia , Suplementos Dietéticos/análisis , Metabolismo Energético , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Noqueados , Músculo Esquelético/crecimiento & desarrollo , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Obesidad/genética , Obesidad/metabolismo , Fosfohidrolasa PTEN/genética , Fosfohidrolasa PTEN/metabolismo , Receptores Activados del Proliferador del Peroxisoma/genética , Receptores Activados del Proliferador del Peroxisoma/metabolismo
13.
Food Chem ; 167: 438-46, 2015 Jan 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25149009

RESUMEN

With the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its associated risk for development of colorectal cancer, it is of great importance to prevent and treat IBD. However, due to the complexity of etiology and potentially serious adverse effects, treatment options for IBD are relatively limited. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify a safe food-based approach for the prevention and treatment of IBD. In this study, we tested the effects of cranberry products on preventing dextran sulphate sodium-induced murine colitis. Our results suggest that both cranberry extract and dried cranberries-fed groups had a significantly reduced disease activity index, where dried cranberries were more effective in preventing colitis than cranberry extract. Shortening of colon length, colonic myeloperoxidase activity and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines were attenuated in animals fed dried cranberries compared to the controls. The current report suggests that cranberries can be applied to prevent and reduce the symptoms of IBD.


Asunto(s)
Colitis/inducido químicamente , Sulfato de Dextran/química , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Vaccinium macrocarpon/química , Animales , Masculino , Ratones
14.
World J Gastroenterol ; 20(42): 15703-14, 2014 Nov 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25400454

RESUMEN

AIM: To evaluate protective effects of Chunggan extract (CGX), a traditional herbal formula, under 4 wk of alcohol consumption-induced liver injury. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley Rats were orally administered 30% ethanol daily for 4 wk with or without CGX. The pharmaceutical properties were assessed through liver enzymes, histopathology, fibrogenic cytokines, and alcohol metabolism in hepatic tissues as well as by in vitro experiment using HSC-T6 cells. RESULTS: Four weeks of alcohol consumption notably increased liver enzymes and malondialdehyde levels in serum and hepatic tissue. CGX not only prevented the collagen deposition determined by histopathology and hydroxyproline content, but also normalized transforming growth factor-beta, platelet-derived growth factor-beta and connective tissue growth factor at the gene expression and protein levels in liver tissue. Moreover, CGX treatment also significantly normalized the abnormal changes in gene expression profiles of extracellular matrix proteins, matrix metalloproteinase and their inhibitors, alcohol metabolism, and inflammatory reactions. In the acetaldehyde-stimulated HSC-T6 cells, CGX considerably inhibited collagen production and normalized fibrogenic cytokines in both gene expression and protein levels. CONCLUSION: The present study evidenced that CGX has hepatoprotective properties via modulation of fibrogenic cytokines and alcohol metabolism in alcoholic liver injury.


Asunto(s)
Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Hepatocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Hepatopatías Alcohólicas/prevención & control , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacología , Animales , Línea Celular , Colágeno/metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento del Tejido Conjuntivo/genética , Factor de Crecimiento del Tejido Conjuntivo/metabolismo , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Hepatocitos/metabolismo , Hepatocitos/patología , Hidroxiprolina/metabolismo , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/patología , Hepatopatías Alcohólicas/sangre , Hepatopatías Alcohólicas/genética , Hepatopatías Alcohólicas/patología , Masculino , Malondialdehído/sangre , Fitoterapia , Plantas Medicinales , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-sis/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-sis/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Factores de Tiempo , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/genética , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismo
15.
Food Chem ; 140(1-2): 280-8, 2013 Sep 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23578644

RESUMEN

Osteoporosis is a significant health concern for the elderly; conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to improve overall bone mass when calcium is included as a co-supplement. However, potential effects of CLA and calcium on bone mass during a period of bone loss have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine how dietary calcium modulates the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in preventing bone loss, using an ovariectomised mouse model. CLA supplementation significantly prevented ovariectomy-associated weight and fat mass gain, compared to non-supplemented controls. CLA significantly increased bone markers without major changes in bone mineral composition in the femur compared to respective controls. CLA treatment increased serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) significantly (p=0.0172), while serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 concentration was not changed by CLA. Meanwhile, CLA significantly reduced femur tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, suggesting potential reduction of osteoclastogenesis. The data suggest that CLA, along with dietary calcium, has great potential to be used to prevent bone loss and weight gain associated with menopause.


Asunto(s)
Huesos/efectos de los fármacos , Calcio de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/administración & dosificación , Osteoporosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Densidad Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Huesos/fisiopatología , Suplementos Dietéticos/análisis , Femenino , Humanos , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Osteoporosis/prevención & control , Ovariectomía
16.
J Nutr Biochem ; 24(3): 556-66, 2013 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22819563

RESUMEN

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been extensively studied during the last two decades with regard to its effects on controlling body composition. As a cognate to CLA, conjugated nonadecadienoic acid (CNA) has been previously reported to reduce body fat more effectively than CLA. However, it is not known whether CNA supplementation can influence adult-onset obesity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary CNA on the prevention of adult-onset inactivity-induced obesity using nescient basic helix-loop-helix 2 knockout (N2KO) mice. CNA supplementation at 0.1 w/w% level starting in the preobese state significantly prevented the reduction of voluntary movement and the increase in weight gain in N2KO mice during the experimental period compared to wild-type animals. In both wild-type and N2KO mice, respiratory exchange ratio was significantly reduced by CNA treatment during light and dark cycles, and dietary CNA significantly increased energy expenditure in N2KO mice. Selected gene expression profiles in white adipose tissue, muscle or liver showed a beneficial action of CNA on lipid metabolism and energy expenditure. These findings suggest that CNA could prevent adult-onset obesity by enhancing voluntary activity and energy expenditure in N2KO mice.


Asunto(s)
Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico/genética , Suplementos Dietéticos , Ácidos Grasos Insaturados/administración & dosificación , Obesidad/prevención & control , Tejido Adiposo/efectos de los fármacos , Tejido Adiposo Blanco/efectos de los fármacos , Tejido Adiposo Blanco/metabolismo , Animales , Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico/metabolismo , Composición Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Dieta Alta en Grasa , Metabolismo Energético , Femenino , Prueba de Tolerancia a la Glucosa , Leptina/sangre , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Noqueados , Actividad Motora , Músculo Esquelético/efectos de los fármacos , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Triglicéridos/sangre , Aumento de Peso/efectos de los fármacos
17.
Food Funct ; 3(12): 1280-5, 2012 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22944770

RESUMEN

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) exposure during the developmental period increases voluntary activity, which would influence obesity outcome later in life. The effects of dietary supplementation of 0.5% CLA in a high fat diet were evaluated in nescient basic helix-loop-helix 2 (Nhlh2) knock-out (N2KO) mice, which is a unique animal model representing inactivity-induced obesity in a pre-obese condition. Male wild type and N2KO mice were fed either control or CLA (0.5%) diet for 8 weeks. As expected, control diet fed N2KO animals showed greater body weight with decreased physical activity in the late stage of the experimental period compared with wild type control. Dietary CLA significantly decreased body weight and adipose depots in both wild type and N2KO mice, and the body weights of both genotypes fed CLA were similar during the experimental period. CLA exposure during the developmental period significantly improved the impairment of physical activity in N2KO mice, but the wild type did not show any effect of CLA. In both genotypes, CLA significantly reduced serum triglycerides levels and down-regulated the mRNA expressions of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and leptin in white adipose tissue. These findings suggest that early CLA exposure could prevent obesity with improved voluntary physical activity in N2KO mice.


Asunto(s)
Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico/deficiencia , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/administración & dosificación , Obesidad/prevención & control , Esfuerzo Físico/efectos de los fármacos , Adiposidad , Animales , Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico/fisiología , Proteína alfa Potenciadora de Unión a CCAAT/genética , Regulación hacia Abajo/efectos de los fármacos , Leptina/genética , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Noqueados , Obesidad/etiología , ARN Mensajero/análisis , Triglicéridos/sangre , Aumento de Peso/efectos de los fármacos
18.
Lipids ; 47(9): 855-63, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22782371

RESUMEN

The supplementation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to improve endurance by enhancing fat oxidation during exercise in rodents and humans. This study was designed to investigate the isomer-specific effects of CLA on endurance capacity and energy metabolism in mice during exercise. Male 129Sv/J mice were divided into three dietary groups and fed treatment diet for 6 weeks; control, 0.5 % cis-9,trans-11 (c9,t11) CLA, or 0.5 % trans-10,cis-12 (t10,c12) CLA. Dietary t10,c12 CLA induced a significant increase in maximum running time and distance until exhaustion with a dramatic reduction of total adipose depots compared to a control group, but there were no significant changes in endurance with the c9,t11 CLA treatment. Serum triacylglycerol and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations were significantly lower in the t10,c12 fed mice after exercise compared to control and the c9,t11 CLA fed-animals. Glycogen contents in livers of the t10,c12 fed-mice were higher than those in control mice, concomitant with reduction of serum L-lactate level. There were no differences in non-exercise physical activity among all treatment groups. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1ß, uncoupling protein 2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) in skeletal muscle during exercise were significantly up-regulated by the t10,c12 CLA but not the c9,t11 CLA. These results suggest that the t10,c12 CLA is responsible for improving endurance exercise capacity by promoting fat oxidation with a reduction of the consumption of stored liver glycogen, potentially mediated via PPARδ dependent mechanisms.


Asunto(s)
Suplementos Dietéticos , Ácidos Grasos/metabolismo , Glucógeno/metabolismo , Ácidos Linoleicos/metabolismo , Resistencia Física , Animales , Isomerismo , Hígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Tamaño de los Órganos , Oxidación-Reducción , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa
19.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr ; 52(6): 488-513, 2012.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22452730

RESUMEN

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has drawn significant attention in the last two decades for its variety of biologically beneficial effects. CLA reduces body fat, cardiovascular diseases and cancer, and modulates immune and inflammatory responses as well as improves bone mass. It has been suggested that the overall effects of CLA are the results of interactions between two major isomers, cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12. This review will primarily focus on current CLA publications involving humans, which are also summarized in the tables. Along with a number of beneficial effects of CLA, there are safety considerations for CLA supplementation in humans, which include effects on liver functions, milk fat depression, glucose metabolism, and oxidative stresses.


Asunto(s)
Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/metabolismo , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/farmacología , Animales , Dieta , Suplementos Dietéticos , Ejercicio Físico , Humanos , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/química , Obesidad/tratamiento farmacológico
20.
Food Chem ; 133(2): 400-9, 2012 Jul 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25683412

RESUMEN

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and conjugated nonadecadienoic acid (CNA) have been previously shown to effectively reduce body fat. However, it is not clear if these effects persist with extended feeding, including potential mechanisms of increased energy expenditure. Thus the current investigation was conducted to determine the influence of dietary conjugated fatty acids on non-exercise form of voluntary movement and lipid and glucose metabolisms for 4-12 week feeding of male mice. CLA and CNA significantly reduced body weight and fat mass by increasing energy expenditure, in part by increasing voluntary movement. CLA and CNA significantly reduced serum leptin and tumour necrosis factor-α, while modulating the mRNA levels of genes associated with lipid and glucose metabolisms. The current results of increased physical activity along with modulation of lipid and glucose metabolisms by conjugated fatty acids will help contribute to future applications of these toward controlling obesity.


Asunto(s)
Tejido Adiposo/efectos de los fármacos , Grasas Insaturadas en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Ácidos Grasos Insaturados/administración & dosificación , Movimiento/efectos de los fármacos , Obesidad/metabolismo , Tejido Adiposo/metabolismo , Animales , Grasas Insaturadas en la Dieta/metabolismo , Metabolismo Energético/efectos de los fármacos , Ácidos Grasos Insaturados/metabolismo , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/administración & dosificación , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Movimiento/fisiología , Distribución Aleatoria
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA