LC-MS profiling, in vitro and in silico C-ABL kinase inhibitory approach to identify potential anticancer agents from Dalbergia sissoo leaves.

Belonging to the Fabaceae family, Dalbergia sissoo, a versatile plant, has gained prominence for its potent medicinal attributes, especially antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties, as well as the use of its leaf juice in cancer treatment. Despite these recognized applications by natives and tribals, comprehensive insight into its biological activities and chemical composition remains limited. This study aimed to explore the cytotoxic potential of sequentially extracted leaf extracts from Dalbergia sissoo using various solvents, aiming to unveil the array of phytochemicals through LC-MS profiling. Among the extracts evaluated, the extract employing methanol:water extracting media (HN-2) appeared with the most remarkable results in both phytochemical diversity and biological activity. Furthermore, in vitro results of HN-2's in vitro anticancer efficacy were confirmed through in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. These analyses demonstrated its ability to inhibit C-ABL kinase within leukemia K562 cells, directing that Dalbergia sissoo leaves serve as a bioactive agent reservoir. Consequently, this suggests that the Dalbergia sissoo plant is a potential source of bioactive compounds that can be used as a precursor for developing new cancer inhibitors, mainly targeting leukemia.

Dalbergia sissoo phytochemicals as EGFR inhibitors: an in vitro and in silico approach.

The safest and most effective sources of medications are natural and traditional medicines derived from plants and herbs. In Western India, various parts of the Dalbergia sissoo plant, which belongs to the Fabaceae family, have been traditionally used to treat different types of cancer by the local tribes. However, this claim has not been scientifically proven yet. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity) and anticancer effects of different plant extracts from Dalbergia sissoo bark, root, and branch on six different cancer cell lines (K562, PC3, A431, A549, NCIH 460, and HEK 293 T) using in vitro cell viability and cytotoxicity assays. The study also involved in silico docking, MD simulation, and ADME studies of previously reported bioactive compounds from the same parts of the plant to confirm their bioactivity. The DPPH radical scavenging experiment findings showed that the methanol: water extract of the bark had a more significant antioxidant activity IC50 (45.63 ± 1.24 mg/mL). Furthermore, the extract prevented the growth of the A431, A549, and NCIH 460 cancer cell lines with the lowest IC50 values of 15.37, 29.09, and 17.02 g/mL, respectively, demonstrating remarkable anticancer potential. Molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies revealed that Prunetin, Tectorigenin, and Prunetin 4'-O-Galactoside show efficient binding to the EGFR binding domain. This study suggests that tested hits may have antioxidant and anticancer agents and can be considered for future applications in the pharma sector.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.