RESUMEN
Objective:To analyze the distribution of allergens and the risk factors in patients with allergic rhinitis in Qingdao area. Method:Two hundred and sixteen patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and 49 healthy volunteers were admitted to the outpatient clinic of the Otolaryngology Department of the three branches of Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital in Qingdao from August 2018 to March 2019. A total of 271 patientsï¼5-84 years oldï¼ were included in the epidemiological investigation. The study conducted a skin stinging test of inhalation allergens. In addition, the questionnaire of allergic disease and self-examination of dust mite allergy were carried out for each group of patients, and the results were analyzed and counted. Result:â In 216 patients with allergic rhinitis, the top six inhalation allergens were dust mitesï¼55.0%ï¼, house dust mitesï¼46.1%ï¼, tropical mitesï¼21.8%ï¼, dog hairï¼16.6%ï¼, Artemisia halodendronï¼13.3%ï¼, and German cockroachesï¼10.3%ï¼. â¡Inhalation allergens, the degree of positive of house dust mites and dust mites were mainlyï¼+++ï¼, the degree of positive of Artemisia halodendron were mainlyï¼+++ï¼ andï¼++++ï¼, and the degree of positive of other allergens were mainlyï¼++ï¼. â¢There were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of inhalation allergens in different age groups, and the positive rates of inhalation allergens gradually decreased with age after adulthood. â£The single factor and multi-factor logical regression analysis all showed that the history of smoking, family history, age less than 18 years, and 18-40 years old were closely related to the occurrence of allergic rhinitisï¼P<0.05ï¼. â¤Using Spearson-related analysis and loess regression analysis, it was found that with the increase of dust mite self-examination score, the positive rate of dust mite increased significantly. Conclusion:The most important inhalation allergens of patients with allergic rhinitis in Qingdao area are dust mites, dog hair and artemisinin. The positive rate of inhalation allergens is influenced by age and there are certain rules in them. Smoking history, family history, age and other factors are risk factors for allergic rhinitis. The dust mite self-examination score can predict the occurrence of dust mite allergy.