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Objective:To explore the molecular mechanism of Lycii Fructus and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (FLRSM) in the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics. Method:Possible intake active components and targets of FLRSM were screened out and predicted by traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform(TCMSP). Gene targets related to RP were mined through disease gene databases. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of component-targets and disease-targets were mapped by functional protein association networks (STRING), and the intersection of the two networks was obtained. The gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) pathway of the intersection network were analyzed by the database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery(DAVID). CytoHubba analysis was used to screen out the key targets. Result:A total of 390 active ingredients related to FLRSM were retrieved from TCMSP. According to pharmacokinetic parameters, 110 active ingredients were screened out, 19 active ingredients were further screened out, and 208 targets related to these constituents were retrieved. Totally 206 genes directly related to RP were obtained from the disease gene databases. And 79 genes were obtained from the intersection of PPI networks of component targets and disease targets. These genes mainly involved in biological processes, such as protein autophosphorylation, transcriptional regulation and cell proliferation, and the molecular functions mainly involved adenosine triphosphate binding, transcription factor activity, core promoter binding, and were enriched in nuclear, transcription factor complex, nucleus, cytoplasm and other regions. It was mainly related to neurotrophin signaling pathway, cell cycle related pathway and Wnt signaling pathway. And 8 key gene targets for FLRSM treatment of RP were identified by further screening. Conclusion:The material basis of pharmacodynamic action of FLRSM involves 19 active ingredients, such as porous sterol and tanshinone ⅡA. The key targets of FLRSM in the treatment of RP include 8 genes, such as E2F transcription factor 1(E2F1) and retinoblastoma gene1(RB1).The main mechanism is related to the regulation of neurotrophin signaling pathways, cell cycle related pathways and other signaling networks.
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· AIM:To evaluate the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of dry eye effect in the past five years by using meta analysis method.· METHODS:According to the Cochrane evaluation system method,we searched Medline (January 2013 to October 2017),EMbase (2013-2017),Cochrane Library (2017),Wanfang database (2013-2017),VIP (2013-2017),and CNKI(2013-2017) for studies published.We included randomized controlled trials conducted the TCM in the treatment of dry eye.RevMan 5.0 statistical software data extraction and Meta analysis were conducted.· RESULTS:A total of 10 studies were identified,nine were from Chinese literature and one was from English literature,of which including 1 229 eyes.Nine of these studies performed BUT measurements at the end of the course of treatment.The results showed a statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.00001).Nine studies performed tear flow measurements at the end of the course of treatment and the results showed a statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.0001).Two studies performed FL measurements after the end of the course of treatment;the results showed no statistically significant difference (P=0.25).Three studies performed dry eye symptoms after the end of the course of treatment;the results showed that the differences were statistically significant (P=0.0003);the overall efficacy comparison,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.00001).· CONCLUSION:TCM treatment can significantly prolong BUT and increase tear flow,and has more advantages in the treatment of dry eye.
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Invigorating blood and dissolving stasis method is a kind of unique therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) treatment, which efficacy has become increasingly prominent in the treatment of ophthalmology.With the further studies of blood stasis and invigorating blood and dissolving stasis therapy, it is widely used in clinical ophthalmology, and get good effects beyond thought, especially when western medicine has no curative effects.It improved the cure rate of fundus oculi disease from the eyelids, conjunctiva, lacrimal sac, vitreous body to the choroid and retina, optic nerve and macula lutea, from surface to fundus, or pathological changes related to inflammation, degeneration, necrosis, atrophy, hyperplasia of fibrous tissue hyperplasia.This paper is aim to explain the definition of invigorating blood and dissolving stasis and make a review of basic research and clinical application about it in several diseases.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of the extract of Buddleja officinalis eye drops (EBOED) on basic tears secretory volume, tear film stability, and expressions of androgen receptors (AR) in castrated rats with dry eye, and to investigate the mechanism of EBOED on dry eye caused by decreased anti-androgen levels.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the blank group, the model group, and the treatment group (treated by EBOED), respectively. Rats in each group were further divided into three sub-groups (fed for one month, two months, and three months, respectively). There were totally nine groups, with five in each. The dry eye model was established with orchiectomy of rats in the model group and the treatment group. EBOED was given to rats in the treatment group for one successive month. Schirmer I test (SIT) and breakup time of tear film (BUT) were determined in all experimental rats. Expressions of AR was analyzed by flow cytometer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ths SIT value, BUT, and AR positive rate in the model group at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd month were lower than those in the blank group of the same time points (P < 0.01). There was statistical difference in SIT value, BUT, and AR positive rate between the model group and the treatment group at the three time points (P < 0.01). Take the three-month subgroup as an example, the SIT value in the treatment group was (12.667 +/- 5.221) mm, obviously higher than that in the model group (2.676 +/- 1.987) mm. The BUT in the treatment group was (11.758 +/- 4.415) s, obviously longer than that of the model group (4.667 +/- 2.108) s. The AR positive rate in the treatment group was 49.33% +/- 3.44%, obviously higher than that of the model group (33.32% +/- 7.12%, all P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The main components of EBOED was the flavonoids which could significantly inhibit the occurrence of dry eye in rats with decreased androgen levels. Its mechanism might possibly be similar to androgen.</p>