RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: High-resolution magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-MAS NMR) spectroscopy enables the analysis of the metabolic profile of plant and animal tissues under close to natural conditions, as well as of other heterogeneous natural or synthetic materials. Neither sample pretreatment is required after fragmentation nor powdering of the sample before insertion into the rotor. However, the efficiency of the method depends strongly on the sample preparation, rotor insertion procedure, and analysis conditions. OBJECTIVE: To identify some of the variables that affect the spectral data and to propose solutions that minimise their impact on the quality of the analyses and results. METHODS: Dried plant tissues were powdered, weighed, and homogenised in a 50 µL rotor with an optimised volume of deuterated solvent and sample in order to prevent material from escaping during spacer insertion, avoiding variations in magnetic susceptibility. Factors affecting the quality of HR-MAS NMR analysis such as particle size, sample and solvent amounts, solvent polarity, swelling time, rotor manipulation and pulse sequence setting were evaluated. RESULTS: A strong correlation was observed between the signal area and the particle size of the powdered sample. The spectral profile varied depending on the deuterated solvent used. An incubation period was necessary to achieve adequate swelling of the sample and to ensure good data reproducibility. Proper sealing of the rotor, number of cycles and τ time on cpmgpr1d pulse sequence were found to affect the signal areas. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the need for standardised sample preparation and instrumental setup protocols in order to achieve high reproducibility and obtain reliable data from HR-MAS NMR analyses.
Asunto(s)
Técnicas de Química Analítica/métodos , Eugenia/química , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Malpighiaceae/química , Passiflora/química , Hojas de la Planta/química , Técnicas de Química Analítica/normas , Deuterio/química , Eugenia/metabolismo , Malpighiaceae/metabolismo , Metaboloma , Tamaño de la Partícula , Passiflora/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/química , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Estándares de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Solventes/químicaRESUMEN
As part of our continuing chemical and biological analyses of Rubiaceae species from Cerrado, we isolated novel alkaloids 1 and 2, along with known compounds epicatechin, ursolic acid, and oleanolic acid, from Galianthe ramosa. Alkaloid 2 inhibited malate synthase from the pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides spp. This enzyme is considered an important molecular target because it is not found in humans. Molecular docking simulations were used to describe the interactions between the alkaloids and malate synthase.