RESUMEN
Microbicides are a new tool, still under investigation, which could help prevent infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Increasing evidence shows that the complexity of sexual transmission of viral pathogens requires the identification of compounds able to block the early events during the cycle of viral infection. In this manuscript we provide a comprehensive review of the different microbicide strategies that have been studied or are currently being considered for STI prevention, particularly emphasizing those having the potential to block HIV infection. The manuscript also reviews the complex process that is required to conduct future clinical studies in humans and concludes with a brief discussion of the strategies that could be part of the immediate future in microbicide research.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos Locales/farmacología , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Enfermedades Bacterianas de Transmisión Sexual/prevención & control , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/prevención & control , Administración Intravaginal , Administración Rectal , Animales , Antiinfecciosos Locales/química , Antiinfecciosos Locales/clasificación , Antiinfecciosos Locales/aislamiento & purificación , Antiinfecciosos Locales/toxicidad , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Aprobación de Drogas , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Infecciones por VIH/transmisión , Herpes Genital/prevención & control , Herpes Genital/transmisión , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Multicéntricos como Asunto , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/prevención & control , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/transmisión , Tensoactivos/farmacología , Tecnología Farmacéutica/métodos , Proteínas Virales/antagonistas & inhibidores , Internalización del Virus/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Microbicides are a new tool, still under investigation, which could help prevent infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Increasing evidence shows that the complexity of sexual transmission of viral pathogens requires the identification of compounds able to block the early events during the cycle of viral infection. In this manuscript we provide a comprehensive review of the different microbicide strategies that have been studied or are currently being considered for STI prevention, particularly emphasizing those having the potential to block HIV infection. The manuscript also reviews the complex process that is required to conduct future clinical studies in humans and concludes with a brief discussion of the strategies that could be part of the immediate future in microbicide research.