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1.
Chemosphere ; 186: 51-61, 2017 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28763637

RESUMEN

The study demonstrates the effects of chronic sub-lethal exposure of sodium fluoride (NaF) on reproductive structure and function of female Drosophila melanogaster. As a part of treatment, flies were maintained in food supplemented with sub-lethal concentrations of NaF (10-100 µg/mL). Fecundity, ovarian morphology, presence and profusion of viable cells from ovary and fat body were taken into consideration for evaluating changes in reproductive homeostasis. Wing length (a factor demonstrating body size and reproductive fitness) was also monitored after NaF exposure. Significant reduction in fecundity, alteration in ovarian morphology along with an increase in apoptosis was observed in treated females. Simultaneous decline in viable cell number and larval weight validates the result of MTT assay. Furthermore, altered ovarian Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and catalase activities together with increased rate of lipid peroxidation after 20 and 40 µg/mL NaF exposure confirmed the changes in reproduction related metabolism. Enhanced lipid peroxidation known for ROS generation might have induced genotoxicity which is confirmed through Comet assay. The enzyme activities were not dose dependent, rather manifested a bimodal response, which suggests a well-knit interaction among the players inducing stress and the ones that help establish physiological homeostasis.


Asunto(s)
Drosophila melanogaster/efectos de los fármacos , Ovario/crecimiento & desarrollo , Reproducción/efectos de los fármacos , Fluoruro de Sodio/toxicidad , Animales , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Catalasa/metabolismo , Daño del ADN , Drosophila melanogaster/crecimiento & desarrollo , Femenino , Fertilidad/efectos de los fármacos , Glucosafosfato Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Larva/efectos de los fármacos , Peroxidación de Lípido , Ovario/efectos de los fármacos , Fluoruro de Sodio/administración & dosificación
2.
J Hazard Mater ; 321: 690-702, 2017 Jan 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27701059

RESUMEN

This study reveals protective role of l-ascorbic acid (25, 50 and 100µg/mL) against toxic impacts of acute sub-lethal exposure of Acephate (5µg/mL) in a non-target organism Drosophila melanogaster. Organismal effect was evident from increased impairment in climbing activities (9 folds) of treated individuals who also manifested altered ocular architecture. These anomalies were reduced with l-ascorbic acid (l-AA) supplementation. Acephate induced apoptotic lesions in eye imaginal discs and gut confirmed tissue damage that also reduced with l-AA co-treatment. Reduction in viability of fat body cells (∼41%), neural cells (∼42%) and hemocytes (3 folds) indicates cytotoxic and immunotoxic potential of Acephate, which were significantly mitigated with l-AA co-administration. The sub-cellular toxic impacts of Acephate treatment became obvious from enhancement in activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT by ∼1.63 folds, SOD by ∼1.32 folds), detoxifying enzymes (Cyp450 by ∼1.99 folds and GST by ∼1.34 folds), 2.1 times boost in HSP 70 expression, and inhibition of cholinesterase activity (by ∼0.66 folds). DNA breaks evident through comet assay confirmed Acephate triggered genotoxicity which could also be prevented through co-administration of. L-AA Furthermore, the study proposes the use of Drosophila as a model to screen chemicals for their protective potential against pesticide toxicity.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/farmacología , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacología , Insecticidas/toxicidad , Compuestos Organotiofosforados/antagonistas & inhibidores , Compuestos Organotiofosforados/toxicidad , Fosforamidas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Fosforamidas/toxicidad , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacología , Animales , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Daño del ADN , Drosophila melanogaster , Ojo/efectos de los fármacos , Ojo/patología , Cuerpo Adiposo/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Hepatocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Larva , Actividad Motora/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores de la Síntesis de la Proteína/toxicidad
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