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1.
Nutrients ; 9(6)2017 Jun 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28629150

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Most chemotherapeutic drugs are known to cause nephrotoxicity. Therefore, new strategies have been considered to prevent chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity. It is of note that Nigella sativa (NS), or its isolated compound Thymoquinone (TQ), has a potential role in combating chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity. AIM: To analyze and report the outcome of experimental animal studies on the protective effects of NS/TQ on chemotherapy-associated kidney complications. DESIGN: Standard systematic review and narrative synthesis. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE databases were searched for relevant articles published up to March 2017. Additionally, a manual search was performed. Criteria for a study's inclusion were: conducted in animals, systematic reviews and meta-analysis, containing data on nephroprotective effects of NS/TQ compared to a placebo or other substance. All strains and genders were included. RESULTS: The database search yielded 71 studies, of which 12 (cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity 8; methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity 1; doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity 2; ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity 1) were included in this review. CONCLUSIONS: Experimental animal studies showed the protective effect of NS, or TQ, on chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity. These effects are caused by decreasing lipid peroxidation and increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes in renal tissue of chemotherapy-treated animals.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Benzoquinonas/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Renales/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Renales/tratamiento farmacológico , Nigella sativa/química , Animales , Benzoquinonas/química , Fitoterapia
2.
J Transl Med ; 14: 58, 2016 Feb 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26911136

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment represents a major obstacle to an effective tumor-specific cellular immune response. METHODS: In the present study, the counterbalance effect of a novel metronomic chemotherapy protocol on such an immunosuppressive microenvironment was evaluated in a mouse model upon sub-cutaneous ectopic implantation of B16 melanoma cells. The chemotherapy consisted of a novel multi-drug cocktail including taxanes and alkylating agents, administered in a daily metronomic fashion. The newly designed strategy was shown to be safe, well tolerated and significantly efficacious. RESULTS: Treated animals showed a remarkable delay in tumor growth and prolonged survival as compared to control group. Such an effect was directly correlated with CD4(+) T cell reduction and CD8(+) T cell increase. Furthermore, a significant reduction in the percentage of both CD25(+)FoxP3(+) and CD25(+)CD127(low) regulatory T cell population was found both in the spleens and in the tumor lesions. Finally, the metronomic chemotherapy induced an intrinsic CD8(+) T cell response specific to B16 naturally expressed Trp2 TAA. CONCLUSION: The novel multi-drug daily metronomic chemotherapy evaluated in the present study was very effective in counterbalancing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Consequently, the intrinsic anti-tumor T cell immunity could exert its function, targeting specific TAA and significantly containing tumor growth. Overall, the results show that this represents a promising adjuvant approach to significantly enhance efficacy of intrinsic or vaccine-elicited tumor-specific cellular immunity.


Asunto(s)
Administración Metronómica , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Melanoma Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administración & dosificación , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacología , Calreticulina/metabolismo , Muerte Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Ensayo de Immunospot Ligado a Enzimas , Femenino , Interferón gamma/biosíntesis , Melanoma Experimental/inmunología , Melanoma Experimental/patología , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Análisis de Supervivencia , Linfocitos T Reguladores/efectos de los fármacos
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