Chiropractic Management of a Patient With Neck-Tongue Syndrome: A Case Report.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this case report was to describe the chiropractic management of a patient with neck-tongue syndrome (NTS). CLINICAL FEATURES: A 34-year-old female patient sought treatment at a chiropractic clinic for symptoms involving neck pain associated with left-sided paresthesia of the tongue that had persisted for >2 years. A diagnosis of NTS was made. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: The patient was treated with spinal manipulation, myofascial release, and home exercises. After 2 weeks, she was symptom free. At the 2-year follow-up, the patient remained free of symptoms. CONCLUSION: This patient with NTS responded favorably to a course of chiropractic care.

A simple method for isolation and purification of DIBOA-Glc from Tripsacum dactyloides.

Naturally occurring benzoxazinones (Bx) are a highly reactive class of compounds that have received particular attention in the past several decades. Recently, we identified 2-ß-D-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA-Glc) as the compound present in the roots of Eastern gamagrass {Tripsacum dactyloides (L.)} responsible for atrazine degradation. However, characterization of the DIBOA-Glc/atrazine degradation reaction has been limited due to difficulties in attaining sufficient quantities of purified DIBOA-Glc. The objective of the study was to develop a simple purification and isolation method for obtaining bulk quantities of highly purified DIBOA-Glc. T. dactyloides roots were extracted with 90% aqueous methanol, and the crude extract was fractionated using an HPLC equipped with a C8 semi-prep column and fraction collector. UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS was used to confirm the identity of DIBOA-Glc in the fractions collected. Analysis by 13C and 1H NMR and DAD indicated that 542 mg of DIBOA-Glc with a purity of > 99% was obtained. The reactivity of the DIBOA-Glc was confirmed in a 16 hour assay with atrazine, which resulted in 48.5% ± 1.2% (SD) atrazine degradation. The method described here offers several advantages over existing extraction and synthesis methods, which are more cumbersome, use hazardous chemicals, and yield only small quantities of purified compound. The newly developed method will facilitate future research characterizing the chemical behavior of DIBOA-Glc and determine its potential as an atrazine mitigation and remediation tool.

Identification of an atrazine-degrading benzoxazinoid in Eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides).

This study was part of a broader effort to identify and characterize promising atrazine-degrading phytochemicals in Eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides ; EG) roots for the purpose of mitigating atrazine transport from agroecosystems. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify atrazine-degrading compounds in EG root extracts. Eastern gamagrass roots were extracted with methanol, and extracts were subjected to a variety of separation techniques. Fractions from each level of separation were tested for atrazine-degrading activity by a simple assay. Compounds were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results from the experiments identified 2-ß-d-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA-Glc) as the compound responsible for atrazine degradation in the root extract fractions collected. 2-ß-d-Glucopyranosyloxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (HBOA-Glc) was also identified in the root extract fractions, but it did not demonstrate activity against atrazine. Estimated root tissue concentrations were 210 mg kg(-1) (wet wt basis) for DIBOA-Glc and 71 mg kg(-1) for HBOA-Glc (dry wt basis, 710 ± 96 and 240 ± 74 mg kg(-1), respectively). This research was the first to describe the occurrence and concentrations of an atrazine-degrading benzoxazinone compound isolated from EG tissue.

Thromboprophylaxis after multiple trauma: what treatment and for how long?

A review of current literature discussing thromboprophylaxis in the multiple-trauma patient to provide insight on the type of treatment and its duration of use. AMEDLINE search was conducted in May 2009 using keywords associated with thromboprophylactic measures in multiple-trauma patient care, including inferior vena cava (IVC) filters, mechanical-compression devices and anticoagulants. Abstracts were evaluated for relevance to this study and full-text articles were then examined individually. Fourteen full text articles were evaluated including guidelines published by the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) and the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST) and other studies dealing with multiple-trauma patients, including those in hip-fracture surgery, lower-leg trauma and head trauma. Limited research has been performed for the multiple-trauma patient and recommendations regarding the type of treatment and its duration of use cannot be suggested beyond what has been extrapolated from existing trauma and major surgery patients. IVC filters, mechanical compression devices and anticoagulants therefore remain the standard, but their duration of use in the multiple-trauma patient is not well described. New oral anticoagulants that inhibit factor Xa or thrombin directly show promising qualities but have not been evaluated for multiple-trauma applications. Therefore, optimal thromboprophylaxis and its duration after multiple trauma is largely based on rational, clinical decision making on a case-by-case basis.