RESUMEN
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are thought to predict care discontinuity, though magnitude and substance-specific variance of effects are unclear. This report of analytic work undertaken with a multi-regional American cohort of 9153 care enrollees addresses these gaps. Care retention was computed from 24-month post-linkage clinic visit documentation, with SUD cases identified from patient-report screening instruments. Two generalized estimating equations tested binary and hierarchial SUD predictors of retention, and potential effect modification by patient age-group, sex, and care site. Findings demonstrate: (1) detrimental SUD effect, equivalent to a nine percentage-point decrease in retention, with independent effects of age-group and care site; (2) substance-specific effect of marijuana UD associated with lower retention; and (3) age-modification of each effect on care discontinuity, with SUDs serving as a risk factor among 18-29 year-olds and protective factor among 60+ year-olds. Collective findings document patient attributes as influences that place particular subgroups at-risk to discontinue care.
Asunto(s)
Fármacos Anti-VIH/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Retención en el Cuidado , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/complicaciones , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , VIH , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por VIH/psicología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Estados Unidos/epidemiologíaAsunto(s)
Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/epidemiología , Conducta Cooperativa , Prestación Integrada de Atención de Salud/organización & administración , Registro Médico Coordinado , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/tratamiento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Fármacos Anti-VIH/uso terapéutico , Terapia Antirretroviral Altamente Activa , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proyectos de Investigación , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Topical agents, such as microbicides, that can protect against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission are urgently needed. Using a chimeric simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV SF162), which is tropic for the chemokine receptor CCR5, we report that topical application of high doses of PSC-RANTES, an amino terminus-modified analog of the chemokine RANTES, provided potent protection against vaginal challenge in rhesus macaques. These experimental findings have potentially important implications for understanding vaginal transmission of HIV and the design of strategies for its prevention.