Biosynthesis, characterization, magnetic hyperthermia, and in vitro toxicity evaluation of quercetin-loaded magnetoliposome lipid bilayer hybrid system on MCF-7 breast cancer.

Novel biocompatible and effective hyperthermia (HT) treatment materials for breast cancer therapeutic have recently attracting researchers, because of their effective ablation of cancer cells and negligible damage to healthy cells. Magnetoliposome (MLs) have numerous possibilities for utilize in cancer treatment, including smart drug delivery (SDD) mediated through alternating magnetic fields (AMF). In this work, magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) encapsulated with liposomes lipid bilayer (MLs), Quercetin (Q)-loaded MgFe2O4@Liposomes (Q-MLs) nano-hybrid system were successfully synthesized for magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) and SDD applications. The hybrid system was well-investigated by different techniques using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Zeta Potential (ZP). The characterization results confirmed the improving quercetin-loading on the MLs surface. TEM analysis indicated the synthesized MgFe2O4, MLs, and Q-MLs were spherical with an average size of 23.7, 35.5, and 329.5 nm, respectively. The VSM results revealed that the MgFe2O4 exhibit excellent and effective saturation magnetization (MS) (40.5 emu/g). Quercetin drug loading and entrapment efficiency were found to be equal to 2.1 ± 0.1% and 42.3 ± 2.2%, respectively. The in-vitro Q release from Q-loaded MLs was found 40.2% at pH 5.1 and 69.87% at pH 7.4, verifying the Q-loading pH sensitivity. The MLs and Q-MLs hybrid system as MHT agents exhibit specific absorption rate (SAR) values of 197 and 205 W/g, correspondingly. Furthermore, the Q-MLs cytotoxicity was studied on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, and the obtained data demonstrated that the Q-MLs have a high cytotoxicity effect compared to MLs and free Q.

Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the brief illness questionnaire in Iranian with non-specific chronic neck pain.

INTRODUCTION: The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) is an instrument for assessing the illness perception. Illness perception varies between individuals based on their health status. There is no study that assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of BIPQ in neck pain patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate the reliability, construct validity, and exploratory factor analysis of the Persian BIPQ in individuals with non-specific chronic neck pain. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study in which 123 individuals with non-specific chronic neck pain participated. 60 participants examined after 7 days for testing reliability. Reliability was assessed by intra-class correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change. For assessing construct validity and item-total correlation, correlation tests were used. Also, exploratory factor analysis was done to assess the factor structure of the BIPQ. RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis' results showed that there were 2 factors with Eigenvalues >1. Factor 1 included "identity", "consequence", "timeline", and "emotional response". Factor 2 consisted of "coherence" and "treatment control". The intra-class correlation coefficient and the cronbach's alpha for the total score was 0.8 and 0.86 respectively. Results of correlation tests showed an acceptable construct validity except with SF-12 mental component. Item-total correlation tests demonstrated that the correlations were above 0.3 for all subscales except for "treatment control" and "coherence". CONCLUSION: BIPQ has an acceptable properties to assess illness perception in individuals with non-specific chronic neck pain. The results of exploratory factor analysis and item-total correlation confirmed that 2-subscale version is more acceptable.

Reliability of postural control during double-leg standing in subjects with nonspecific chronic low back pain: Dual-task paradigm and manipulated visual and somatosensory inputs.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the Center of Pressure (COP) parameters in quiet double-leg standing in subjects with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain (NSCLBP) during dual taking associated with manipulated visual and somatosensory inputs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this observational cross-sectional study, the static balance of thirty NSCLBP patients were assessed during a double-leg stance by using the force platform. Subjects were accosted by manipulated somatosensory and visual inputs during dual taking in eight different conditions (with and without vibration, eyes-open and eyes-closed, and with and without auditory Stroop test). The COP parameters were recorded as follows: range sideways and range fore-aft as well as mean velocity and area variables. The cognitive task parameters included the reaction time and error ratio. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was computed to assess the intersession reliability of COP parameters. RESULTS: in intersession, range sideways, range fore-aft, and mean velocity measures possessed moderate to high ICC, but area owned high ICC only in one condition (double-leg stance, eyes-close, with vibration, and with auditory Stroop test). Notably, other conditions had low ICC, and moderate to high and low to very high ICC were reported for reaction time and error ratio. CONCLUSION: Among the parameters studied in the present study, the mean velocity measure seems to be the most reliable variable of postural control in the subjects with NSLBP especially in more challenging conditions, i.e., quiet double-leg standing with eyes closed and adding vibratory inputs during dual-tasking.