RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: An objective evaluation of coronavirus disease 2019 in the first days of infection is almost impossible, as affected individuals are generally in home quarantine, and there is limited accessibility for the operator who should perform the test. To overcome this limitation, a recently validated psychophysical self-administered test was used, which can be performed remotely in the assessment of early-stage coronavirus disease 2019 patients. METHODS: Olfactory and gustatory functions were objectively assessed in 300 patients in the first 7 days from coronavirus disease 2019 symptom onset. RESULTS: Seventy per cent of the patients presented olfactory and/or gustatory disorders. The dysfunctions detected were mainly complete anosmia (47 per cent) or ageusia (38 per cent). A significant correlation was found between taste dysfunction and female gender (odds ratio = 1.936, p = 0.014) and fever (odds ratio = 2.132, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: The psychophysical evaluation protocol proposed is an effective tool for the fast and objective evaluation of patients in the early stages of coronavirus disease 2019. Chemosensitive disorders have been confirmed to be frequent and early symptoms of the coronavirus infection, and, in a significant number of cases, they are the first or only manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Coronavirus/fisiopatología , Autoevaluación Diagnóstica , Técnicas y Procedimientos Diagnósticos , Trastornos del Olfato/diagnóstico , Neumonía Viral/fisiopatología , Trastornos del Gusto/diagnóstico , Telemedicina , Ácido Acético , Adulto , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Chocolate , Café , Combinación de Medicamentos , Femenino , Jugos de Frutas y Vegetales , Productos Domésticos , Humanos , Italia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antisépticos Bucales , Trastornos del Olfato/fisiopatología , Pandemias , Extractos Vegetales , SARS-CoV-2 , Autoinforme , Umbral Sensorial , Factores Sexuales , Jabones , Especias , Trastornos del Gusto/fisiopatología , Umbral Gustativo , Terpenos , Pastas de Dientes , VinoRESUMEN
Biological sciences and related bio-technology play a very important role in research projects concerning protection and preservation of cultural heritage for future generations. In this work secondary metabolites of Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola (Bga) ICMP 11096 strain and crude extract of glycoalkaloids from Solanaceae plants, were tested against a panel of microorganisms isolated from calcarenite stones of two historical bridges located in Potenza and in Campomaggiore (Southern Italy). The isolated bacteria belong to Bacillus cereus and Arthrobacter agilis species, while fungi belong to Aspergillus, Penicillium, Coprinellus, Fusarium, Rhizoctonio and Stemphylium genera. Bga broth (unfiltered) and glycoalkaloids extracts were able to inhibit the growth of all bacterial isolates. Bga culture was active against fungal colonies, while Solanaceae extract exerted bio-activity against Fusarium and Rhizoctonia genera.