Antiproliferative activity of compounds isolated from the root bark of Lannea acida in multiple myeloma cell lines.

Lannea acida A. Rich. is a native plant of West Africa used in traditional medicine against diarrhea, dysentery, rheumatism, and women infertility. Eleven compounds were isolated from the dichloromethane root bark extract using various chromatographic techniques. Among those, nine compounds have not been previously reported, i.e. one cardanol derivative, two alkenyl 5-hydroxycyclohex-2-en-1-ones, three alkenyl cyclohex-4-ene-1,3-diols, two alkenyl 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-4-en-3-ols, and one alkenyl 4,5-dihydroxycyclohex-2-en-1-one, together with two known cardanols. The structure of the compounds was elucidated using NMR, HRESIMS, ECD, IR, and UV. Their antiproliferative activity was evaluated in three multiple myeloma cell lines: RPMI 8226, MM.1S, and MM.1R. Two compounds showed activity in all cell lines with IC50 values < 5 µM. Further investigations are needed to understand the mechanism of action.

Phytochemical Investigation of the Roots of Ipomoea asarifolia and Antiproliferative Activity of the Isolated Compounds against Multiple Myeloma Cells.

Ipomoea asarifolia is a herbaceous plant belonging to the family Convolvulaceae and is native to tropical regions of Africa, America, and Asia. A dichloromethane root extract showed antiproliferative activity against multiple myeloma cells (RPMI 8226). The phytochemical investigation led to the isolation of 15 compounds. Compounds 1-4, named (4S,8S)-1-(furan-3-yl)-9-hydroxy-4,8-dimethylnonane-1,6-dione, isoferulic acid hexadecyl ester, caffeic acid hexadecyl ester, and asarifolin I, respectively, are described for the first time. The structures of these molecules were established from their NMR, UV, IR spectroscopic, and MS data. 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid hexadecyl ester (5), 4-hydroxycinnamic acid octadecyl ester (6), 4-hydroxycinnamic acid eicosyl ester (7), caffeic acid octadecyl ester (8), pescapreins III, IV, XXI, XXIII, XXV, and XXVI (9-14), and stoloniferin III (15) were also isolated. All compounds were tested against a multiple myeloma cell line (RPMI 8226). When their IC50 value was lower than 10 µM, the compounds were also tested against two other multiple myeloma cell lines, MM.1S and MM.1R. Compound 3 was the most potent, with an IC50 value of 3.0 µM against RPMI 8226 cells.

Bioactive metabolites from the leaves of Withania adpressa.

CONTEXT: Withania (Solanaceae) species are known to be a rich source of withanolides, which have shown several biological properties. OBJECTIVE: To identify the compounds responsible for Withania adpressa Coss. antioxidant activity and further test them for their NF-κB inhibition and antiproliferative activity in multiple myeloma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Compounds were obtained from the EtOAc extract of W. adpressa leaves. Structure elucidation was carried out mainly by 1D- and 2D-NMR, and mass spectrometry. Isolated compounds were tested in a dose-response for their in vitro NF-κB inhibition and antiproliferative activity in multiple myeloma cells after 5 and 72 h treatment, respectively. RESULTS: The fractionation resulted in the isolation of a new glycowithanolide named wadpressine (5) together with withanolide F, withaferin A, coagulin L, and nicotiflorin. The latter showed a moderate ability to scavenge free radicals in DPPH (IC50 = 35.3 µM) and NO (IC50 = 41.3 µM) assays. Withanolide F and withaferin A exhibited low µM antiproliferative activity against both multiple myeloma cancer stem cells and RPMI 8226 cells. Furthermore, they inhibited NF-κB activity with IC50 values of 1.2 and 0.047 µM, respectively. The other compounds showed a moderate inhibition of cell proliferation in RPMI 8226 cells, but were inactive against cancer stem cells and did not inhibit NF-κB activity. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: One new glycowithanolide and four known compounds were isolated. Biological evaluation data gave further insight on the antitumor potential of withanolides for refractory cancers.